1,721,101 research outputs found
EXPLORING THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL-INTELLIGENCE, LOGIC PROGRAMMING, AND COMPUTER-AIDED SYMBOLIC MANIPULATION IN COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS .1. THE MATHEMATICAL STRUCTURE OF PHASE-TRANSITION THEORY
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Spoken conversational context improves query auto-completion in web search
No full textWeb searches often originate from conversations in which people engage before they perform a search. Therefore, conversations can be a valuable source of context with which to support the search process. We investigate whether spoken input from conversations can be used as a context to improve query auto-completion. We model the temporal dynamics of the spoken conversational context preceding queries and use these models to re-rank the query auto-completion suggestions. Data were collected from a controlled experiment and comprised conversations among 12 participant pairs conversing about movies or traveling. Search query logs during the conversations were recorded and temporally associated with the conversations. We compared the effects of spoken conversational input in four conditions: a control condition without contextualization; an experimental condition with the model using search query logs; an experimental condition with the model using spoken conversational input; and an experimental condition with the model using both search query logs and spoken conversational input. We show the advantage of combining the spoken conversational context with the Web-search context for improved retrieval performance. Our results suggest that spoken conversations provide a rich context for supporting information searches beyond current user-modeling approaches
Evaluating an automatic rotation feature in collaborative tabletop workspaces
No full textTabletops are commonly used for collaboration but would benefit from features that help orient objects to individual users disposed around the display. We propose an approach of automatic orientation based on fingers and hand detection as a proxy to determine the position of the user. To contribute to the discussion of the relevance of automatic rotation, we present a comparison study of pairs of participants engaged in both loosely and tightly coupled tasks. We collected performance measures, questionnaires and analyze interactions from video recordings. The results show that automatic rotation is more suitable when the collaboration is loosely coupled. Conversely, in tightly coupled tasks performance are worse and user ratings low when automatic rotations are enabled. We conclude that features such as automatic orientation on tabletop are important and promising but that they need to be critically assessed with respect to their effects on collaboration in both tightly and loosely coupled tasks
QueryTogether: Enabling entity-centric exploration in multi-device collaborative search
Get PDFCollaborative and co-located information access is becoming increasingly common. However, fairly little attention has been devoted to the design of ubiquitous computing approaches for spontaneous exploration of large information spaces enabling co-located collaboration. We investigate whether an entity-based user interface provides a solution to support co-located search on heterogeneous devices. We present the design and implementation of QueryTogether, a multi-device collaborative search tool through which entities such as people, documents, and keywords can be used to compose queries that can be shared to a public screen or specific users with easy touch enabled interaction. We conducted mixed-methods user experiments with twenty seven participants (nine groups of three people), to compare the collaborative search with QueryTogether to a baseline adopting established search and collaboration interfaces. Results show that QueryTogether led to more balanced contribution and search engagement. While the overall s-recall in search was similar, in the QueryTogether condition participants found most of the relevant results earlier in the tasks, and for more than half of the queries avoided text entry by manipulating recommended entities. The video analysis demonstrated a more consistent common ground through increased attention to the common screen, and more transitions between collaboration styles. Therefore, this provided a better fit for the spontaneity of ubiquitous scenarios. QueryTogether and the corresponding study demonstrate the importance of entity based interfaces to improve collaboration by facilitating balanced participation, flexibility of collaboration styles and social processing of search entities across conversation and devices. The findings promote a vision of collaborative search support in spontaneous and ubiquitous multi-device settings, and better linking of conversation objects to searchable entities
Mobile implementation of a web 3D carousel with touch input
No full textMobile devices such as the iPhone provide state of the art interaction capabilities also for web browser applications. Our mobile development is targeted to a Energy Awareness application that provides playful access to detailed and realtime information on energy consumption of appliances of a household. Using the available Safari Browser that adopts W3C web standards we demonstrate the implementation of a 3D carousel giving access to cards on a web page where each card gives access to information on one appliance. The carousel can be browsed using the multitouch capability of the iPhone. We describe the programming approach and discuss the lesson learned in developing the touch interaction with the carousel
The expediency of bad habits: Why “inefficient” practices can play a positive role in transformative interventions for sustainable consumption
No full textWaste of resources is usually on the spot in software applications for residential sustainability, whose intervention model consists of detecting excessive consumption and helping the consumer reduce it. Excessive (and then ginefficient') consumption, however, is more than a foe to track down and defeat: It reveals where sustainability collides with other priorities and constraints of the user. In the present paper, we discuss the hidden value of "inefficient"practices with the help of data from qualitative and quantitative studies conducted by the authors. We conclude suggesting how 'bad habits' could offer valuable insights to inform transformative interventions in line with the current emphasis on users' empowerment
Symbiotic Interaction. 5th International Workshop, Symbiotic 2016, Padua, Italy, September 29–30, 2016, Revised Selected Papers
No full textThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Symbiotic Interaction, Symbiotic 2016, held in Padua, Italy, in October 2016.
The 12 full papers and 3 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 23 submissions. The idea of symbiotic systems put forward in this workshop capitalizes on the computers’ ability to implicitly detect the users goals, preferences or/and psycho-physiological states and thereby enhancing human-computer interaction (HCI). The papers present an overview of the symbiotic relationships between humans and computers with emphasis on user-driven research on symbiotic systems, adaptive systems, implicit input data, physiological computing and BCI, but also on understanding the nature of the interdependence and agency between computers and humans more broadl
First principles calculations of vacancy–vacancy interactions in nickel: thermal expansion effects
Get PDFThe energetic properties of the divacancy defect in fcc nickel are studied by ab initio calculations based on density functional theory. The formation and binding enthalpies of the divacancy in the first (1nn), second (2nn) and third (3nn) nearest-neighbor configurations are presented. Results show that the 1nn divacancy configuration is the most stable with a formation enthalpy H2vf of 2.71 eV and a small binding energy H2vb of 0.03 eV. In the 2nn configuration, the monovacancy–monovacancy interaction is repulsive, and it vanishes in the 3nn configuration. The migration process of the divacancy in its stable configuration is studied. We find that the divacancy migrates in the (111) plane by successive rotational steps of 60°. The corresponding migration enthalpy H2vm is predicted to be 0.59 eV, about half of that found for the monovacancy. For a better comparison of our results with high temperature experimental data, we have analyzed the effects of thermal expansion. Our results show that the inclusion of thermal expansion allows us to reproduce satisfactorily the experimental predictions
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