177 research outputs found
Results from Derringer et al. 2015 Behavior Genetics
No full textUnimputed behavioral disinhibition GWAS results from CADD, MCTFR, and SAGE samples as reported in Derringer, J., Corley, R. P., Haberstick, B. C., Young, S. E., Demmitt, B. A., Howrigan, D. P., ... & Brown, S. (2015). Genome-wide association study of behavioral disinhibition in a selected adolescent sample. Behavior genetics, 45(4), 375-381
Sexual self-concept: Validation in multiple domains
No full textSubmission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2022-11-11 without embargo termsThe student, Kenzhane Pantin, accepted the attached license on 2022-04-21 at 12:27.The student, Kenzhane Pantin, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2022-04-21 at 12:44.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2022-04-22 at 10:55.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #17880 on 2022-11-11 at 13:42:46Sexual Self-Concept (SSC), a person’s evaluation of their sexual thoughts and feelings, is an integral part of physical and psychological well-being. SSC has been suggested to play a role in mental health, interpersonal relationships, and risk-taking (Volman et. al, 2007; Breakwell et. al, 1997). Despite the centrality of SSC to the universal human experience, there is relatively little quantitative psychological research into the construct. Much of the existing SSC research is qualitative (Wagner, J., & Rehfuss, 2008; Rashidian & Hussain, 2014), uses highly selected samples (Turner & Mo, 1984; Pai et al., 2010; Ziaei et al., 2013), or focuses on very narrowly defined aspects within the broad construct of SSC (Breakwell & Millward, 1997; Andersen & Cyranowski, 1994; Blashill et. al, 2016). To ameliorate this, the current study sought to evaluate the Multidimensional Sexual Self-Concept Scale Short-Form (MSSCQ-SF) within an online sample (N=507). The MSSCQ-SF is a recently constructed SSC scale composed of four underlying factors (Sexual Agency, Sexual Anxiety, Sexual Desire, and Sexual Satisfaction) and purported to have robust psychometric properties (Pantin & Derringer, 2019). The goal was to establish the validity of the MSSCQ-SF by evaluating its four factors’ (1) relation to previously established measures of SSC, (2) their relation to previously established measures theoretically distinct from SSC, and (3) their ability to predict outcomes putatively associated with SSC. Sexual Desire and Sexual Anxiety established convergent validity with correlations above r=0.6. Sexual Satisfaction, Sexual Anxiety, and Sexual Agency established discriminant validity with correlations below r=|0.3|. Sexual Desire, Sexual Satisfaction, and Sexual Anxiety established criterion validity with correlations above r=|0.3|. In conclusion, the results suggested that the MSSCQ-SF is a valid measure for the assessment of SSC
The impact of attachment anxiety on susceptibility to false memories
No full textPrevious research shows that people's attachment styles predict memory functioning. For example, people with relatively insecure attachment styles tend to forget relationship-relevant information, as well as negatively bias their emotional evaluations of interpersonal experiences over time. An emerging body of research has also begun to suggest that attachment anxiety in particular relates to people's propensity to experience false memories. The present dissertation describes two randomized experiments which attempted to examine a causal link between attachment anxiety and false memories. Furthermore, the present studies attempted to isolate whether attachment anxiety causes false memories during memory maintenance or retrieval processes.
Participants were primed with either (1) high attachment anxiety, (2) low attachment anxiety, or (3) were not primed prior to retrieval (Study 1) or during maintenance (Study 2). The experimental primes had no main effects on false memories in either study. This may indicate that attachment anxiety does not cause false memories during maintenance or reconstruction. However, future research should explore whether attachment anxiety might cause false memories during encoding processes. Alternatively, it may be the case that the priming paradigms used failed to appropriately manipulate participants' attachment security, which would render the present findings ambiguous. Current procedures for priming attachment security and future directions for studying links between attachment anxiety and false memories are discussed.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2018-05-01The student, Nathan Hudson, accepted the attached license on 2016-02-01 at 08:56.The student, Nathan Hudson, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2016-02-01 at 09:04.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2016-02-02 at 10:58.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #9057 on 2016-07-07 at 14:16:01Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-07T21:04:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2016-02-02Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 93217
Lift date: 2018-07-07T21:04:32Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 93217
Lift date: 2018-07-07T21:14:52Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 93217
Lift date: 2018-07-07T21:18:16Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemLimited Restriction Lifted for Item 93217 on 2018-07-08T09:15:36Z
Candidate gene scoring to predict broad adolescent psychopathology
No full textThis Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-04-23 at 10:50.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12412 on 2018-08-31 at 17:30:15Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-04T20:47:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2018-04-23Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107450
Lift date: 2020-09-04T20:47:38Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemCandidate gene effects consistently fail to replicate. However, because it is now known that most genetic effects are incredibly minute, samples of the size typically employed in psychological research were undoubtedly too small to detect the effects of individual candidate genes. In addition, research showing strong genetic correlation among mental disorders suggests data on multiple disorders and their symptoms is the most appropriate for uncovering the etiology of mental illness. That is, single gene, single disorder studies are underpowered. We tested whether the combined effect of 121 candidate genes was sufficient to predict psychopathology in a sample of 343 adolescents. A genetic risk score was created with highly precise effect estimates from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 337,199 people. To maximize the strength of this score, we used transdiagnostic p-factor model scores as our measure of psychopathology. The genetic risk scores failed to predict in our sample and were dwarfed by age and gender effects, mirroring the genes’ weak and mostly non-significant results in the GWAS. Our results are most consistent with the view that the candidate gene approach is obsolete. However, modern molecular genetics studies like GWAS currently lack detailed, thorough phenotype measurement. Future work should focus on developing high quality, deeply phenotyped data currently lacking in large consortia efforts.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2020-05-01The student, Kathryn Schafer, accepted the attached license on 2018-04-20 at 16:54.The student, Kathryn Schafer, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-04-20 at 17:02.Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107450
Lift date: 2020-09-04T20:50:11Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemLimited Restriction Lifted for Item 107450 on 2020-09-05T09:15:20Z
A short measure of sexual self concept
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Previous issue date: 2019-12-13Sexual self-concept (SSC), or the self-evaluation of sexual feelings and behaviors, can influence various health outcomes, such as sexual risk taking and contraceptive use. Much of the research on SSC has been limited to highly specialized samples, and it is not yet widely present in the general social science literature, despite fundamental, far reaching implications of the construct. One likely limiting factor in broader examination of the SSC construct is the perceived complexity. Lack of availability of short measures makes assessment as part of larger batteries relatively impractical. The current study sought to establish the factor structure of a previously developed and validated 100-item, 20-facet measure of SSC (the Multidimensional Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaire, MSSCQ; Snell, 1998) and identify a brief measure suitable for regular inclusion in broader research paradigms. Using cross-validation within an existing online sample (N > 17,000), I performed initial exploratory work, estimating the factor structure of the full measure and identifying items for a short form, in 90% of the original sample (discovery N > 15,000), and subsequently performed confirmatory analyses in the remaining 10% (replication N > 1,500). The analytic approach was preregistered at https://osf.io/zgqvm/. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of the 20 facets suggested that a four-factor structure was present (RMSEA=0.077, TLI=0.88, mean loadings=0.7). I then chose the highest loading items from one-factor confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) within each of the four factors and identified a short form with 16 items (four per factor) with good psychometric properties from item response theory (IRT) evaluations. We performed EFA on the final identified set of 16 items to confirm the maintenance of the four-factor structure in both the discovery sample as well as the set-aside independent replication sample (N > 1,500) I identified and replicated the structure of a short form measure of four factors of SSC in a large online sample. Future research will explore the overlap and differences between SSC and potentially related gender, sexuality, and personality constructs. The availability of an efficient assessment of SSC will allow a greater diversity of research into the development of this critically important, and yet historically under- investigated, identity construct.Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2020-02-28 without embargo termsThe student, Kenzhane Pantin, accepted the attached license on 2019-12-12 at 23:20.The student, Kenzhane Pantin, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-12-12 at 23:36.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-12-13 at 09:23.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14823 on 2020-02-28 at 17:17:1
A short measure of sexual self concept
No full textSexual self-concept (SSC), or the self-evaluation of sexual feelings and behaviors, can influence various health outcomes, such as sexual risk taking and contraceptive use. Much of the research on SSC has been limited to highly specialized samples, and it is not yet widely present in the general social science literature, despite fundamental, far reaching implications of the construct. One likely limiting factor in broader examination of the SSC construct is the perceived complexity. Lack of availability of short measures makes assessment as part of larger batteries relatively impractical. The current study sought to establish the factor structure of a previously developed and validated 100-item, 20-facet measure of SSC (the Multidimensional Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaire, MSSCQ; Snell, 1998) and identify a brief measure suitable for regular inclusion in broader research paradigms. Using cross-validation within an existing online sample (N > 17,000), I performed initial exploratory work, estimating the factor structure of the full measure and identifying items for a short form, in 90% of the original sample (discovery N > 15,000), and subsequently performed confirmatory analyses in the remaining 10% (replication N > 1,500). The analytic approach was preregistered at https://osf.io/zgqvm/. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of the 20 facets suggested that a four-factor structure was present (RMSEA=0.077, TLI=0.88, mean loadings=0.7). I then chose the highest loading items from one-factor confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) within each of the four factors and identified a short form with 16 items (four per factor) with good psychometric properties from item response theory (IRT) evaluations. We performed EFA on the final identified set of 16 items to confirm the maintenance of the four-factor structure in both the discovery sample as well as the set-aside independent replication sample (N > 1,500) I identified and replicated the structure of a short form measure of four factors of SSC in a large online sample. Future research will explore the overlap and differences between SSC and potentially related gender, sexuality, and personality constructs. The availability of an efficient assessment of SSC will allow a greater diversity of research into the development of this critically important, and yet historically under- investigated, identity construct
Incremental validity of character measures over the big five inventory in predicting academic achievement
No full textEducationally contextualized character skills, such as grit, need for cognition, intellectual self-concept, mastery orientation, school value, and growth mindset, are important predictors of academic achievement. Yet, it remains unclear to what extent these proposed measures provide additional theoretical or empirical utility over established measures of general personality, such as the Big Five. Here, we examine whether character measures display incremental validity over and above the Big Five Inventory and measures of cognitive ability when predicting academic performance. Using a large sample (N = 1,054) of 3rd through 8th grade students, we applied structural equation modeling to partition unique and common predictive power of character measures. The results indicate that multiple character measures demonstrate incremental prediction over and above the Big Five Inventory and cognitive ability. The character measures of need for cognition (ΔR2=7.3% over personality, ΔR2=6.4% over personality and cognitive ability) and school value (ΔR2=8.0%, ΔR2=5.6%) displayed the largest incremental validity. Furthermore, the incremental predictive power of character was shared within the domain of character, except for a unique effect of school value. Multiple psychological dimensions are uniquely associated with academic achievement.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-08-01The student, Anqing Zheng, accepted the attached license on 2018-07-18 at 10:43.The student, Anqing Zheng, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-07-18 at 11:07.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-07-19 at 16:17.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12916 on 2018-09-27 at 11:19:24Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-27T16:34:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2018-07-19Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107823
Lift date: 2020-09-27T16:34:29Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 107823 on 2020-09-28T09:15:08Z
Estimating the consistency of individual differences in personality stability using intensive longitudinal data
No full textSubmission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2025-10-20 without embargo termsThe student, Andrew Kirks-Cler, accepted the attached license on 2025-07-24 at 23:19.The student, Andrew Kirks-Cler, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2025-07-24 at 23:47.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2025-07-25 at 13:43.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #22733 on 2025-10-20 at 20:15:47Stability is essential to the definition of personality, as a relatively enduring pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. However, prevalent claims concerning the test-retest stability of personality overlook the possibility that certain individuals may display more stability in their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors across time compared to other individuals. Using intensive longitudinal data collected weekly over 15–16 weeks (N = 2,768; 34,166 observations), this study examines individual differences in short-term personality stability and the temporal consistency of those stability patterns. Participants completed the Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2) or its short form across 12.3 waves on average. We fit a series of mixed-effect, discrete-time models to estimate within-person stability estimates for each participant across 15 Big Five facets. Results revealed heterogeneity in stability: correlations between first-half and second-half stability estimates were weak, ranging from r = –.085 to r = .16. These results indicate that at the level of within-person personality consistency 1) some facets tend to have greater proportions of participants with positive stability (e.g., Emotional Resilience), 2) some individuals are consistently more stable for a specific facet compared to others, and 3) stability is a property of a person’s dynamic psychological system in a specific context, rather than a fixed property of a construct. If supported in well-powered replications, this result would call into question the centrality of stability to personality constructs, potentially suggesting that stability itself is a temporally unstable individual difference. Our findings underscore the importance of moving beyond group-level trends to examine individual trajectories, with implications for theory, measurement, and interventions targeting personality change
Gender expression varies within diverse gender identities in adolescents and adults
No full textSubmission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2026-12-01The student, Brooke Kadel, accepted the attached license on 2024-12-13 at 08:54.The student, Brooke Kadel, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2024-12-13 at 08:54.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2024-12-13 at 10:04.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #21593 on 2025-03-28 at 14:45:06Gender is typically considered in psychological science using limited categorical identities that do not necessarily capture the experiences of gender-diverse people. Gender expression provides a unique way of accounting for variation due to gender by using a continuous measure, which may help give nuance to our understanding of how gender is experienced. This study examines patterns of variance in dimensional measures of gender expression within and between diverse gender identity categories. We compare results across two data sets spanning adolescence and adulthood: the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) dataset, a sample of diverse adolescents throughout the United States (N=10,120), and the POWER relationship study, a survey of adults recruited via social media, oversampled for diverse gender identities and sexual orientations (N=1,405). Across both samples, our results revealed variance in gender expression within categorical gender identities and overlap in gender expression between categories, with less pronounced differences between sexual orientation categories in adults than in adolescents. We find both variation and consistency in gender expression across age cohorts, potentially informing the development of gender expression over time. These results illustrate the importance of recognizing gender as complex spectra to better represent diverse personal experiences
Estimating the magnitude of differential discipline in gender nonconforming youth in the ABCD Study
No full textSubmission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2025-10-19 without embargo termsThe student, Allison Woosley, accepted the attached license on 2025-04-23 at 12:19.The student, Allison Woosley, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2025-04-23 at 12:26.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2025-04-23 at 14:53.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #21917 on 2025-10-19 at 18:10:51Youth receive subtle and overt messages from parents, teachers, and peers regarding what classifies as gender typical behavior. Across early education, these experiences accumulate such that gender minority adolescents report elevated rates of bullying and general hostile school environments. Youth of color and sexual minorities receive heightened surveillance and experience exclusionary discipline (i.e., detentions or suspensions) due to experiences of victimization (e.g., fighting a bully) or minor infractions (e.g., dress code violations), suggesting that students who “stick out” relative to their context may be at risk of receiving differential discipline. The extent to which such evidence generalizes to gender nonconformity or other gender-related social categories (e.g., transgender, nonbinary) is unclear. Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (n = 11,868 adolescents; average age at baseline ≈ 10 years old; followed annually across 4 waves), the present study examined disparities in exclusionary discipline between gender conforming and nonconforming youth. Overall, gender nonconforming youth were less likely to experience exclusionary discipline, but conditional on ever receiving discipline, were suspended more frequently. Further, I found that gender nonconforming youth received a higher number of suspensions for attendance and academic reasons, though they were not more likely to ever be suspended for these reasons. Overall, my results build on past work regarding the relationship between gender and exclusionary discipline by highlighting the contrasting findings between the likelihood of ever receiving a suspension/detention and the total number of suspensions/detentions
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