403 research outputs found
Sprachförderung: Der große Wurf fehlt. Interview
No full textKoreik U, Ohm U, Riemer C, Grosche J. Sprachförderung: Der große Wurf fehlt. Interview. Clavis – Schlüssel für die Integration der Migranten in den Arbeitsmarkt: Strategien für Wirtschaft, Verwaltung und Politik. 2009;(1):12-13
supplemental_online_material_TR_edits – Supplemental material for Dependability of Direct Behavior Rating Single- and Multi-Item Scales Across Raters and Occasions in Two School Subjects
No full textSupplemental material, supplemental_online_material_TR_edits for Dependability of Direct Behavior Rating Single- and Multi-Item Scales Across Raters and Occasions in Two School Subjects by Gino Casale, Robert J. Volpe, Amy M. Briesch, Thomas Hennemann and Michael Grosche in Assessment for Effective Intervention</p
Additional file 3 of Long-term individualized monitoring of sympatric bat species reveals distinct species- and demographic differences in hibernation phenology
No full textAdditional file 3. Raw data for: F. Meier, L. Grosche, C. Reusch, V. Runkel, J. van Schaik and G. Kerth. BMC Ecology and Evolution, 2022. Long-term individualized monitoring of sympatric bat species reveals distinct species- and demographic differences in hibernation phenology
Audio Content-Based Music Retrieval
No full textThe rapidly growing corpus of digital audio material requires novel
retrieval strategies for exploring large music collections. Traditional retrieval strategies rely on metadata that describe the actual audio content in words. In the case that such textual descriptions are not available, one requires content-based retrieval strategies which only utilize the raw audio material. In this contribution, we discuss content-based retrieval strategies that
follow the query-by-example paradigm: given an audio query, the task is to retrieve all documents that are somehow similar or related to the query from a music collection. Such strategies can be loosely classified according to their "specificity", which refers to the degree of similarity between the query and the database documents. Here, high specificity refers to a strict notion of similarity, whereas low specificity to a rather vague one. Furthermore, we introduce a second classification principle based on "granularity", where one distinguishes between fragment-level and document-level retrieval. Using a classification scheme based on specificity and granularity, we identify various classes of retrieval scenarios, which comprise "audio identification", "audio matching", and "version
identification". For these three important classes, we give an overview of representative state-of-the-art approaches, which also illustrate the sometimes subtle but crucial differences between the retrieval scenarios. Finally, we give an outlook on a user-oriented retrieval system, which combines the various retrieval strategies in a unified framework
Empirische Inklusionsforschung in bildungsräumlichen Kontexten – Anschlussmöglichkeiten für eine regionale und inklusive Schulentwicklung
No full textStošić P, Thönnes L, Hackbarth A. Empirische Inklusionsforschung in bildungsräumlichen Kontexten – Anschlussmöglichkeiten für eine regionale und inklusive Schulentwicklung. In: Grosche M, Decristan J, Urton K, Jansen NC, Bruns G, Ehl B, eds. Sonderpädagogik und Bildungsforschung – Fremde Schwestern?. klinkhardt forschung. Perspektiven sonderpädagogischer Forschung . Bad Heilbrunn: Julius Klinkhardt; 2020: 138-143
Strong Coupling Superconductivity in the Vicinity of the Structural Quantum Critical Point in (CaxSr1-x)3Rh4Sn13
No full textThe family of the superconducting quasiskutterudites (CaxSr1?x)3Rh4Sn13 features a structural quantum critical point at xc=0.9, around which a dome-shaped variation of the superconducting transition temperature Tc is found. Using specific heat, we probe the normal and the superconducting states of the entire series straddling the quantum critical point. Our analysis indicates a significant lowering of the effective Debye temperature on approaching xc, which we interpret as a result of phonon softening accompanying the structural instability. Furthermore, a remarkably large enhancement of 2?/kBTc and ?C/?Tc beyond the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer values is found in the vicinity of the structural quantum critical point. The phase diagram of (CaxSr1?x)3Rh4Sn13 thus provides a model system to study the interplay between structural quantum criticality and strong electron-phonon coupling superconductivity
The Risk of Childhood Leukaemia in the Vicinity of Nuclear Installations: a review
No full textSince the early years of the peaceful use of atomic energy there has been a debate on possible adverse health effects due the radioactive discharges from the reactors. While this discussion was focussed on infant mortality in the 1960s (1), it is since the 1980s mainly based on findings of increased numbers of leukaemia cases. In 1984 there was the famous report on a ten-fold increase in leukaemia mortality among young people close to the Sellafield reprocessing plant (2). Further local excesses were reported such as from the second British reprocessing plant Dounreay in Scotland (3) and from the German nuclear power station Kruemmel (4, 5). Each of these reports led to a number of further investigations to find possible explanations. Partly based on these investigations, the hypothesis of population mixing as a cause of an increased leukaemia risk was developed by Kinlen (6).
Next to these local studies, larger multi-site studies were launched in several countries, e.g. UK, France and Germany. The population under study were mostly children at ages below 15 years. The multi-site studies revealed no elevated leukaemia risk among all children (see (7)). Still, some studies showed that there might be an elevated risk for the youngest age group (0-4 years) in the closest vicinity of the sites (about up to 5 km).
All the multi-site studies were ecological studies which compared the mortality or incidence rates in certain areas around the nuclear sites. Until recently and except one study conducted in relation to the excess cases found near the Sellafield site (8), there were no case-control studies or cohort studies looking into a relationship between living close to a nuclear site and the risk of leukaemia among children. Early 2008, a case-control study from Germany, which looked at 16 nuclear sites with overall 22 power stations, reported a trend for an increasing leukaemia risk among 0-4 years old children with decreasing distance of place of residence to the sites (9). This trend could be detected even when not taking the cases near the Kruemmel site into consideration. Within the 5-km circle around the sites, the leukaemia risk was roughly twofold increased.
As already mentioned, taking all internationally available ecological studies together, there is no hint for an increased leukaemia risk in the vicinity of nuclear installations for all children below the age of 15 (7). Thus, an elevated risk amongst the 0-4 years old would imply a lower risk amongst the 5-14 years old. That is exactly what can be seen based on German data (10). A recent re-analysis of extended data from Great Britain, which was first reported by COMARE (11), showed no increased risk for all children, but a higher risk for 0-4 years old than for those being 5-14 years of age. This risk was although not statistically significant highest within the 5-km-circle (12). For France, no elevated risks were found close to nuclear installations (13). Still, the values for the relative risks though lower than expected are higher amongst the 0-4 years old than they are for the other children.
A highly speculative assumption is that a yet undefined agent causes by gene-environment interaction an earlier onset of the disease close to the sites amongst vulnerable children (14). If so, this would explain the absence of additional cases among children of all ages.
Based on current knowledge on radiation risk, the radiation exposure to the public has to be considered as being too low by a factor of at least 1,000 to explain the observed effect described in the German study (9). But is has to be kept in mind that little is known about radiation effects from antenatal exposures or those during infancy on the leukaemia risk for ages up to 4 years.
References
1. L. A. Sagan, The infant mortality controversy. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 25, 26-28 (1969).
2. D. Black, Investigation of the possible increased incidence of cancer in West Cumbria. Report of the Independent Advisory Group. HMSO, London, 1984.
3. S. Darby and R. Doll, Fallout, radiation doses near Dounreay, and childhood leukaemia. BMJ 294, 603-606 (1987).
4. B. Grosche, D. Lackland, L. Mohr, J. Dunbar, J. Nicholas, W. Burkart and D. Hoel, Leukaemia in the vicinity of two tritium-releasing nuclear facilities: a comparison of the Kruemmel Site, Germany, and the Savannah River Site, South Carolina, USA. J Radiol Prot 19, 243-252. (1999).
5. W. Hoffmann, H. Dieckmann and I. Schmitz-Feuerhake, A cluster of childhood leukemia near a nuclear reactor in northern Germany. Arch Environ Health 52, 275-280. (1997).
6. L. J. Kinlen, F. O'Brien, K. Clarke, A. Balkwill and F. Matthews, Rural population mixing and childhood leukaemia: effects of the North Sea oil industry in Scotland, including the area near Dounreay nuclear site. BMJ 306, 743-748. (1993).
7. D. Laurier, B. Grosche and P. Hall, Risk of childhood leukaemia in the vicinity of nuclear installations-- findings and recent controversies. Acta Oncol 41, 14-24 (2002).
8. M. J. Gardner, M. P. Snee, A. J. Hall, C. A. Powell, S. Downes and J. D. Terrell, Results of case-control study of leukaemia and lymphoma among young people near Sellafield nuclear plant in West Cumbria. BMJ 300, 423-429. (1990).
9. P. Kaatsch, C. Spix, R. Schulze-Rath, S. Schmiedel and M. Blettner, Leukaemia in young children living in the vicinity of German nuclear power plants. Int J Cancer 122, 721-726 (2008).
10. U. Kaletsch, R. Meinert, A. Miesner, M. Hoisl, P. Kaatsch and J. Michaelis, Epidemiologische Studien zum Auftreten von Leukämieerkrankungen bei Kindern in Deutschland. BMU, Bonn, 1997.
11. COMARE, Tenth Report: The incidence of childhood cancer around nuclear installation in Great Britain. p. 46. HPA, 2005.
12. J. Bithell, Childhood Leukemia near British nuclear installations: methodological issues and recent results. In ICNIRP/WHO/BfS International Workshop on Risk Factors for Childhood Leukemia, Berlin, 2008.
13. M. L. White-Koning, D. Hemon, D. Laurier, M. Tirmarche, E. Jougla, A. Goubin and J. Clavel, Incidence of childhood leukaemia in the vicinity of nuclear sites in France, 1990-1998. Br J Cancer 91, 916-922 (2004).
14. D. Sinnett, N. N'Diaye, P. St-Onge and J. Healy, La leucémie de lenfant : Une maladie génétique!. Med Sci (Paris) 23, 968-974 (2007)
Bestimmt das Angebot die Förderquote? – Effekte der räumlichen Nähe von Förderschulen auf den Anteil von Schülerinnen und Schülern mit Förderbedarf an Grundschulen
No full textGoldan J, Grosche M. Bestimmt das Angebot die Förderquote? – Effekte der räumlichen Nähe von Förderschulen auf den Anteil von Schülerinnen und Schülern mit Förderbedarf an Grundschulen. Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft. 2021;24(3):693-713.**Zusammenfassung**
In dem vorliegenden Beitrag wird erstmals umfassend empirisch untersucht, ob vorhandene Angebotsstrukturen in Form von Förderschulen einen systematischen Einfluss auf die Zahl der als sonderpädagogisch förderbedürftig diagnostizierten Schülerinnen und Schüler an naheliegenden Grundschulen haben. Die Hypothese wird systemtheoretisch hergeleitet und anhand von statistischen und wissenschaftlichen Befunden verdeutlicht. Datenbasis bildet die amtliche Schulstatistik Nordrhein-Westfalens für die Grundschulen der Jahre 2010/11 bis 2017/18. Zur Überprüfung der Annahme, dass der Anteil der Schülerinnen und Schüler mit einem formal diagnostizierten Förderbedarf an Grundschulen höher ist, je geringer die räumliche Distanz zur nächstgelegenen Förderschule ausfällt, wird ein Tobit-Regressionsmodell unter Berücksichtigung der Mehrebenenstruktur der Daten berechnet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen für verschiedene Förderschwerpunkte – unter Kontrolle konfundierender Variablen – signifikante Effekte und bestätigen die Annahme. Mögliche Mechanismen des Effekts und Implikationen für die Praxis amtlicher Feststellungsverfahren werden vor dem Hintergrund der schulischen Inklusion beleuchtet.**Abstract**
The present paper is the first comprehensive empirical study to examine whether an available supply of special schools has a systematic influence on the number of students diagnosed with special educational needs (SEN) in nearby primary schools. The hypothesis is derived from systems theory and substantiated by statistical numbers and scientific findings. Data are based on the official school statistics of the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia for the years 2010/11 to 2017/18. To test the assumption that the proportion of students with SEN in primary schools is to be higher, the closer the distance to the nearest special school, a Tobit regression model is calculated considering the multi-level structure of the data. The results show significant negative effects for different categories of SEN—controlled by confounding variables—and thus confirm the hypothesis. Potential mechanisms of the effect and implications for the practice of formal SEN assessments are discussed with regard to inclusive education reforms
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