1,603 research outputs found
J.C. Bach's London keyboard sonatas : style and context
No full textJ. C. Bach's keyboard works include several sets of accompanied sonatas, a genre that enjoyed a wide popularity during the Classical era, but never
found its way into the concert repertoire. The accompanied sonata was a genre meant for domestic performance; the solo keyboard sonata, on
the other hand, was adopted in due course by concert audiences. J. C. Bach composed works within both genres during most of his productive years, and his output constitutes a corpus of remarkable consistency. J. C. Bach's removal to London in 1762 coincided with his clear adoption of a galant style, marked by the Italianate influence, and the abandonment of most Baroque traits. The British milieu provided additional factors: the rise of the pianoforte, a thriving music-publishing market, and a great interest in domestic music making among the affluent classes. These factors marked J. C. Bach's output at various levels. Keyboard works had to conform to the proficiency of the amateur performer, a
fact reflected in the accompanied output mostly. The number of movements, their length, and the inclusion of particular technical devices are readily observable differences between the two genres. The most remarkable
distinction lies perhaps in the preference for binary sonata format in the accompanied. sonatas from the mid 1760s to the 1770s, in spite of a later tendency for tripartite designs in both genres. J. C. Bach's lifelong preference for motivic phrase structure conditioned his keyboard production and partly explains the gap in quality between some of his works and sonatas composed around the same time by Haydn and Mozart, who developed more effective means to connect the melodic material
to higher structural units. J. C. Bach's influence, however, endured in Mozart's handling of melody, and his keyboard production constitutes, in spite of some flaws, a noteworthy example of elegance and craftsmanship
Duchenne muscular dystrophy: continuous noninvasive ventilatory support prolongs survival
No full textOBJECTIVE: To describe survival outcomes with noninvasive ventilation (NIV) for full ventilatory support, and a mechanically assisted cough and oximetry protocol in a series of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
METHODS: We monitored end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2), SpO2, vital capacity, maximum insufflation capacity, and cough peak flow. Nocturnal NIV was initiated for symptomatic hypoventilation. An oximeter and mechanically assisted cough device were prescribed when the pa- tient’s maximum assisted cough peak flow fell below 300 L/min. Patients used up to continuous NIV and mechanically assisted cough to return SpO2 to > 95% during intercurrent respiratory infections or as otherwise needed. We recorded respiratory and cardiac hospitalizations and mortality, and quantified survival by duration of continuous NIV dependence (ie, unable to maintain oxygenation without the ventilator).
RESULTS: With advancing Duchenne muscular dystrophy, 101 nocturnal-only NIV users extended their NIV use throughout the daytime hours and required it continuously for 7.4 +- 6.1 years to 30.1 +- 6.1 years of age, with 56 patients still alive. Twenty-six of the 101 became continuously dependent without requiring hospitalization. Eight tracheostomized users were decannulated to NIV. Thirty-one consecutive unweanable intubated patients were extubated to NIV plus mechanically assisted cough. Of the 67 deaths (including 8 patients who died from heart failure before requiring ventilator use), 34 (52%) were probably cardiac, 14 (21%) were probably respiratory, and 19 (27%) were of unknown or other etiology.
CONCLUSIONS: Continuous NIV along with mechanically assisted cough and oximetry as needed can prolong life and obviate tracheotomy in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Unweanable patients can be decannulated and extubated to NIV plus mechanically assisted cough.Peer reviewe
Paul Bach-y-Rita, neuroscience's forgotten genius
No full textThesis: S.M. in Science Writing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Humanities, Graduate Program in Science Writing, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Vita.Includes bibliographical references (pages 24-29).Dr. Paul Bach-y-Rita was a visionary neuroscientist and an early pioneer of the theory of neuroplasticity. He is the father of sensory substitution, a field which explores how one sensory modality can be transferred to another. This work culminated in the invention of the Brainport, a device that transmits information through electrodes on the tongue. Bach-y- Rita's company, Wicab, developed two versions of the Brainport. One uses visual information to reveal the sighted world to the blind; another uses body alignment information to help "wobblers" (individuals with vestibular conditions) navigate. The author received exclusive access to Bach-y-Rita's unpublished memoirs. These papers-supplemented by visits to Bach-y-Rita's home in Wisconsin and personal interviews with his family and colleagues-help tell the story of a revolutionary technology that failed to reach the public who needed it.by Aviva Hope Rutkin.S.M. in Science Writin
Respiratory muscle aids to avert respiratory failure and tracheostomy: a new patient management paradigm
No full textAn April 2010 consensus of clinicians from 22 centers in 18 countries reported 1,623 spinal muscular atrophy type 1, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis noninvasive intermittent positive pressure ventilatory support users, of whom 760 developed continuous dependence that prolonged their survival by more than 3,000 patient-years without tracheostomies. Four of the centers routinely extubated unweanable patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, so that none of their more than 250 such patients has undergone tracheotomy. This article describes the manner in which this is accomplished; that is, the use of noninvasive inspiratory and expiratory muscle aids to prevent ventilatory failure and to permit the extubation and tracheostomy tube decannulation of patients with no autonomous ability to breathe (ie, who are “unweanable” from ventilator support). Noninvasive airway pressure aids can provide up to continuous ventilatory support for patients with little or no vital capacity and can provide for effective cough flows for patients with severely dysfunctional expiratory muscles.Peer reviewe
Portrait of Marcus Bach
No full textPortrait depicts Marcus Bach, noted author and philosopher and educator of religious studies
Investigating Performer Uniqueness: The Case of Jascha Heifetz
No full textThis thesis is based on the conviction that the greatest musical performers of history can and should be granted the same level of academic scrutiny and study as is so often received by the greatest composers. Composers had the early advantage of producing durable manuscripts, while performers prior to the age of recording were unable to leave more than impressions in the minds of those who heard them. With the recent successes of numerous investigations into performance and recordings, including the CHARM and CMPCP projects, such studies are becoming ever more viable and significant.
The thesis focuses on the violinist Jascha Heifetz (1901-1987) and primarily his performances of the Bach solo violin works (BWV 1001-1006). While there have been studies of individual pieces, of particular performers, and of multiple recordings of the same piece, a study focussing on specific repertoire played by a specific performer is something that has been somewhat overlooked in the literature. The thesis draws on numerous methods to distil what is distinctive and unique about Heifetz. This includes an examination of what and how the performer played, why the performer played that way, and how that way of playing compares to other performers. The study concludes with a discussion of Heifetz’s unique performer profile in the context of violin performance history.
Focussing on one of the most famous and successful performing musicians of the twentieth century along with some of the most frequently played pieces, this case study will suggest research methods and approaches transferable to related studies. The thesis draws on original interviews with former Heifetz students, friends, and colleagues, and on over thirteen months of archival research in the Jascha Heifetz Collection held by the Library of Congress. This array of previously untapped material aided the analytical and empirical investigations into Heifetz’s uniqueness
Bach Organ Works
No full text55 p.Discusses the style, history, and interpretation of the Bach organ works performed by the author. Includes a program for the recital at Stetson Chapel performed by the author on Sunday, January 8, 1967.Preface -- List of Tables -- Introduction -- Part A: The Major Works -- The Dorian Toccata -- Trio Sonata IV, in E-Minor -- Fantasia and Fugue in G- Minor -- Part B: The Chorale-Preludes -- The Orgelbüchlein -- Nun Komm', der Heiden Heiland -- Wo Soll Ich Fliechen Hin -- Bibliography
Change and invariance in EU aggregate financial statement data
No full textAggregate accounting data from the BACH data base for European manufacturing companies is used to explore the nature of the differences in financial structure between eleven countries in the European Union over the period 1986-1999. The analysis relies on scaling methods, which visualise the most important features of the data and their dynamic evolution. It is found that there is a geographical divide in the EU, which appears to be related to company profitability and staff cost structure. The differences between countries are influenced by the economic cycle, being more accentuated in periods of low economic activity
Die verwitwete Frau Capellmeisterin Bach: Studie über die Verteilung des Nachlasses von Johann Sebastian Bach Eberhard Spree
No full textIn his book, Eberhard Spree challenges our received knowledge about the life of Bach’s second wife, Anna Magdalena Bach (1701–60). Since Philipp Spitta’s monumental biography Johann Sebastian Bach of 1880, Anna Magdalena is said to have lived and died in poverty during the ten years after her husband’s death. Spree proves otherwise.The author is a double bassist in the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra. His musicological pursuit began in 2010 when his friend the geologist and photographer Jens Kugler told Spree about multiple entries for Bach in rediscovered manuscripts of the Freiberg Mining Archive in Saxony. The manuscripts are registers for a silver mine called the ‘Ursula Erbstollen’, about 50 miles south-east of Leipzig. These documents record the sale of ‘Kux’ (parts or shares of the mine) sold to investors (‘Gewerke’) who, to retain ownership of their shares, had to pay a subscription to cover the mine’s running costs. Upon careful study, Spree found that Bach was a subscribing shareholder in the silver mine at various periods, notably between 1741 and 1744, and again from 1746 until the time of his death. Prior to publishing his book, Spree shared his research in Bach publications such as Understanding Bach (‘Johann Sebastian Bach and the Ursula Erbstollen’, 8 (2013), 145–53), laying out his findings in full in his 2017 doctoral thesis. Die verwitwete Frau Capellmeisterin Bach is the book version of this thesis
4. Passion in the Work of Johann Sebastian Bach
No full textPassions are exceptionally important in the works of Johann Sebastian Bach. His passion compositions are based particularly on Luther’s reformation, chiefly on developmental tendency which is based on the works of Johann Walter, Hans Leo Hassler and Michael Praetorius. The most significant forerunner of J. S. Bach was Heinrich Schütz. J. S. Bach’s textual aspect is aimed at the model of passion oratorio the main representative of which was a librettist Heinrich Brockes who worked in Hamburg. The interesting fact is that before the arrival of J. S. Bach, in 1723, there was no long tradition of passions in Leipzig. They were performed there in 1721 for the first time. J. S. Bach is demonstrably the author of the two passions: St Matthew Passion BWV 244 and St John Passion BWV 245. The authorship of Johann Sebastian Bach in St. Lukas Passion BWV 246 is strongly called into question and from St Mark Passion BWV 24 only the text was preserved
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