101 research outputs found
Urinary neopterin concentrations and T-cell subset data in HIV-1 infection
No full textReibnegger G, Fuchs D, Goedert JJ, et al. Urinary neopterin concentrations and T-cell subset data in HIV-1 infection. Journal of Molecular Medicine. 1990;68(1):43-48.We investigated the ability of urinary neopterin concentrations and T-cell subset data, and their ratios to discriminate between anti-HIV-1 seronegatives, seropositives, and AIDS cases. Using receiver-operated-characteristics curves, neopterin levels were shown to provide the best discrimination. Of the ratios derived from the single variables, neopterin per CD4+ cell counts and neopterin per CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio were superior to the CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio. Multivariate analyses were performed using a generalized likelihood ratio approach as well as linear discriminant analysis. The combination of neopterin concentration and CD4+ T-cell count is well suited to discriminate between various stages of HIV-1 infection and, therefore, we recommend using more than one assay to evaluate disease progression
Correction: Author Correction: Neurons and neuronal activity control gene expression in astrocytes to regulate their development and metabolism
No full textNature Communications 8: Article number: 15132 (2017); Published: 2 May 2017; Updated: 6 February 2018 Michel Goedert, who developed the Thy1-P301S transgenic mouse, was inadvertently omitted from the Acknowledgments section of this Article. The Acknowledgements should have included the following: ‘We thank Michel Goedert for providing the Thy1-P301S transgenic mouse that was used in this study.</jats:p
Elasmobranch egg capsules associated with modern and ancient cold seeps: a nursery for marine deep-water predators
No full textAt 2 modern deep-water cold-seep sites, the North Alex Mud Volcano (eastern Mediterranean Sea, water depth ~500 m) and the Concepción Methane Seep Area (south-east Pacific Ocean, water depth ~700 m), we found abundant catshark (Chondrichthyes: Scylio - rhinidae) and skate (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae) egg capsules, respectively, associated with carbonates and tubeworms. Fossilized catshark egg capsules were found at the 35 million year old Bear River Cold-Seep Deposit (Washington State, USA) closely associated with remains of tubeworms and sponges. We suggest that cold-seep ecosystems have served as nurseries for predatory elasmobranch fishes since at least late Eocene time and therewith possibly play an important role for the functioning of deep-water ecosystems
Immunologic markers of progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are time-dependent and illness-specific
No full textKrämer A, Biggar RJ, Hampl H, et al. Immunologic markers of progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are time-dependent and illness-specific. American Journal of Epidemiology. 1992;136(1):71-80.Since prevalent cohorts may be biased by the duration of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (onset bias), it is useful to assess the potential predictive value of markers in incident cohorts of HIV-positive subjects for whom the date of seroconversion is known or can reliably be estimated. Of 131 homosexual men with HIV-1 seroconversion from New York City and Washington, DC, who were evaluated annually beginning in 1982, 60 developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) by the end of 1989. The prognostic significance of immunologic markers (proportion of CD4+ T-lymphocytes, neopterin, ß2-microglobulin, serum interferon, and anti-p24 antibody) and of a virologic marker (HIV p24 antigen) was determined using measurements made at defined time intervals after the known or estimated date of HIV seroconversion. When measurements made 3 years after seroconversion were used, all markers except anti-p24 antibody were found to be significant estimators of AIDS risk in univariate analyses. In multivariate Cox regression modeling, the maximum information was obtained by including neopterin, interferon, and the CD4+ T-lymphocyte proportion. The predictive value of markers after HIV seroconversion could change considerably from one interval to another. Elevated levels of ß2-microglobulin and neopterin significantly predicted the development of Kaposi‘s sarcoma. These two markers were highly correlated (r=0. 74). The authors conclude that immunologic markers can be important for an HIV staging system for estimating prognosis and facilitating early therapeutic intervention in HIV-positive patients
Bone-Eating Worms Spread: Insights into Shallow-Water Osedax (Annelida, Siboglinidae) from Antarctic, Subantarctic, and Mediterranean Waters
No full text0000-0002-7993-1523© 2015 Taboada et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License [4.0], which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The attached file is the published version of the article.NHM Repositor
Beirut House of Fashion: Fashion Creation Office: centre providing workspaces & resources to support the rebirth of Beirut's fashion ecosystem
No full textOnce, counting as an important banking hub and capital for fashion design within the Arabian countries, Beirut’s favourable economic positioning was weakened by social unrests, political standstill, and economic volatility. Beirut’s population has been facing severe socioeconomic challenges for the past decades, also reflected in the fashion industry. This thesis aims to analyse how workspaces can be reimagined and redesigned toward a future-proof fashion industry in Beirut.The destruction of infrastructure due to the Port Blast in 2020, and the last aspect of a triple crisis, forces local designers to adapt their hitherto habits and seek alternative economic opportunities in order to sustain the country’s fashion industry. As a result, ongoing changes have been observed in Beirut in the way businesses operate and how people perform their work: telecommuting and remote work became a daily routine leading to a need for a reimagination of workspaces. Ever since the outbreak of COVID-19, these tendencies have been increasingly observed global-wide.The proposed building “Fashion Creation Office” will function as a centre for local fashion designers and entrepreneurs that seek to operate within the Lebanese economy while tackling social and environmental issues. Functioning as a spatial incubator, the building will become a place of exchange where talented people are given the opportunity to launch and realize innovations and business ideas that enhance the sustainable rebuilding of the Lebanese economy. Identifying the spatial needs of start-up entrepreneurs and designers, the building will incorporate the architectural answer of how the workspace will evaluate in the future with the fashion industry functioning as a case study.Complex Projects BeirutArchitecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Complex Project
Architectural Transformation of Luxembourg City during the 1960s: Politico-economic influence on the architectural and urban development of Luxembourg and its representation as a European city
No full textDuring the 1950s and 1960s, Luxembourg underwent a major economic-political transformation that allowed the country to position itself as an internationally recognised financial hub and centre for European affairs. The degree of influence that this economic- political evolution of Luxembourg had on the architectural and urban development of Luxembourg City marks the focal point of this thesis. Two iconic projects realised during the 1960s serve as case studies: The Grande-Duchesse Charlotte Bridge that functioned as the cornerstone of the city's urban expansion, and the Alcide-de-Gasperi Tower, which represents Luxembourg's integration into European affairs. The architectural and urban transformation during the 60s in Luxembourg City, was mainly driven by the political integration into European affairs, aiming to fulfil the city’s role as European capital. Fuelled by the rivalry between the three European capitals Brussels, Luxembourg and Strasbourg, architecture served as a political national branding tool, resulting in international recognition and economic growth.With its participation in the European Union, Luxembourg needed to create a strong image and international recognition, supported by its architectural infrastructure. Today, the European project is still incessantly growing, and Luxembourg as one of its capital cities is required to grow synchronously and adapt it’s image to contemporary ideologies. At the core of Luxembourgish politics remains the ambition to modernise the city's infrastructure in order to perpetuate its strong position within the European Union.AR2A011Architectural History ThesisArchitecture, Urbanism and Building Science
Tau pathology is present in vivo and develops in vitro in sensory neurons from human P301S Tau transgenic mice : a system for screening drugs against tauopathies
No full textIntracellular tau aggregates are the neuropathological hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and cases of frontotemporal dementia, but the link between these aggregates and neurodegeneration remains unclear. Neuronal models recapitulating the main features of tau pathology are necessary to investigate the molecular mechanisms of tau malfunction, but current models show little and inconsistent spontaneous tau aggregation. We show that dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in transgenic mice expressing human P301S tau (P301S-htau) develop tau pathology similar to that found in brain and spinal cord and a significant reduction in mechanosensation occurs before detectable fibrillar tau formation. DRG neuronal cultures established from adult P301S-htau mice at different ages retained the pattern of aberrant tau found in vivo. Moreover, htau became progressively hyperphosphorylated over 2 months in vitro beginning with nonsymptomatic neurons, while hyperphosphorylated P301S-htau-positive neurons from 5-month-old mice cultured for 2 months died preferentially. P301S-htau-positive neurons grew aberrant axons, including spheroids, typically found in human tauopathies. Neurons cultured at advanced stages of tau pathology showed a 60% decrease in the fraction of moving mitochondria. SEG28019, a novel O-GlcNAcase inhibitor, reduced steady-state pSer396/pSer404 phosphorylation over 7 weeks in a significant proportion of DRG neurons showing for the first time the possible beneficial effect of prolonged dosing of O-GlcNAcase inhibitor in vitro. Our system is unique in that fibrillar tau forms without external manipulation and provides an important new tool for understanding the mechanisms of tau dysfunction and for screening of compounds for treatment of tauopathies.Peer reviewe
The oldest mysticete in the Northern Hemisphere
No full text<p><span>Extant baleen whales (Mysticeti) use the characteristic keratinous baleen for filter-feeding without functional dentition, but the fossil record clearly shows that “toothed” baleen whales have been around since the late Eocene.</span><span><sup>1</sup></span><span> Globally, only two Eocene mysticetes have been found, and both are from the Southern Hemisphere: <em>Mystacodon selenensis </em>from Peru, 36.4 Ma</span><span><sup>1,2</sup></span><span> and <em>Llanocetus denticrenatus </em>from Antarctica, 34.2 Ma.</span><span><sup>3,4</sup></span><span> Based on a partial skull from the lower part of the Lincoln Creek Formation in Washington State, USA, we describe the geochronologically earliest mysticete, <em>Fucaia humilis</em> sp. nov., in the Northern Hemisphere. Our fieldwork and careful geological age control places <em>Fucaia humilis</em> sp. nov. in the latest Eocene (ca. 34 Ma, near the Eocene/Oligocene transition at 33.9 Ma), approximately coeval with the oldest record of fossil kelps.<sup>5,6</sup> This observation leads to our hypothesis that the origin and development of a relatively stable, nutrient-rich kelp ecosystem</span><span><sup>5,6</sup></span><span> in the latest Eocene may have fostered the radiation of small-sized aetiocetids in the North Pacific basin, a stark contrast to the larger llanocetids with the onset of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current in the latest Eocene in the Southern Hemisphere.</span><span><sup>7-9</sup></span><span> Our discovery then suggests that disparate mechanisms and ecological scenarios may have nurtured contrasting early mysticete evolutionary histories between two hemispheres.</span></p>
Mindfulness and Prosocial Behavior: A Study of the Light Triad of Personality Traits
No full textThis study examines the relationship between mindfulness and a constellation of prosocial features known as the Light Triad. The past twenty years of psychological research has seen many studies confirming the benefits of mindfulness regarding the psychological health of individuals, but little research has been done to suggest the potential social benefits imparted by mindful qualities of awareness. This study proposes that as an individual’s capacity for mindfulness increases, so too does the degree of prosocial light triad traits, particularly an individual\u27s tendency to treat others as intrinsically valuable. In addition to these aims, the author of this study explores potential relationships between an individual\u27s competency regarding self care and their perceived purpose in life with scores on the Light Triad Scale. This study submits that both individuals\u27 quality of self care and purpose in life will be positively correlated with results on the Light Triad Scale. This study recruited 100 students from Northeastern Illinois University
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