149 research outputs found
The hydraulic capacity of deteriorating sewer systems
No full textSewer and wastewater systems suffer from insufficient capacity, construction flaws and pipe deterioration. Consequences are structural failures, local floods, surface erosion and pollution of receiving waters bodies. European cities spend in the order of five billion Euro per year for wastewater network rehabilitation. This amount is estimated to increase due to network ageing. The project CARE-S (Computer Aided RE-habilitation of Sewer Networks) deals with sewer and storm water networks. The final project goal is to develop integrated software, which provides the most cost-efficient system of maintenance, repair and rehabilitation of sewer networks. Decisions on investments in rehabilitation often have to be made with uncertain information about the structural condition and the hydraulic performance of a sewer system. Because of this, decision-making involves considerable risks. This paper presents the results of research focused on the study of hydraulic effects caused by failures due to temporal decline of sewer systems. Hydraulic simulations are usually carried out by running commercial models that apply, as input, default values of parameters that strongly influence results. Using CCTV inspections information as dataset to catalogue principal types of failures affecting pipes, a 3D model was used to evaluate their hydraulic consequences. The translation of failures effects in parameters values producing the same hydraulic conditions caused by failures was carried out through the comparison of laboratory experiences and 3D simulations results. Those parameters could be the input of 1D commercial models instead of the default values commonly inserted
The Hydraulic Capacity of Sewer System Scanned by CCTV Inspection
No full textSewer and wastewater systems suffer from insufficient capacity, construction flaws and pipe deterioration. This paper presents the results of a research developed inside the CARE-S project focused on sewer and storm water networks management. Hydraulic simulations are usually done running commercial models that apply, as input, default values of parameters that strongly influence results. Using CCTV inspections data to catalogue failures affecting pipes, a 3D model was used to evaluate their hydraulic consequences. The translation of failures effects into parameter values producing the same hydraulic conditions caused by failures was done through the comparison of laboratory experiences and 3D simulations results. A Visual Basic routine was developed in order to automatically calculate the effects of temporal decline in terms of pressure drops in the system components: coefficients of local or distributed head loss. Those parameters could be the input to 1D commercial models instead of the default values commonly inserted.
This will move the results from 1D models closer to reality and decrease a number of calibrations needs. It can also be used during the operation time for changing performance capacity due to deduction of failures, or for prediction of capacity due to predicted failures on a sewer system
Material variants of rowing and paddling pool Labe arena
No full textAutor se v bakalářské práci Materiálové varianty veslovacího a pádlovacího bazénu Labe arena zabývá popisem možných materiálových řešení pro veslovací a pádlovací bazén Labe arena. Dále se autor zabývá rozborem materiálových variant zpracování veslovacího a pádlovacího bazénu. Ke zvolení nejvhodnějšího řešení autor využil multikriteriální analýzu. Autor úspěšně vyhodnotil nejvhodnější materiálové řešení bazénů pro projekt Labe arena.The author of the thesis work Material variants of rowing and paddling pool Labe arena describes the possible material solutions for rowing and paddling pool Labe arena. The author also deals with the analysis of material options processing of rowing and paddling pool. To select the most appropriate solution, the author used a multi-criteria analysis. The author successfully evaluated the most appropriate material solution for the pools of Labe arena project
Computer Simulation of Flow in CSO “OK3D Evropská”
No full textDuring the last 30 years, a number of devices has been developed for dynamic separation of settle able solids in wastewaters. Initially, these separators were used for control of Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) pollution by retaining the bulk of solids in the underflow, directed to the sewage treatment plant (STP), and allowing combined sewage with reduced pollutant loads to overflow from the sewer systém. This paper is describing CSO “OK 3D Evropská” in Prague 6 on Evropská Street. Inlet to CSO is 3 m diameter tube collecting water from location of Oepy, Vokovice, Liboc and Ruzyně. The outflow throttle pipe is 1.1 m in diameter and continues to central wastewater treatment plant and overflow is ending in Šárecký creek. Šárecký creek flows through the Šárka valley which is environmentally protected area. CSO “OK 3D Evropská" has high overflow crest and probability of the function is 0.44 per year
The lived experience of isolation for vulnerable workers facing workplace grievances in 21st-century Britain
No full textIn the 'Warwick Agreement' with trade union leaders in 2004, the British government pledged support for 'vulnerable workers' and developed this policy in 2006. However, there is no policy acknowledgement that weak collective organization is the cause of worker vulnerability. This article is based on a definition of vulnerability as non-unionism and low pay and presents findings based on in-depth interviews with low-paid, non-unionized workers with employment grievances who approached the major British charity providing free advice, the Citizens Advice Bureau. This is framed in a contemporaneous survey of 500 low-paid, non-unionized workers with problems at work, which provides data on the kinds of problems experienced, responses to them and the pattern of outcomes for such workers. The study found a very low level of successful resolution. The significance of the qualitative evidence is that it illuminates the lived experience of isolation and poor resolution among workers seeking external help. © The Author(s), 2010
Teamwork and Gendered Work Cultures: The Case of Finland
No full textIn this article I focus on women workers’ experiences of transformation from line work to teamworking in Finnish clothing companies in the 1990s and also show what happened after this transformation in the clothing branch. The undertone of it is rather melancholic. Following an initial period of intensive and successful development, clothing work was moved from Finland to countries of cheap labour, such as Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Russia, and even China. In this type of network manufacturing, the development of modern information and communication technologies played a central role. My aim is to present the standpoint of women clothing workers in this process. The main body of the empirical data of my study consists of dialogues with clothing workers, union representatives, supervisors and managers. I also make use of my fieldwork notes, memos and research diaries from three companies over a period of five years. Furthermore, in the background lie the action research material from Scandinavian type work conferences and the survey material of an extensive mail inquiry that covered the whole branch in Finland. My own research started in 1991 as a mail inquiry and then continued as a case study in companies from 1992 to 2000, by employing action research and ethnographic methodologies.gender; teamworking; clothing industry; Finland
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