45 research outputs found
Transferring Social Capital Across Knowledge Domains: The Case of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
No full textNew ‘networked’ modes of innovation increasingly emphasize the need for organizations to rely on external relationships in R&D and bring in knowledge and competences from domains outside the commercial realm. This has created opportunities for individual knowledge workers to function as critical conduits of knowledge and resources across domains of knowledge that are institutionally distant but interdependent - as the science and technology - for the knowledge creation process. The present paper explores how individual researchers accumulate and transfer social capital across these domains to generate novel knowhow. We specifically focus the attention on the structural dimension of social capital. Our empirical analysis is based on a 20-year longitudinal sample of authors, inventors, and author-inventors involved in the emerging field of nanoscience and nanotechnology
After the life sciences strategy: managing science-based R&D collaborations
No full textThis event looked at the challenges of managing academic collaborations in commercial R&D projects in UK life sciences. Speaking at this event were CSOs of some of the UK's leading therapeutic biotechnology firms including Astex Pharmaceuticals, ReNeuron, Summit, and Vernalis. Further perspectives were presented by David T Phillips, Partner at SR One (the corporate venture capital arm of GlaxoSmithKline) and Dave Tapolczay, CEO of MRC Technology. The event was hosted by Louise Marston of NESTA and Simcha Jong, Lecturer in Management Science and Innovation from UCL who discussed his UK Innovation Research Initiative project on the international competitive position of UK R&D-intensive life sciences firms. It was followed by short presentations from the speakers about their experiences with organising science-intensive R&D projects. Support for this event is acknowledged from the Innovation Research Initiative program that is jointly funded by BIS, the TSB, the ESRC, and NESTA
"All is Good, All is One". Rabi Nachman ben Simcha o-Bratslav. His Personality and his Work.
No full text"Vše je dobré, vše je Jedno" Rabi Nachman ben Simcha mi-Braslav Osobnost a dílo "Al lis Good, All is One" Rabi Nachman Ben Simcha of-Bratslav His Personality and his Work Mgr. Tereza Krekulová My thesis deals whith one of the most fascinating and at the same time controversial figures of Hasidic movement rabbi Nahman of Bratslav whose place in the framework of Hasidic spirituality was quite unique. It purpots to depict the features of his mentality and spiritual life which had the strongest influence on his teachings and his self-reflection as the hidden tzaddik of the whole generation with strong messianic aspiration. Both of his works differ very much from the traditional genres of Hasidic literature: his homilies are marked by their enigmatic, associative style and highly complex hermeneutical structure. His stories, unlike traditional Hasidic legend which depicts the life and miraculous deeds of tzaddikim, don't take place in the Jewish surroundings and tzaddik is present in them as their author who puts his words into the mouth of fictitions heroes. My aim was to prove the essential unity of both these works which played the crucial role na Nahman's messianic strivings. The most important conclusion is that the main purpose of both his teachings and stories which he used as material garments (levushim)..."Vše je dobré, vše je Jedno" Rabi Nachman ben Simcha mi-Braslav Mgr. Tereza Krekulová Rabi Nachman ben Simcha z Braslavi (1772 Mezibož - 1810 Uman) patří k nejoriginálnějším a zároveň i nejrozporuplnějším osobnostem chasidského hnutí. Jeho jedinečnost v rámci chasidské spirituality netkví pouze v myšlenkovém obsahu jeho subjektivně, niterně psychologicky zabarveného díla s hlubokým existenciálním přesahem; svébytný byl i jeho způsob komunikace s žáky a především vnímání sebe sama jako skrytě působícího cadika generace (cadik ha-dor) se silnou mesiášskou aspirací. Obě jeho díla se zásadně liší od tradičních žánrů chasidské literatury: homilie se vyznačují nesmírně složitou kompozicí a mnohovrstevnou hermeneutickou strukturou, příběhy na rozdíl od tradiční chasidské legendy vyprávějíci o životě a zázračných skutcích cadikim, nejsou primárně spjaty s židovským prostředím a tradicí a cadik je v nich přítomen jako sám autor promlouvající ke svým posluchačům a čtenářům ústy fiktivních hrdinů. Jak homilie, tak příběhy, sloužily jako materiální roucha nejhlubšího mystického poznání, jehož skryté zjevování rabi Nachman - v návaznosti na Šim'ona ben Jochaj - pokládal za jeden z hlavních způsobů, jimž cadik ha-dor naplňuje svoji ústřední roli v díle individuální i univerzální spásy. Svým učením i příběhy rabi Nachman...HTF - Ústav židovských studiíHussite Theological FacultyHusitská teologická fakult
"All is Good, All is One". Rabi Nachman ben Simcha o-Bratslav. His Personality and his Work.
No full text"Vše je dobré, vše je Jedno" Rabi Nachman ben Simcha mi-Braslav Osobnost a dílo "Al lis Good, All is One" Rabi Nachman Ben Simcha of-Bratslav His Personality and his Work Mgr. Tereza Krekulová My thesis deals whith one of the most fascinating and at the same time controversial figures of Hasidic movement rabbi Nahman of Bratslav whose place in the framework of Hasidic spirituality was quite unique. It purpots to depict the features of his mentality and spiritual life which had the strongest influence on his teachings and his self-reflection as the hidden tzaddik of the whole generation with strong messianic aspiration. Both of his works differ very much from the traditional genres of Hasidic literature: his homilies are marked by their enigmatic, associative style and highly complex hermeneutical structure. His stories, unlike traditional Hasidic legend which depicts the life and miraculous deeds of tzaddikim, don't take place in the Jewish surroundings and tzaddik is present in them as their author who puts his words into the mouth of fictitions heroes. My aim was to prove the essential unity of both these works which played the crucial role na Nahman's messianic strivings. The most important conclusion is that the main purpose of both his teachings and stories which he used as material garments (levushim)..
How Organizational Structures in Science Shape Spin-Off Firms: The Biochemistry Departments of Berkeley, Stanford, and Ucsf and the Birth of the Biotech Industry
No full textThis article examines how the organizational capabilities of academic spin-off firms in new industries are shaped by the organization of the research communities in universities from which these spin-off firms emerge. Contrasting the organization of research in the biochemistry departments of the University of California at Berkeley (Berkeley), Stanford University (Stanford), and the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF) and key biotech firms spun-off from these departments, this article attempts to explain the central role UCSF scientists played in comparison with their Berkeley and Stanford counterparts, in the formation and development of the biotech industry in the San Francisco region during the late 1970s and early 1980s. It is demonstrated how the research environment at UCSF during this period positioned UCSF scientists comparatively well to identify in the context of their research new technological opportunities in therapeutic product markets and pursue these opportunities in the industrial research environment of the biotech industry. Finally, drawing parallels between this study on the role of UCSF in the formation of the San Francisco biotech industry and other studies on the role of Stanford in the formation of the Silicon Valley high-tech electronics industry, this article attempts to infer some general insights into the institutional dynamics that give rise to new science-based industries
High-Fidelity Cyber and Physical Simulation of Water Distribution Systems. I: Models and Data
No full textNumerical simulation models are a fundamental tool for planning and managing smart water networks-an evolution of water distribution systems in which physical assets are monitored and controlled by information and communication technologies. While simulation models allow us to understand the interactions between physical processes and abstract control strategies, they ignore key implementation aspects of distributed control systems, such as the required communication over digital links. As a result, the effects of anomalies and faults in the communication on the process control cannot be investigated with existing tools. In this work, we fill this gap by introducing DHALSIM (Digital HydrAuLic SIMulator), a numerical modelling platform combining EPANET-based process simulation with a network and host emulation environment, offering a high-fidelity representation of the processes occurring in the cyber domain. We illustrate DHALSIM's key functionalities by implementing it on a benchmark water distribution system, present case studies of simulated network traffic, and demonstrate how anomalies in the behavior of the communication network affect the process data received by the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) server. In a companion paper, we further illustrate how DHALSIM enables research opportunities in the domain of cyber-physical security. The easily customizable and open source DHALSIM provides a "workbench" for studying smart water networks, developing digital twins, and designing a broad spectrum of engineering solutions
Academic organizations and new industrial fields: Berkeley and Stanford after the rise of biotechnology
No full textThe increasing intertwining of academic and commercial research networks has led to fundamental changes in the organization of modern science. Industry links not only affect the professional dynamics within individual scholarly communities but also affect the position of these communities in their broader academic environment. This paper outlines how industry ties open up opportunities for scientific institution builders to strengthen the legitimacy of their fields of scientific enquiry within this environment. How an academic environment shapes efforts by institution-builders to pursue these opportunities is examined in the context of reorganizations in the life sciences at the University of California at Berkeley and Stanford University following the rise of biotechnology during the 1980s and 1990s. This study also highlights how different models of technology transfer shaped the organizational structures of the expansionist initiatives pushed through at these two universities by molecular biologists with close industry ties.
The Development of Munich and Cambridge Therapeutic Biotech Firms: A Case Study of Institutional Adaptation
No full text
The Development of Minich and Cambridge Therapeutic Biotech Firms: A Case Study of Institutional Adaptation
No full textDefying institutional stereotypes which state that the German capitalist model does not support the formation of entrepreneurial high tech industries in technologically disruptive markets, Munich entrepreneurs have succeeded in building up a significant biotech industry since the late 1990s. Using recruitment, citation and financial data this paper contrasts the development of therapeutic biotech firms founded after 1993 in Munich and Cambridge and analyzes how despite their comparative institutional disadvantages, Munich’s biotech firms have been able to develop the capabilities required to deal with a biotech firm’s key organizational challenges. This paper’s findings shed valuable insights on the mechanisms through which entrepreneurs in new industries are able defy national institutional settings that could constrain the development of key organizational capabilities and find alternative institutional paths to sustain the development of their firms
