47 research outputs found
Conscious monitoring and control (reinvestment) in surgical performance under pressure.
No full textResearch on intraoperative stressors has focused on external factors without considering individual differences in the ability to cope with stress. One individual difference that is implicated in adverse effects of stress on performance is "reinvestment," the propensity for conscious monitoring and control of movements. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of reinvestment on laparoscopic performance under time pressure
Effect of Electron Traps on Scintillation of Praseodymium Activated Lu3Al5O12
No full textIn this paper we present the studies performed on a set of Lu3Al5O12:Pr (LuAG:Pr) crystals with praseodymium concentration between 1.5 and 10%, grown by the micro-pulling-down (muPD) technique. The research comprises the measurements of X-ray excited emission spectra and 137Cs gamma-ray pulse height spectra in a range from 78 to 600 K, and thermoluminescence glow curves. Based on experimental data we discuss the dependence of scintillation properties of Lu3Al5O12:Pr on praseodymium content and temperature. The main attention is focused on a distinct increase of scintillation yield with temperature, which we attribute to existence of shallow electron traps and their temperature-dependent contribution to scintillation of LuAG:Pr. An active role of traps is demonstrated by a novel experiment combining X-ray and laser excitation.Radiation, Radionuclides and ReactorsApplied Science
Implicit motor learning promotes neural efficiency during laparoscopy.
No full textAn understanding of differences in expert and novice neural behavior can inform surgical skills training. Outside the surgical domain, electroencephalographic (EEG) coherence analyses have shown that during motor performance, experts display less coactivation between the verbal-analytic and motor planning regions than their less skilled counterparts. Reduced involvement of verbal-analytic processes suggests greater neural efficiency. The authors tested the utility of an implicit motor learning intervention specifically devised to promote neural efficiency by reducing verbal-analytic involvement in laparoscopic performance
Exploring the interaction between implicit and explicit processes in motor learning
No full textpublished_or_final_versionabstractHuman PerformanceDoctoralDoctor of Philosoph
Understanding a player’s decision making process in team 2 sports: A systematic review of empirical evidence
No full textThree perspectives have been taken to explain decision making within team sports (information processing, recognition primed decision making and ecological dynamics perspectives) resulting in conceptual tension and practical confusion. The aim of this paper was to interrogate empirical evidence to (1) understand the process of decision making within team sports and (2) capture the characteristics of decision making expertise in a team sport context. Nine electronic databases (SPORTdiscus, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, Psych-tests, PubMed, SAGE journals online, Web of knowledge, Academic search complete and Web of science) were searched until the final return in March 2021. Fifty-three articles satisfied the inclusion criteria, and were analysed thematically and synthesisd using a narrative approach. Findings indicate that the relative absence or presence of mental representation within the decision making process depends on factors including complexity, typicality, time available and contextual priors available in the game situation. We recommend that future research should integrate concepts and methodologies prevalent within each perspective to better understand decision making within team sports before providing implications for practitioners
Editorial
No full textMany thanks to David Cabello and Adrian Lees for the invitation to contribute to the International Journal of Racket Sport Science both as an associate editor and to offer some editorial thoughts at the time of Issue 5
