189 research outputs found
Design methodology for backhaul and distribution networks using TV white spaces
No full textSince the FCC’s approval of unlicensed use of TV white spaces, the issue of how to use these white spaces has led to innovative technologies such as cognitive radios as well as a variety of spectrum policy proposals. There have been proposals to devise alternate rules for spectrum usage citing the overly conservative restrictions on secondary transmissions to protect incumbents. In this thesis, instead, we propose to utilize white spaces for a backhaul network for internet traffic based on existing restrictions. Using the available white spaces and backhaul traffic demands in New Jersey as a case study, we evaluate the feasibility of such backhauling and present a methodology that can be used for other areas as well. Using a basic design involving fixed towers and directional antennas, our results show that the TV white spaces can be an effective medium for radio backhaul as an alternative to the costly laying of optical fiber. Although the most recent FCC ruling does not mandate protection of wireless microphones, we show that meeting the more stringent earlier FCC requirements on sensing and avoiding harm to wireless microphones would have only a minor impact on capacity. Finally, we study the aggregating of multiple data traffic flows at the nodes and show that, with proper engineering, multiple flows have but a slight effect on the need for optical fiber.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesby Cyrus Geram
Cutaneous malignant melanoma: Update on diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers
No full textThe incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma has rapidly increased in recent years in all parts of the world, and melanoma is a leading cause of cancer death. As even relatively small melanomas may have metastatic potential, accurate assessment of progression is critical. Although diagnosis of cutaneous malignant melanoma is usually based on histopathologic criteria, these criteria may at times be inadequate in differentiating melanoma from certain types of benign nevi. As for prognosis, tumor (Breslow) thickness, mitotic rate, and ulceration have been considered the most important prognostic indicators among histopathologic criteria. However, there are cases of thin primary melanomas that have ultimately developed metastases despite complete excision. Given this, an accurate assessment of melanoma progression is critical, and development of molecular biomarkers that identify high-risk melanoma in its early phase is urgently needed. Large-scale genomic profiling has identified considerable heterogeneity in melanoma and suggests subgrouping of tumors by patterns of gene expression and mutation will ultimately be essential to accurate staging. This subgrouping in turn may allow for more targeted therapy. 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Multicolor FISH with improved sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of malignant melanoma
No full textEvaluation of: Gerami P, Li G, Pouryazdanparast P et al. A highly specific and discriminatory FISH assay for distinguishing between benign and malignant melanocytic neoplasms. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 36(6), 808-817 (2012). The diagnosis of malignant melanoma remains a challenging aspect in the field of pathology. In the last years, FISH has become an important tool for the diagnosis of melanocytic tumors in addition to conventional microscopy. Benign and malignant melanomas can be discriminated using a four-probe FISH assay targeting 6p25, 6q23, Cep6 and 11q13. Gerami et al. proposed to refine this current probe set with the incorporation of chromosome 8q24 and 9p21 probes into the FISH assay, and hereby increase sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing between benign and malignant melanoma and improve the detection of spitzoid melanomas. In this article, the authors evaluate this newly-defined multicolor FISH probe set for the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. Optimizing diagnostic tests in malignant melanoma are important for current and future management of patients with melanocytic proliferations
Energy-Smart Buildings: A Conceptual Framework to Improve Buildings' Energy Performance
No full textBuildings contribute to nearly 40% of the carbon dioxide emissions in the United Kingdom, and a significant proportion of this energy is consumed to control the indoor environment (i.e., heating, cooling, and lighting). Several efforts have been undertaken to reduce the energy consumption of buildings. However, existing approaches often fail to capture a comprehensive image of the buildings and their occupants and, consequently, fail to forecast their energy consumption accurately. This paper aims to address this gap by proposing a novel framework for forecasting occupants' energy behaviour based on real-time video data processing and agent-based modelling (ABM) and, consequently, predicting buildings' energy consumption. The proposed framework is expected to improve the accuracy of energy simulation techniques by capturing the most realistic features of the building and its occupants through a mix of data-and law-driven techniques. The architecture of the proposed framework is presented in this paper as a proof of concept, and the feasibility of this framework is discussed
Energy-Smart Buildings: A Conceptual Framework to Improve Buildings’ Energy Performance
No full textBuildings contribute to nearly 40% of the carbon dioxide emissions in the United Kingdom, and a significant proportion of this energy is consumed to control the indoor environment (i.e., heating, cooling, and lighting). Several efforts have been undertaken to reduce the energy consumption of buildings. However, existing approaches often fail to capture a comprehensive image of the buildings and their occupants and, consequently, fail to forecast their energy consumption accurately. This paper aims to address this gap by proposing a novel framework for forecasting occupants' energy behaviour based on real-time video data processing and agent-based modelling (ABM) and, consequently, predicting buildings' energy consumption. The proposed framework is expected to improve the accuracy of energy simulation techniques by capturing the most realistic features of the building and its occupants through a mix of data-and law-driven techniques. The architecture of the proposed framework is presented in this paper as a proof of concept, and the feasibility of this framework is discussed
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Title Insurance Regulation in Texas: Challenges and Opportunities, PRP 171
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Soil salinity effects on phenological traits, plant height and seed yield in rapeseed genotypes
No full textAmong the various abiotic stresses limiting the crop production, salinity stress is the most important problem, which needs to be addressed and answered straight away. A pot experiment was carried out with rapeseed breeding lines in order to study the effects of salinity stress on phenological traits, plant height and seed yield of rapeseed. A factorial experiment was applied for evaluating the eight rapeseed genotypes under three salinity levels including 0, 6 and 12 dS m-1 taking NaCl:CaCl2 in the ratio of 1:1, which were equal to 42.8 mM and 85.7 mM, respectively. The results of analysis of the variance revealed significant variations among different salinity levels, genotypes and interaction effects of salinity levels × genotypes for days to flowering, days to end of flowering, days to maturity, plant height and seed yield. Due to increasing salinity levels, days to flowering, days to end of flowering and days to maturity were shortened. Although with increasing salinity levels plant height and seed yield of the genotypes were decreased but the ranks of genotypes were different in 0, 6 and 12 dS m-1 salinity levels. The genotypes had significant genetic differences for the traits and the increments of differences also were decreased due to increasing salinity levels. The genotypes had high amount of genetic coefficient variation for days to flowering and seed yield, therefore the efficiency of selection of these two traits will be high. The genotypes including KRN1, LRT1 and Hyola401 with high amounts of seed yield in all salinity levels were considered as tolerant genotypes
Rehabilitation of concrete one-way slabs using precast prestressed concrete prisms
No full textThe rehabilitation of structures is a complex process that involves many considerations. This paper presents results of a feasibility study on the use of precast prestressed concrete prisms (PCPs) as a near-surface mounted reinforcement for rehabilitation of cracked one-way slabs. The PCPs were cast with high-strength concrete and were concentrically prestressed by one 9 mm diameter stress-relieved seven-wire steel strand. Six identical one-way slabs with a length of 3000 mm were tested. They were loaded until cracking, then fully unloaded and rehabilitated with four PCPs before loading them to failure. Deflected profiles and crack widths of the slabs before and after rehabilitation were compared in this research. This rehabilitation method reduced the magnitude of deflection and crack width of the samples. The cracks induced in the first phase of loading before PCP rehabilitation appeared fully closed after the PCP rehabilitation until five times the original cracking loads of the slabs.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
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Differentiation of diabetic foot ulcer-derived induced pluripotent stem cells reveals distinct cellular and tissue phenotypes
No full textDiabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a major complication of diabetes, and there is a critical need to develop novel cell- and tissue-based therapies to treat these chronic wounds. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a replenishing source of allogeneic and autologous cell types that may be beneficial to improve DFU wound-healing outcomes. However, the biologic potential of iPSC-derived cells to treat DFUs has not, to our knowledge, been investigated. Toward that goal, we have performed detailed characterization of iPSC-derived fibroblasts from both diabetic and nondiabetic patients. Significantly, gene array and functional analyses reveal that iPSC-derived fibroblasts from both patients with and those without diabetes are more similar to each other than were the primary cells from which they were derived. iPSC-derived fibroblasts showed improved migratory properties in 2-dimensional culture. iPSC-derived fibroblasts from DFUs displayed a unique biochemical composition and morphology when grown as 3-dimensional (3D), self-assembled extracellular matrix tissues, which were distinct from tissues fabricated using the parental DFU fibroblasts from which they were reprogrammed. In vivo transplantation of 3D tissues with iPSC-derived fibroblasts showed they persisted in the wound and facilitated diabetic wound closure compared with primary DFU fibroblasts. Taken together, our findings support the potential application of these iPSC-derived fibroblasts and 3D tissues to improve wound healing.-Kashpur, O., Smith, A., Gerami-Naini, B., Maione, A. G., Calabrese, R., Tellechea, A., Theocharidis, G., Liang, L., Pastar, I., Tomic-Canic, M., Mooney, D., Veves, A., Garlick, J. A. Differentiation of diabetic foot ulcer-derived induced pluripotent stem cells reveals distinct cellular and tissue phenotypes
DEA Sensitivity Analysis for Parallel Production Systems
No full textIn this paper, we introduce systems consisting of several
production units, each of which include several subunits working in
parallel. Meanwhile, each subunit is working independently. The input
and output of each production unit are the sums of the inputs and
outputs of its subunits, respectively. We consider each of these subunits
as an independent decision making unit(DMU) and create the
production possibility set(PPS) produced by these DMUs, in which the
frontier points are considered as efficient DMUs. Then we introduce
models for obtaining the efficiency of the production subunits. Using
super-efficiency models, we categorize all efficient subunits into different
efficiency classes. Then we follow by presenting the sensitivity analysis
and stability problem for efficient subunits, including extreme efficient
and non-extreme efficient subunits, assuming simultaneous perturbations
in all inputs and outputs of subunits such that the efficiency of
the subunit under evaluation declines while the efficiencies of other subunits
improve
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