266 research outputs found
New technologies in breast cancer sentinel lymph node biopsy; from the current gold standard to artificial intelligence
No full textSentinel lymph node biopsy is an important diagnostic procedure performed in early breast cancer patients with clinically negative axillary lymph nodes. Detection and examination of sentinel lymph nodes determine further therapy decisions, therefore a choice of optimal technique minimising the risk of false-negative results is of great importance. Currently, the gold standard is the dual technique comprising the blue dye and radiotracer, however, this method creates a logistical problem for many medical units. The intrinsic constraints of the existing methods led to the development of a very wide range of alternatives with varying clinical efficiency and feasibility. While each method presents with its own advantages and disadvantages, many techniques have improved enough to become a non-inferior alternative in the sentinel lymph node biopsy. Along with the improvement of the existing technologies, there are evolving trends such as multimodality of the techniques maximising the diagnostic outcome or an emerging use of artificial intelligence (AI) improving the workflow of the procedure. This literature review aims to give an overview of the current status of the standard techniques and emerging cutting-edge technologies in the sentinel lymph node biopsy
Dynamic design matter[s]: Practical considerations for interactive architecture
No full textThis paper explores the concept of interactive architecture. The first section begins by formulating a daring vision of a radically new kind of architecture. In the second chapter this vision is further elaborated upon, by proposing a generic approach towards practically accomplishing the originally formulated theoretical concept. Opportunities and threats that emerge from this vision and approach are discussed in the third section and eventually, in section four and five, the proposed approach is brought to practical applications and illustrated with a number of experimental building component examples that all together include all necessary features to create a complete large scale architectural object. All projects and explorations have been conducted as part of the Hyperbody groups research at the Delft University of Technology and have been inspired by groups director, prof. Kas OosterhuisArchitectur
Process-driven architecture: Design techniques and methods
No full textThis paper explores the notion of process-driven architecture and, as a consequence, application of complex systems in the newly defined area of digital process-driven architectural design in order to formulate a suitable design method. Protospace software environment and SwarmCAD software application are introduced and physical, real scale prototypes of architectural installations illustrate the new approach to creating architecture.Architectur
'iPortals' as a case study pre-prototype of an evolving network of interactive spatial components
No full textThe art and craft of desiesign and creation of buildings is undergoing a radical paradigm shift. This shift is being driven by diverse novel cross-disciplinary technical possibilities, as well as by ongoing cultural transformations. They all, directly or indirectly, originate from omnipresent advancements in information technologies. Instant and ubiquitous availability of information and immediate access to computing power pervasively penetrating our lives is profoundly transforming our culture. This phenomenon has enormous implications for architecture in a multitude of ways.Firstly, the speed of changes that occur in modern-day culture and society makes it inconvenient or even entirely impossible to design buildings with fixed and permanent functionalities. As lifestyle patterns, production methods and environmental conditions, to name a few factors only, may now dramatically change from one day to another, architecture has to become flexible. It has to allow dynamic, active, or even pro-active adaptation and customization of spaces on many levels of its functionality 2.Secondly, these profound cultural changes are not only of technical relevance. In its process-driven character, information technology strongly mandates the already widely recognized ontology of becoming, proclaimed by the prominent minds of contemporary philosophy and science. This process-oriented worldview, supported by latest technological possibilities3, has caused a radical change in the common sense of the manner in which architecture has to be understood and dealt with4. As an effect, it requires an in-depth reconsideration of the nature of processes of both creation and participation in spatial environments.Architectur
Towards a Methodology for Complex Adaptive Interactive Architecture
No full textArchitectural Engineering + TechnologyArchitectur
Methylene blue—current knowledge, fluorescent properties, and its future use
No full textMethylene blue is a fluorescent dye discovered in 1876 and has since been used in different scientific fields. Only recently has methylene blue been used for intraoperative fluorescent imaging. Here, the authors review the emerging role of methylene blue, not only as a dye used in clinical practice, but also as a fluorophore in a surgical setting. We discuss the promising potential of methylene blue together with the challenges and limitations among specific surgical techniques. A literature review of PubMed and Medline was conducted based on the historical, current and future usage of methylene blue within the field of medicine. We reviewed not only the current usage of methylene blue, but we also tried to grasp its’ function as a fluorophore in five main domains. These domains include the near-infrared imaging visualization of ureters, parathyroid gland identification, pancreatic tumors imaging, detection of breast cancer tumor margins, as well as breast cancer sentinel node biopsy. Methylene blue is used in countless clinical procedures with a relatively low risk for patients. Usage of its fluorescent properties is still at an early stage and more pre-clinical, as well as clinical research, must be performed to fully understand its potentials and limitations
Open Data as a New Commons:Empowering citizens to make meaningful use of a new resource
No full textAn increasing computing capability is raising the opportunities to use a large amount of publicly available data for creating new applications and a new generation of public services. But while it is easy to find some early examples of services concerning control systems (e.g. traffic, meteo, telecommunication) and commercial applications (e.g. profiling systems), few examples are instead available about the use of data as a new resource for empowering citizens, i.e. supporting citizens’ decisions about everyday life, political choices, organization of their movements, information about social, cultural and environmental opportunities around them and government choices. Developing spacesmeans for enabling citizens to harness the opportunities coming from the use of this new resource, offers thus a substantial promise of social innovation.This means that open data is vi (still) virtually a new resource that could become a new commons with the engagement of interested and active communities. The condition for open data becoming a new common is that citizens become aware of the potential of this resource, that they use it for creating new services and that new practices and infrastructures are defined, that would support the use of such resource
A comparison of the presence of the ‘ego triad’ between sexual homicide offenders, sex offenders and controls
No full textDesigning Communication Triggers for the Flexible Office Setting
No full textWith the rise of remote working opportunities, the definition of office is changing and this is also affecting the way that we shape our offices. Nowadays, more\u2028and more companies are switching to the flexible workspace. This shift is redefining the relationships and the communication motives colleagues have with each other. The project explores how the hindered aspect of communication can be revived with triggers in order to help the employees form deeper relationships. This is done via an iterative design process. The end results are guidelines for designing triggers and a digital product that houses the communication triggers.Design for Interactio
Focusing in flexible offices: A design research exploration into workstyle-based workplace selection in Open Plan Offices
No full textOffice work is becoming increasingly dynamic, requiring office workers to perform distinct activities rapidly. These activities range from meetings to individual work. Open plan offices (OPO) facilitate workplaces for office workers in a single hall. This causes office workers who perform distinct activities to share the same workspace. These different activities come into conflict with each other, since they produce different sound levels. Furthermore, the open hall of the OPO causes more co-worker interruptions in comparison with offices which are adjusted to occupants performing distinct activities. This thesis collaboration between Advanced Metropolitan Solutions (AMS) and the Living Office Design Lab (LODL) of the faculty of Industrial Design Engineering TU Delft, explores how to facilitate OPO occupants with distinct activities in achieving focus. Through 5 design interventions, a design guideline for achieving office focus is discovered, consisting of 3 elements. 1) Clustering office occupants based on their workstyle preference, decreases co-worker interruptions. 2) For workstyle-based clustering, office occupants need to communicate one of three workstyle preferences: “focus work”, “team work” or “social work”. “Focus work” workstyle communicates that the users don’t want co-worker interruption. “Team work” workstyle communicates that the occupant allows co-worker interruption, as long as the interruption is work related. “Social work” workstyle communicates that the user allows all interruptions, including non-work-related interruptions. 3) Workstyle preferences need to be communicated to the rest of the office by using indicators. Individual indicators are used for desk-to-desk workstyle preference communication. Zone indicators might enable occupants to find workstyle zones within the office. A set of tools that enables OPO occupants to communicate their workstyle preference, through personal and zone indicators, enables workplace selection based on workstyle preference. By enabling occupants to cluster through workstyle-based workplace selection, conflicting activities and co-worker interruptions are reduced.Design for Interactio
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