3,040 research outputs found
Reliability characteristics and applicability of a repeated sprint ability test in male young soccer players
No full textCastagna, C, Lorenzo, F, Krustrup, P, Fernandes-da-Silva, J, Po ́ voas, SCA, Bernardini, A, and D’Ottavio, S. Reliability charac- teristics and applicability of a repeated sprint ability test in male young soccer players. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2017—The aim of this study was to examine the usefulness and reliability characteristics of a repeated sprint ability test consider- ing 5 line sprints of 30 m interspersed with 30 seconds of active recovery in nonelite, outfield, young, male soccer players. Twenty- six (age, 14.9 6 1.2 years; height, 1.72 6 0.12 cm; body mass, 62.2 6 5.1 kg) players were tested 48 hours and 7 days apart for 5 3 30-m performance over 5 trials (T1–T5). Short-term (T1–T2) and long-term (T1–T3–T4–T5) reliabilities were assessed with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and with typical error for measurement (TEM). Short- and long-term reliability ICCs and TEMs for total sprint time and best sprint performance were nearly perfect and satisfactory, respectively. Usefulness (as smallest worthwhile change and TEM ratio) resulted acceptable (i.e., = 1) and good (i.e., .1) for total sprint time and best sprint perfor- mance, respectively. The present study revealed that the 5 3 30-m sprint test is a reliable field test in short and long terms when the sum of sprint times and the best sprint performance are considered as outcome variables. Sprint performance decre- ments variables showed large variability across trials
Medicina interna sistematica. Con CD-ROM Castagna, A; Rugarli C; capitolo 90 - Malattie Infettive - Principi generali
No full textA donor-acceptor Stenhouse adduct active in neuronal GABAARs and photoswitchable in water
No full text(PO 8) Donor-acceptor Stenhouse adducts are a rapidly emerging class of photochromic compounds whose conformation can be efficiently switched using visible and nearinfrared light. Over the last year, the switching mechanism of DASA has been extensively studied. However, the use of these compounds in water has been hampered by a spontaneous and irreversible conversion to a non photoactive form. The difficulty of using DASAs in water is even more disappointing since they are native red absorbing photoswitching, quality that is widely appreciated in the field of photopharmacology. This field combines a pharmacological approach with the use of light to enable spatio-temporal control of biological processes and drug action. To date, photopharmacology has been extensively used to manipulate biological activity at the cellular level by targeting ion channels, G protein-coupled receptors, enzymes and protein–protein interactions [1,2]. In order to reduce phototoxicity of light used in photopharmacology, low-energy light (i.e. red light) should be used (less scattering in tissue and deeper penetration in the body) and red-absorbing photodrugs need to be designed. To this end, here, we present the molecular design of a novel γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs) ligand derivative based on the DASA scaffold that displays photochromic properties with red light and is active in neuronal GABAARs [3].
References
1. Eli, S.; Castagna, R.; Mapelli, M.; Parisini, E. Front. Mol. Biosci. 2022, 9, 841777.
2. Castagna, R.; Kolarski, D.; Cuttoli, R. D.-d.; Maleeva, G. J. Mol. Neurosci. 2022, 72, 1433.
3. Castagna, R.; Maleeva, G.; Pirovano, D.; Matera, C.; Gorostiza, P. chemRxiv 2022. doi:10.26434/ chemrxiv-2022-0ps7
Ecological and Construct Validity of a Repeated Sprint Test in Male Youth Soccer Players
No full textFernandes-Da-Silva, J, Castagna, C, Teixeira, AS, Carminatti, LJ, Francini, L, Póvoas, SCA, and Antonacci Guglielmo, LG. Ecological and construct validity of a repeated sprint test in male youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2019-This study aimed to examine the relationship between a repeated sprint ability (RSA) test (5 bouts of 30-m sprints interspersed by 30 seconds of recovery) and match-related physical performance in male youth soccer players. Although 60 outfield players were evaluated, only data from players who participated in the full matches (n = 39) were retained (8 central defenders, 7 external defenders, 8 central midfielders, 8 external midfielders, and 8 forwards). To verify the ecological validity of this RSA protocol, the association between the best (RSAbest) and mean (RSAmean) sprint time in the 5 × 30-m and physical match performance during friendly youth soccer games was examined. Physical match demands were assessed using global positioning system technology (10 Hz) considering distance covered in selected arbitrary speed categories. The absolute speed thresholds were the same for all the players. Players were categorized into 2 groups based on the 5 × 30-m performance: RSAmean times below (i.e., faster) and above (i.e., slower) the median value. Players with faster RSAmean times covered significantly more distance sprinting during friendly matches (606 ± 204 m, +47.0%; t = 4.953; effect size = 1.88, 1.24; 2.52, p ≤ 0.001) compared to their slower counterparts (322 ± 145 m). A large negative correlation (r = -0.63, -0.77; -0.44, p ≤ 0.001) was found between RSAbest time (4.59 ± 0.27 seconds) and match sprint distance (457 ± 229 m). Likewise, RSAmean time (4.76 ± 0.25 seconds) was also largely associated (r = -0.60, -0.75; -0.39; p ≤ 0.001) with in-game sprinting performance. The results of this study provided evidence to support the construct and ecological validity of the 5 × 30-m protocol in male youth soccer players. Furthermore, differences in 5 × 30-m performance explained the amount of sprinting activity performed during the match
Sex differences in aerobic fitness in top-class soccer referees
No full textCastagna, C, Bizzini, M, D'Ottavio, S, and Araújo Póvoas, SC. Sex differences in aerobic fitness in top-class soccer referees. J Strength Cond Res 32(11): 3216-3221, 2018-The aim of this study was to assess the aerobic-fitness differences between male and female top-class soccer field referees (FRs). This with the purpose to provide cutoff values useful for training prescription in female FRs. Forty female top-class FRs (age 34.18 ± 3.50 years and 5 ± 3.9 years international refereeing experience) and 52 male FRs (age 38.4 ± 3.3 years and 5 ± 3.5 years international refereeing experience) candidates in the preliminary open list developed by the FIFA Refereeing Department for the 2014 and 2015 World Cup Tournaments, participated in the study. The FRs were tested for aerobic fitness under laboratory conditions with a progressive speed treadmill test until exhaustion. Female FRs showed to possess, on average, lower (large effect) levels of aerobic fitness and performance compared with their male counterparts. The female FRs' V[Combining Dot Above]O2max (48.1 ± 4.4 ml·kg·min) was 7% (large effect) lower than the male FRs (51.9 ml·kg·min). Peak treadmill speed was 11% lower (large effect) in female FRs (16.27 ± 0.94 vs. 14.64 ± 0.96 km·h). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis enabled cutoff values (47.8 ml·kg·min for V[Combining Dot Above]O2max) that may be used as preliminary cues to guide physiological selection and training prescription in female FRs aiming to officiate male-soccer matches. Only 2.5% of the female FRs showed V[Combining Dot Above]O2max higher than the mean values of male FRs when using the scaled notation (0.68). Female FRs aiming to officiate male competitions should consider training intensities at anaerobic threshold speed (13 km·h, 95% heart rate max) when developing aerobic fitness. Given the very large sex differences in aerobic performance, strength/power training should be proposed to perspective female top-class FRs
Effects of the off-Season Period on Field and Assistant Soccer Referees {'}Physical Performance
No full textRelation between maximal aerobic power and the ability to repeat sprints in young basketball players
No full textCastagna, C., V. Manzi, S. D'Ottavio, G. Annino,E. Padua, and D. Bishop. Relation between maximal aerobic power and the ability to repeat sprints in young basketball players. J. Strength Cond. Res. 21(4):1172-1176. 2007.-The aim of this study was to examine the effects of maximal aerobic power (&Vdot;o(2)peak) level on the ability to repeat sprints (calculated as performance decrement and total sprinting time) in young basketball players. Subjects were 18 junior, well-trained basketball players (age, 16.8 +/- 1.2 years; height, 181.3 +/- 5.7 cm; body mass, 73 +/- 10 kg; &Vdot;o(2)peak, 59.6 +/- 6.9 ml.kg(-1).min(-1)). Match analysis and time-motion analysis of competitive basketball games was used to devise a basketball-specific repeated-sprint ability protocol consisting of ten 15-m shuttle run sprints with 30 s of passive recovery. Pre, post, and post plus 3-minute blood lactate concentrations were 2.5 +/- 0.7, 13.6 +/- 3.1, and 14.2 +/- 3.5 mmol.L(-1), respectively. The mean fatigue index (FI) value was 3.4 +/- 2.3\% (range, 1.1-9.1\%). No significant correlations were found between &Vdot;o(2)peak and either FI or total sprint time. A negative correlation (r = -0.75, p = 0.01) was found between first-sprint time and FI. The results of this study showed that &Vdot;o(2)peak is not a predictor of repeated-sprint ability in young basketball players. The high blood lactate concentrations found at the end of the repeated-sprint ability protocol suggest its use for building lactate tolerance in conditioned basketball players
Photoswitchable ligands as tool to modulate biological activity
No full textIn contrast to other tools for the control biological processes, light does not cause contamination of the studied object, has low or negligible toxicity at long wavelengths and can be delivered with very high spatial and temporal precision. The use of light in conjunction with a pharmacological approach gives rise to the ever-expanding field of photopharmacology. Indeed, as pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties of drugs are directly related to their molecular structure, a photoinduced structural change in a photoswitchable drug can result in the activation/deactivation or modulation of the drug-target interaction and biological functions only in the region where light is provided. To date, photopharmacology has been extensively used to manipulate biological activity at the cellular level by targeting ion channels, G protein-coupled receptors, enzymes and protein-protein interactions [1]. One of the major advancements in photopharmacology would be to develop drugs that can be photoswitched using low energy light, which is less scattered in tissue and can penetrate deeper in the body. To this end, a molecular structure should be designed to ensure photoconversion by red or infrared light. Here, we present the molecular design of a novel γ- aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs) ligand derivative that displays photochromic properties with red light and we discuss its chemical as well as its photoisomerization and photopharmacological properties [2]. References 1. Eli S., Castagna R., Mapelli M., Parisini E. (2022) Recent Approaches to the Identification of Novel Microtubule-Targeting Agents. Front. Mol. Biosci. 9:841777. 2. Castagna R. et al. (2022) A donor-acceptor Stenhouse adduct displaying reversible photoswitching in water and neuronal activity chemRxiv doi: 10.26434/chemrxiv-2022-0ps7t
Therapeutic and other interventions to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Europe. The European Collaborative Study
No full textC. Thorne, M.-L. Newell, A. Bailey, C.S. Peckham, C. Giaquinto, E. Ruga, A. De Rossi, D. Truscia, I. Grosch-Worner, A. Schafer, J. Mok, F. Johnstone, F. Omenaca, J. Jiminez, C.De Alba, M.C. Garcia-Rodriguez, I. Bates, I. De Jose, F. Hawkins, R. Martinez Zapico, F. Asensi-Botet, M.C. Otero, D. Perez-Tamarit, A. Gonzalez Molina, H. Canosa, H. Scherpbier, K. Boer, A.B. Bohlin, S. Lindgren, E. Belfrage, J. Levy, A. Alimenti, P. Barlow, A. Ferrazin, A. Dre Maria, C. Gotta, V. Maritati, A. Mur, M.T. Rovira, A. Paya, O. Coll,
C. Fortuny, J. Boguna, M. Casellas Caro, Y. Canet, G. Pardi, A.E. Semprini, M. Ravizza, C. Castagna,
S. Fiore, B. Guerra, S. Bianchi, L. Bovicelli, E. Prati, S. Zanelli, M. Duse, A. Soresina, G. Scaravelli,
M. Stegagno, M. De Santis, M.-L. Muggiasca, P. Marchisio, A. Iasci, A. Spinillo, A. Bucceri, E. Grossi,
L. Rancilio, R. Smith, A.-M. Lewi
Aerobic Fitness in Top-Class Soccer Referees
No full textCastagna, C, Bizzini, M, Araújo Póvoas, SC, Schenk, K, Büsser, G, and D'Ottavio, S. Aerobic fitness in top-class soccer referees. J Strength Cond Res 33(11): 3098-3104, 2019-The aim of this study was to examine the aerobic fitness status of top-class male soccer officials using a cross-sectional design and known population group constructs. Fifty-two field referees (FRs, age 38.4 ± 3.3 years; height 181 ± 5.6 cm; body mass 76.8 ± 6.8 kg; body mass index [BMI] 23.4 ± 1.7 kg·m; body fat 20.4 ± 3.6%; and international refereeing experience 5 ± 3.5 years) and 104 assistant referees (ARs, age 37.8 ± 4.1 years; height 176.9 ± 7.5 cm; body mass 72.1 ± 7.4 kg; BMI 23 ± 1.6 kg·m; body fat 19.2 ± 3.6%; and international refereeing experience 7 ± 3.8 years) from 53 National Football Associations worldwide, and candidates of the preliminary open-list developed by the FIFA Refereeing Department for the 2014 World Cup Final Tournament, were tested for aerobic fitness in laboratory conditions with a progressive speed treadmill test to exhaustion. Large (+8.54%, d = 0.8) and small (+3.1%, d = 0.3) differences in absolute (L·min) and relative (ml·kg·min) VO2max were found between FR and AR, respectively. Trivial differences (d = 0.07) were shown in running economy (RE) (6 minutes at 8 km·h) between AR and FR. Using the scaling notation (b = 0.64), medium and significant differences were found between match officials for VO2max and RE (FR > AR; d = 0.6 and 0.67, respectively). Using receiver operating characteristic curve statistics, cutoff values of 3.93 L·min and 50.6 ml·kg·min were detected in absolute and relative VO2max for the FR and the AR (FR > AR), respectively. The FR showed superior aerobic fitness compared with AR. Training prescription should consider intensities at anaerobic threshold speed (14 km·h, 91% heart rate max) when aerobic fitness development is the aim in elite officials
- …
