292 research outputs found
Hansenocarididae Olesen and Grygier 2022, fam. nov
No full textFamily Hansenocarididae Olesen and Grygier, fam. nov [New Japanese name: Chou-kou-mushi-ka] Diagnosis. Mostly agreeing with the diagnosis proposed for Subclass Facetotecta by Chan et al. (2021: 34), but with additional detail that is subject to change as more taxa are described. Known only from ortho- and metanauplii, cyprid larvae, and ypsigons; adults unknown or unrecognized. Nauplii [based in part on Grygier (1991, 1996), thus also on M. J. Grygier’s unpublished data]: cephalic shield posteriorly abutting on free, exposed trunk dorsum; frontolateral horns and frontal filaments absent. Common plan of cephalic shield ridges fully or partially outlining moreor-less stereotypical turtle-shell-like pattern of plates (facets) in early instars, plates commonly becoming complexly subdivided and/or re-fused in later instars. Common posi-tions of ‘window’ plate and dorsal setae (of which no more than 4 pairs present) and certain pores on cephalic shield. Ventral side of cephalic region flat, round, with wide rim (‘faciomarginal cuticle’). First antenna with up to 8 setae on distal segment only. Maximal second antennal armature of 1 coxal spine, 1 basal spine, 2-segmented endopod with spine and seta on proximal segment and 2 apical setae on distal, and 6-segmented exopod with short seta on second segment, 1 long seta each on next 3 segments, and long and short seta on distal segment. Maximal mandibular armature similar except basis maximally with 1 spine and 1 seta, and exopod 5-segmented with 1 seta each on first 4 segments, 2 setae on apical segment. Second antenna and mandible essentially unchanged in segmentation and armature from second through final instar except for rare loss of 1 protopodal spine. Paragnaths either absent or rudimentary and unarmed. No ventral setation except for rare occurrence of pair of setae representing first maxillae. Trunk region often complexly subdivided by ridges. Caudal end asetose, but usually with pair of furcal spines and terminal dorsocaudal spine, these being of various sizes and possessing various subsidiary spination depending on taxon. Round, knob-like ‘dorsocaudal organ’ of unknown function present posteriorly on dorsum of trunk region mainly in planktotrophic forms, possibly represented by similarly positioned pore in some lecithotrophic forms. Exuvium of last nauplius of lecithotrophic forms often containing fine, membranous trace (“ghost”) of ventral thoracic parts of cyprid formerly held within, this being connected by internal struts to pair of anterioventral invaginations of trunk wall. Cyprids [based in part on Itô (1985), Kolbasov et al. (2007), HØeg et al. (2014); also on J. Olesen’s unpublished SEM data]: non-feeding, with boat-like, univalved head shield or carapace not covering whole body and free from thorax. Carapace with lattice organs and often with complex pattern of surface sculpturing featuring anterior meshwork and longitudinal ridges. Head with pair of prehensile first antennae bearing hook (occasionally absent) and uni-or usually bi-articulate palp on presumed third segment (proximal segmentation often obscure); knob-like vestiges of naupliar second antennae and mandibles sometimes present. Pair of sessile compound eyes, each composed of about 9 ommatidia with tripartite crystalline cones. Eyes often (not confirmed in some) flanked by 2 pairs of sensory organs (‘bifurcate paraocular processes,’ ‘postocular filamentary tufts’). Large, ventrally produced labrum bearing apical and posterior hooks usually present, its form and armament taxon-specific to some degree. Thorax 6-segmented and bearing 6 pairs of biramous limbs, with first 2 tergites fused to each other dorsally (in at least some taxa), last 2 segments with pleural extensions. Coxa and basis of thoracopods separate or (in sixth pair) fused, exopods 2-segmented (rarely 1-segmented) with 3 apical natatory setae (2 setae in first pair), endopods 2- or 3-segmented with 2 apical and 1 subapical natatory setae (subapical seta absent in first pair). Abdomen consisting of 1 or, much more usually, 3 short somites with or without sharp ventrolateral extensions, and large, oblong telson, latter heavily ornamented with cuticular ridges defining 6 rows of dorsal and lateral plates, thus appearing pseudo-segmented. Telson similarly ornamented ventrally and bearing 0–6 serrate spines along posterioventral margin and pair of small, setose, unsegmented or (perhaps superficially) 2-segmented furcal rami on posterior face. Ypsigon stage [based on Glenner et al. (2008), Chan et al. (2021), Dreyer et al. (in press)]: unsegmented, slug-like, slightly motile despite lacking appendages. Lined externally by extremely thin (epi)cuticle. Internal cellular contents comprising epithelium beneath cuticle, derivatives of former cyprid nervous system (including large anterior neuropile and degenerating compound eyes), muscle bands, and elongate mass of cells filled with lipid vesicles. No ovarial or testicular tissue present. Type genus. Hansenocaris Itô, 1985. Remarks. As reviewed by Dreyer et al. (in press), a putative family-group name “ Hansenocarididae ”, with or without attribution to Itô (1985), has been cited in a few print and internet sources, but Itô never proposed such a name in any of his works. Our action herein is the first to make this family-group name available for y-larvae in accordance with the relevant provisions of Chapter 4 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999). The new Japanese name combines the existing Japanese name for Facetotecta (“chou-kou-rui”, which refers to the faceted cephalic shield; Ohtsuka 2000), and “mushi”, meaning “bug” or “worm.”Published as part of Olesen, JØrgen & Grygier, Mark J., 2022, Two New Species of Lecithotrophic Nauplius y with Remarkable Labra from Okinawa, Japan, and a Family-Group Name for y-Larvae (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta: Hansenocarididae fam. nov.), pp. 301-317 in Species Diversity 27 (2) on pages 303-304, DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.27.301, http://zenodo.org/record/752272
Hansenocaris aquila Grygier and Olesen 2022, sp. nov.
No full textHansenocaris aquila Grygier and Olesen, sp. nov. [New Japanese name: Washi-chou-kou-mushi] (Fig. 6) Diagnosis. In last-stage nauplius, labrum wine-glassshaped in ventral view with rounded posteriolateral corners, median keel carrying 3–4 small spines, and robust, sharply pointed posterior spine reminiscent of eagle’s beak. Labral surface with characteristic ridge pattern described below. Cephalic shield clearly and completely reticulated. Dorsum of faciotrunk with 4 longitudinal spine rows, inner pair of rows longer than outer pair. Second antennae and mandibles devoid of feeding structures (lecithotrophic), segmentation of their exopods and endopods 6/5 and 1/1, respectively. First maxillae and dorsocaudal organ absent. Dorsocaudal spine nearly as long as trunk dorsum preceding it, armed with robust spines. Furcal spines small. Type locality. Off pier at the University of the Ryukyus Tropical Biosphere Research Center, Sesoko Station, on Sesoko Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan (26°38′09.3″N 127°51′55.2″E). Type material. Holotype: exuvium of last-stage nauplius prepared as semi-permanent glycerine jelly slide-mount, Natural History Museum of Denmark. NHMD-1174615; collected alive as young nauplius on 22 September 2005, last stage isolated from batch culture on 25 September, its empty molt retrieved on 27 September. Paratype: exuvium of laststage nauplius prepared as semi-permanent glycerine jelly slide-mount, Natural History Museum of Demark. NHMD-1174616; collected alive as young nauplius on 16–19 July 1996, final exuvium recovered on 22 July; unclear which of 2 cyprids mounted on same slide corresponds to this nauplius. Both type specimens collected and processed by M. J. Grygier. Etymology. The Latin name is a noun in apposition, “ aquila ” (=“eagle”), referring to the large, strongly pointed, eagle-beak-like extension of the posterior margin of the labrum. The new Japanese name combines “washi” (Japanese for “eagle,” again referring to the labrum) with an existing Japanese name for Facetotecta (“chou-kou-rui”) plus “mushi,” meaning “bug” or “worm.” Description (holotype). A last-stage nauplius larva (Fig. 6). Habitus (Fig. 6A, B). Cephalic portion slightly oblateoval, trunk portion long and attenuate. Total length 500 µm; length and width of cephalic shield 265 and 210 µm, respectively; anterior width and post-labral length of trunk in ventral view 105 µm and 350 µm, respectively. Length (measured from furcal spines) and basal diameter (at position of furcal spines) of dorsocaudal spine 100 µm and 30 µm, respectively. No lateral view available but long axes of cephalic shield, trunk, and dorsocaudal spine apparently nearly in same plane (no significant bending). Cephalic shield (Fig. 6C). With dense, nearly symmetrical pattern of reticulate ridges outlining many so-called plates, or facets. Setation and pore pattern of shield not clearly visible, but posteriolateral corners lacking H. cristalabri -like pair of spine-bounded notches. Plates or facets centered on rounded-quadrangular ‘window’ (W) at about one-third length along midline, but only those near W (Fig. 6C) easily identifiable with those of H. cristalabri sp. nov. and H. furcifera. Namely, region of primordial ‘frontal’ plate F-1 represented by pair of small pentagonal plates flanking W and by transverse row of 4 small plates preceding these and W; region of primordial ‘frontal’ plate F-2 possibly represented by array of 6 small plates preceding F-1 region, including transverse central pair and 2 longitudinally oriented lateral pairs; and primordial ‘occipital’ plates O-1 and O-2 represented by 2 successive pairs of large plates posterior to W. Configuration of all other plates, including more anterior F-plates, more posterior O-plates, and most non-ax-ial plates, differing from those in H. cristalabri sp. nov. and H. furcifera (cf. Fig. 4E) and, owing to lack of information about important “land-mark” pores and setae, also difficult to homologize with any other species’ primordial plates; therefore, detailed description omitted. Labrum (Fig. 6A, B, D, E). Excluding its robust, sharply pointed, 35 µm long posterior extension, main portion of labrum obovate or rounded-spatulate in ventral view, 80 µm long and 60 µm wide, with median keel bearing row of 3 small but distinct and equal distal spines preceded by anoth-er minute spine. Labral surface divided by ridges into facets as follows: 2 elongated and overlapping facets along each lateral margin, with more anterior pair meeting in anterior midline; paired diagonal rows of 4 facets situated medial to these, extending from anterior midline to posteriolateral margin; 1 pair of posteriomesial facets preceding 2 small pairs flanking spine at posterior margin; and keel-bearing facet(s) along labrum’s posterior midline. First antenna (Fig. 6F). Apparently 3-segmented, excluding narrow sclerites between 3 main segments. Unarmed first segment short, cylindrical (15 µm long, 20 µm in diameter). Unarmed second segment short, cylindrical (20 µm long, 17 µm in diameter). Distal segment 45 µm long, digitiform with moderate preaxial swelling of proximal 50%. This segment thickest (19 µm) at 1/3 length, with 3 apical setae: 2 long and 1 short. Second antenna (Fig. 6G). Biramous with unclear proximal segmentation. Unarmed coxa about as thick as long (25 µm), unarmed basis shorter (20 µm long). Exopod 50 µm long, 6-segmented with rudimentary (perhaps not fully annular) proximal segment and further segments gradually becoming smaller distally, apparently bearing 5 setae in all. Endopod 1-segmented, cylindrical, 15 µm long and 7 µm thick, bearing 2 long apical setae. Mandible (Fig. 6). Similar to second antenna but smaller, again with unclear proximal segmentation. Coxa longer than basis (16 µm vs. 14 µm) and of slightly greater diameter (16 µm). Exopod 40 µm long, 5-segmented, apparently bearing 4 setae. Endopod 1-segmented, 10 µm long and 3–4 µm thick, bearing 2 long apical setae. Hind part of faciotrunk (Fig. 6A, B, J). Trunk divisible into long, sparsely ornamented anterior part, heavily and concentrically ornamented posterior part, and heavily armed dorsocaudal spine. Anterior 15% or so of venter with short and sparse transverse ridges, followed by somewhat swollen and rounded middle region with short transverse ridges along midline and, more laterally, paired rows of bumps evidently representing future thoracopodal setae; in posterior third, concentric ridges well expressed and bearing small spinules (Fig. 6A, B). Trunk dorsum with 2 dorsal rows of spines along nearly whole length from first or second transverse ridge to base of dorsocaudal spine, with slight discontinuity posterior to midlength, and additional shorter dorsolateral pair of spine rows reaching only to dorsal rows’ points of discontinuity (4 spine rows in total) (Fig. 6B). Dorsocaudal organ (or positionally equivalent mid-dorsal trunk pore) absent. Dorsocaudal spine (Fig. 6A, B) armed with large subsidiary spines along entire length, except at sharply pointed tip. Pair of small (7 µm long), pointed furcal spines arising anterioventrally to base of dorsocaudal spine (Fig. 6J). Midventral (anal?) pore not observed. No “ghost” of cyprid thorax (see Grygier et al. 2019) detected inside slide-mounted exuvium. Description (Paratype). Trunk region rotated on slide relative to cephalic region, and posteriolateral part of one side of cephalic shield distorted; therefore, some of following measurements probably different in life. Total length 530 µm; cephalic shield length along midline 277 µm, maximal width 215 µm, posterior width 147 µm; dorsal trunk length 257 µm including 97 µm long dorsocaudal spine. Dorsocaudal spine similarly spiny to that of holotype. Labrum 113 µm long including posterior medial spine, maximal width 70 µm; main portion with same roundedspatulate or obovate shape as that of holotype and with row of small spines preceding robust, beak-like posterior extension, latter relatively shorter (23 µm) than that of holotype; cuticular ridge pattern of labrum resembling that of holotype. Four longitudinal rows of spines on trunk dorsum: 2 inner rows extending from about fourth transverse ridge to base of dorsocaudal spine, 2 outer rows extending from anterior margin only half this distance posteriorly. Limb setation as follows: first antenna with 1 long and 1 medium-long apical setae; second antenna with unarmed coxa and basis, 2 apical setae on 1-segmented endopod, and 5 setae on 6-segmented exopod (0-0-1-1-1-2); mandible similar but exopod 5-segmented with 1-1-1-2 setal arrangement. No cyprid “ghost” visible within exuvium, but pair of oval (19.5×5.5µm), purportedly “ghost”-related anterioventral invaginations present on trunk (Fig. 6B).Published as part of Olesen, JØrgen & Grygier, Mark J., 2022, Two New Species of Lecithotrophic Nauplius y with Remarkable Labra from Okinawa, Japan, and a Family-Group Name for y-Larvae (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta: Hansenocarididae fam. nov.), pp. 301-317 in Species Diversity 27 (2) on pages 307-308, DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.27.301, http://zenodo.org/record/752272
A new genus of monstrilloid copepods (Crustacea) with anteriorly pointing ovigerous spines and related adaptations for subthoracic brooding
No full textGrygier, Mark J., Ohtsuka, Susumu (2008): A new genus of monstrilloid copepods (Crustacea) with anteriorly pointing ovigerous spines and related adaptations for subthoracic brooding. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 152 (3): 459-506, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00381.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00381.
Figure 18 in A new genus of monstrilloid copepods (Crustacea) with anteriorly pointing ovigerous spines and related adaptations for subthoracic brooding
No full textFigure 18. Antennules of two species of Maemonstrilla gen. nov., setules omitted, setal designations after Grygier & Ohtsuka (1995: fig. 6). A, Maemonstrilla okame sp. nov., female holotype (KMNH IvR 700 218), Sesoko Island, 22.v.1996, right antennule, ventral view. B, same, more fully armed tip of left antennule, ventral view (b5-seta seen to be bifid in another specimen). C, Maemonstrilla simplex sp. nov., female holotype (KMNH IvR 700 222), south coast of Ishigaki Island, 30.iv.1994, left antennule, dorsal view. D, same, more fully armed tip of right antennule, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.Published as part of Grygier, Mark J. & Ohtsuka, Susumu, 2008, A new genus of monstrilloid copepods (Crustacea) with anteriorly pointing ovigerous spines and related adaptations for subthoracic brooding, pp. 459-506 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 152 (3) on page 484, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00381.x, http://zenodo.org/record/544275
Rediscovered syntypes of Procrangonyx japonicus, with nomenclatural consideration of some crangonyctoidean subterranean amphipods (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Allocrangonyctidae, Niphargidae, Pseudocrangonyctidae)
No full textNakano, Takafumi, Tomikawa, Ko, Grygier, Mark J. (2018): Rediscovered syntypes of Procrangonyx japonicus, with nomenclatural consideration of some crangonyctoidean subterranean amphipods (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Allocrangonyctidae, Niphargidae, Pseudocrangonyctidae). Zootaxa 4532 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4532.1.
Recognition and partial solution of nomenclatural issues involving copepods of the family Monstrillidae (Crustacea: Copepoda: Monstrilloida)
No full textGrygier, Mark J., Suárez-Morales, Eduardo (2018): Recognition and partial solution of nomenclatural issues involving copepods of the family Monstrillidae (Crustacea: Copepoda: Monstrilloida). Zootaxa 4486 (4): 497-509, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4486.4.
Search for B→hνν¯ decays with semileptonic tagging at Belle
No full textWe present the results of a search for the rare decays B → hν¯ν. The results are obtained with 772 × 10^6 BB¯ pairs collected with the Belle detector at the e+e- collider. We reconstruct one B meson in a semileptonic decay and require asingle h meson but nothing else on the signal side
Figure 5 in A new genus of monstrilloid copepods (Crustacea) with anteriorly pointing ovigerous spines and related adaptations for subthoracic brooding
No full textFigure 5. Maemonstrilla hyottoko sp. nov., female paratype (SO lab), Sesoko Island, 13.viii.1989, SEM, anterior at top in all cases. A, dorsal surface of free pedigers 1 and 2; two obscured pores indicated by arrows. B, dorsal surface of free pediger 3. C, dorsal surface of urosome, including genital compound somite (g), and outer faces of legs 4. D, rear dorsal surface of free pediger 4, showing pit setae. E, dorsal surface of rear of urosome, including telson (t). Scale bars = 50 Mm in A, B, E; 100 Mm in C; 10 Mm in D.Published as part of Grygier, Mark J. & Ohtsuka, Susumu, 2008, A new genus of monstrilloid copepods (Crustacea) with anteriorly pointing ovigerous spines and related adaptations for subthoracic brooding, pp. 459-506 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 152 (3) on page 467, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00381.x, http://zenodo.org/record/544275
Figure 5 in A new genus of monstrilloid copepods (Crustacea) with anteriorly pointing ovigerous spines and related adaptations for subthoracic brooding
No full textFigure 5. Maemonstrilla hyottoko sp. nov., female paratype (SO lab), Sesoko Island, 13.viii.1989, SEM, anterior at top in all cases. A, dorsal surface of free pedigers 1 and 2; two obscured pores indicated by arrows. B, dorsal surface of free pediger 3. C, dorsal surface of urosome, including genital compound somite (g), and outer faces of legs 4. D, rear dorsal surface of free pediger 4, showing pit setae. E, dorsal surface of rear of urosome, including telson (t). Scale bars = 50 Mm in A, B, E; 100 Mm in C; 10 Mm in D.Published as part of Grygier, Mark J. & Ohtsuka, Susumu, 2008, A new genus of monstrilloid copepods (Crustacea) with anteriorly pointing ovigerous spines and related adaptations for subthoracic brooding, pp. 459-506 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 152 (3) on page 467, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00381.x, http://zenodo.org/record/544275
Endemism of subterranean Diacyclops in Korea and Japan, with descriptions of seven new species of the languidoides-group and redescriptions of D. brevifurcus and D. suoensis (Crustacea, Copepoda, Cyclopoida)
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