2,234 research outputs found
Dědictví a Inovace II - Polynéská literatura v angličtině - F. J. Frisbie, Patricia Grace a Sia Figiel: tři generace autorů
No full textDíla tří polynéských spisovatelek - Florence (Johnny) Frisbie (*1932 Cookovy ostrovy), Patricia Grace (*1937 Nový Zéland) a Sia Figiel (*1967 Samoa) - představují tři klíčové etapy vývoje polynéské literatury v angličtině a jsou úzce spjata s proměnami postkoloniálního kontextu. Autobiografie Miss Ulysses from Puka-Puka, napsaná F. J. Frisbie a vydána roku 1948, je definována jako zakládající dílo této nové literatury. Příběh je zasazen do polynéského koloniálního prostředí. Patricia Grace patří do první generace polynéských spisovatelů píšících anglicky. Účastní se takzvané "Maorské renesance", která je spojená s širším panpolynéským hnutím vzdoru proti britské koloniální nadvládě a kulturním obrozením původních obyvatel od 60. let dvacátého století. Sia Figiel je vůdčí spisovatelkou už etablované současné polynéské literatury 90. let. Celá oblast je dnes už téměř plně samostatná. Zvolená témata a práce s jazykem těchto tří polynéských spisovatelek spolu s jejich vybranými narativními technikami odrážejí rostoucí emancipaci původních obyvatel. Autorky se postupně osvobozují od norem standardní angličtiny a vzdalují se tradici evropského písemnictví. Stále výrazněji začleňují do importované anglicky psané románové formy slovní zásobu a gramatické struktury vlastních polynéských jazyků, ústní...The three Polynesian women writers - Florence (Johnny) Frisbie (b. 1932, Cook Islands), Patricia Grace (b. 1937, New Zealand) and Sia Figiel (b. 1967, Samoa) - represent three key stages in the development of Polynesian literature in English that are intrinsically linked to the transforming post-colonial context. Miss Ulysses from Puka-Puka: The Autobiography of a South Sea Trader's Daughter by F. J. Frisbie, published in 1948, is being defined as the founding text of this new literature. The autobiographical work is set in the Polynesian colonial background. Patricia Grace belongs to the first generation of Polynesian authors writing in English. She participates with them in the so-called "Maori Renaissance" that is embedded in the larger pan-Polynesian movement of resistance against British colonial hegemony and of indigenous cultural revivals started in the 1960's. Sia Figiel is a leading writer in the already established Polynesian contemporary literary scene of the 1990's. The region is almost entirely independent by now. The privileged literary themes and the linguistic choices of these three indigenous authors, together with their selected narrative techniques, reflect the on-going political and cultural emancipation of the autochthones. The writers increasingly liberate themselves from the...Department of Anglophone Literatures and CulturesÚstav anglofonních literatur a kulturFilozofická fakultaFaculty of Art
Heritage and Innovation II - Polynesian Literature in English - F. J. Frisbie, Patricia Grace and Sia Figiel: three generations of authors
No full textThe three Polynesian women writers - Florence (Johnny) Frisbie (b. 1932, Cook Islands), Patricia Grace (b. 1937, New Zealand) and Sia Figiel (b. 1967, Samoa) - represent three key stages in the development of Polynesian literature in English that are intrinsically linked to the transforming post-colonial context. Miss Ulysses from Puka-Puka: The Autobiography of a South Sea Trader's Daughter by F. J. Frisbie, published in 1948, is being defined as the founding text of this new literature. The autobiographical work is set in the Polynesian colonial background. Patricia Grace belongs to the first generation of Polynesian authors writing in English. She participates with them in the so-called "Maori Renaissance" that is embedded in the larger pan-Polynesian movement of resistance against British colonial hegemony and of indigenous cultural revivals started in the 1960's. Sia Figiel is a leading writer in the already established Polynesian contemporary literary scene of the 1990's. The region is almost entirely independent by now. The privileged literary themes and the linguistic choices of these three indigenous authors, together with their selected narrative techniques, reflect the on-going political and cultural emancipation of the autochthones. The writers increasingly liberate themselves from the..
Chiral tetranuclear and dinuclear copper(II) complexes for TEMPO-mediated aerobic oxidation of alcohols : are four metal centres better than two?
No full textThe one-pot reaction of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, (R)-2-aminoglycinol and Cu(OAc)2·2H2O in a 1 : 1 : 1 ratio in the presence of triethylamine led to the isolation of X-ray quality crystals of the chiral complex (R)-1 in high yield. The single crystal structure of (R)-1 reveals a tetranuclear copper(II) complex that contains a {Cu4(μ-O)2(μ3-O)2N4O4} core. A reaction using (1S,2R)-2-amino-1,2-diphenylethanol as precursor under the same conditions generated the chiral complex (S,R)-2; its structure was determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography and was found to contain a {Cu2(μ-O)2N2O2} core. Both (R)-1 and (S,R)-2 have been used for catalytic aerobic oxidation of benzylic alcohols in combination with the TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxyl) radical. (R)-1 selectively catalyses the conversion of various aromatic primary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes with high yields (99%) and TONs (770) in the air, while (S,R)-2 exhibits less promising catalytic performance under the same reaction conditions. The role of the cluster structures in (R)-1 and (S,R)-2 in controlling the reactivity towards aerobic oxidation reactions is discussed
Spectral Characterization Of Sums Of Commutators II
No full textFor countably generated ideals, J , of B(H), geometric stability is necessary for the canonical spectral characterization of sums of (J ; B(H))-commutators to hold. This answers a question raised by Dykema, Figiel, Weiss and Wodzicki. There are some ideals, J , having quasi-nilpotent elements that are not sums of (J ; B(H))-commutators. Also, every trace on every geometrically stable ideal is a spectral trace
Spectral Characterization Of Sums Of Commutators I
No full text. Suppose J is a two-sided quasi-Banach ideal of compact operators on a separable infinite-dimensional Hilbert space H. We show that an operator T 2 J can be expressed as finite linear combination of commutators [A; B] where A 2 J and B 2 B(H) if and only its eigenvalues (n ) (arranged in decreasing order of absolute value, repeated according to algebraic multiplicity and augmented by zeros if necessary) satisfy the condition that the diagonal operator diag f 1 n ( 1 + \Delta \Delta \Delta + n )g is a member of J : This answers (for quasi-Banach ideals) a question raised by Dykema, Figiel, Weiss and Wodzicki. 1. Introduction Let H be a separable infinite-dimensional Hilbert space, and let J be a (twosided) ideal contained in the ideal of compact operators K(H) on H: We define the commutator subspace Com J to be the closed linear span of commutators [A; B] = AB \Gamma BA where A 2 J and B 2 B(H): It has been shown by Dykema, Figiel, Weiss and Wodzicki in [3] that if I 1 and I 2 ar..
Between disability and translation. Persons with disabilities as creators and recipients of translations
No full textArtykuł dotyczy związków między zjawiskiem niepełnosprawności a translatoryką. Studia nad przekładem i studia o niepełnosprawności to relatywnie nowe dziedziny nauki, które do niedawna niewiele łączyło. Jednak od kilkunastu lat przekładoznawcy skupiają się na badaniach usług dostępu dla osób z niepełnosprawnością. Do usług tych należy m.in. audiodeskrypcja, tłumaczenie na język migowy czy też napisy dla niesłyszących. Mimo to wciąż niewiele jest badań poświęconych osobom z niepełnosprawnościami, które są twórcami, a nie odbiorcami, przekładu. Brakuje również translatoryków z niepełnosprawnością. Interdyscyplinarna perspektywa socjologii przekładu oraz studiów o niepełnosprawności może pomóc nadrobić te luki poprzez promocję bardziej włączającego podejścia do badań nad przekładem.This paper deals with the relations between the phenomena of disability and translation studies. Translation studies and disability studies are relatively new fields, which up until recently had little in common. However, for more than a dozen years now, scholars of translation have focused on research concerning access services for people with disabilities. These services include, among others, audio description, sign language interpretation and subtitles for the deaf and the hard of hearing. However, there is not too much research concerning people with disabilities as creators, and not recipients, of translation. There is also a lack of translation scholars with disabilities. The interdisciplinary perspective of sociology of translation and disability studies may help to bridge this gap by providing a more inclusive approach to studies on translation.Publikacja dofinansowana ze środków Polskiego Towarzystwa Socjologiczneg
Correlation of pull-out strength of cement-augmented pedicle screws with CT-volumetric measurement of cement
No full textBackground: Cement augmentation of pedicle screws increases fixation strength in an osteoporotic spine. This study was designed to determine the cement distribution and the correlation between the pull-out strength of the augmented screw and the cement volume within polyurethane (PU) foam. Methods: Twenty-eight cannulated pedicle screws (6 x 45 mm) (Peter Brehm, Erlangen, Germany) with four holes at the distal end of the screw were augmented with the acrylic Stabilit ER Bone Cement Vertebral Augmentation System (DFine Inc., San Jose, CA, USA) and implanted into open-cell rigid PU foam (Pacific Research Laboratories, Vashon Island, WA, USA) with a density of 0.12 g/cm(3), resembling severe osteoporosis. Volumetric measurement of the cement with consideration of the distribution around the screws was done with multislice computed tomography scan (Somatom Definition, Siemens, Erlangen, Germany). Pull-out strength was tested with a servohydraulic system (MTS System Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN, USA), and nonaugmented screws served as control. Pearson ' s correlation coefficient with significance level a = 0.05 and one-way analysis of variance test were used. Results: We found a high (r = 0.88) and significant (p < 0.01) correlation between the cement volume and the pull-out strength, which increased by more than 5-fold with a volume of 3 ml. The correlation appeared linear at least up to 4 ml cement volume and failure always occurred at the cement-bone interface. The cement distribution was symmetric and circular around the most proximal hole, with a distance of 14 mm from the tip, and nearly 90% of the cement was found 6 mm distal and cranial to it. The 95% confidence interval for the relative amount of cement was 37% -41% within 2 mm of the most proximal hole. Conclusion: Compared with the control, a cement volume between 2.0 and 3.0 ml increased the pull-out strength significantly and is relevant for clinical purposes, whereas a volume of 0.5 ml did not. A cement volume beyond 3.0 ml should further increase the pull-out strength because the correlation was linear at least up to 4.0 ml, but the possibility of in vivo cement leakage with increasing volume has to be considered. Pressure-controlled cement application might be a tool to avoid this complication. The cement almost completely penetrated the most proximal perforation
An ordinal version of some applications of the classical interpolation theorem
No full textLet E be a Banach space with a separable dual. Zippin's theorem asserts that E embeds in a Banach space with a shrinking basis, and W. J. Davis, T. Figiel, W. B. Johnson and A. Pełczyński have shown that E is a quotient of a Banach space with a shrinking basis. These two results use the interpolation theorem established by W. J. Davis, T. Figiel, W. B. Johnson and A. Pełczyński. Here, we prove that the Szlenk indices of and can be controlled by the Szlenk index of E, where the Szlenk index is an ordinal index associated with a separable Banach space which provides a transfinite measure of the separability of the dual space
Heavy meson production at HERA
No full textThe copious production of charm mesons at HERA has allowed QCD to be probed in open charm and charm vector meson production. Elastic and proton-dissociatve photoproduction of J/ψ mesons have been measured at HERA. The data are compared to other measurements and the W and t dependences are parametrised using phenomenological fits. The ψ (2S) state has also been measured exclusively and the ratio of its production rate to J/ψ mesons presented as a function of the kinematic variables. Inelastic production of J/ψ and ψ(2S) mesons gives insight into non-relativistic QCD and final results are presented here. Open charm production has been measured in order to better understand the fragmentation process of charm mesons as well as giving insight into the structure of the proton
Trading arrangements and industrial development
No full textHow do different trading arrangements influence the industrialization process of developing countries? Can preferential trading arrangements (PTAs) be superior to multilateral liberalization, or at least an alternative when multilateral liberalization proceeds slowly? If so, what form should the PTAs take? Are developing countries better advised to seek PTAs with industrial countries or among themselves? Traditional analysis of these issues has been based on the idea of trade creation and trade diversion. The problem with this analysis is that it starts from assuming a pattern of comparative advantage of newly industrialized countries. The experience of these countries suggests the need for an analysis in which the pattern of comparative advantage is not set in stone but is potentially flexible, and in which less developed countries can develop and converge in both income and economic structure to industrial economies. The authors outline an alternative approach for analyzing the role of trade in promoting industrial development. There are few fundamental differences between countries that generate immutable patterns of comparative advantage. Instead the pattern of trade and development in the world economy is determined mainly by history. Cumulative causation has created concentrations of industrial activity in particular locations (industrial countries) and left other areas more dependent on primary activities. Economic development can be thought of as the spread of these concentrations from country to country. Different trading arrangements may have a major impact on this development process. By changing the attractiveness of countries as a base for manufacturing production they can potentially trigger or postpone industrial development. This approach explains why firms are reluctant to move to economies that have lower wages and labor costs, and shows how trade liberalization can change the incentives to become established in developing countries. It provides a mechanism through which import liberalization can have a powerful effect in promoting industrialization. And it suggests that import liberalization may create or amplify differences between liberalizing countries with the possible political tensions this may create. While these features are consistent with the world economy, they fall short of providing convincing empirical support for the approach. Using the approach, the authors derive number of conclusions about the effects of trade liberalization. First, that unilaterally liberalizing imports of manufactures can promote development of the local manufacturing industry. The mechanism is forward linkages from imported intermediates, but this may be interpreted as part of a wider package of linkages coming from these imports. Second, the gains from liberalization through PTA membership are likely to exceed those obtained from unilateral action. South-South PTAs will be sensitive to the market size of member states, and North-South PTAs seem to offer better prospects for participating Southern economies, if not for North and excluded countries. Third, the effects of particular schemes (such as the division of benefits between Southern economies) will depend on the characteristics of the countries and cross-country differences in these characteristics.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Water and Industry,Labor Policies,Banks&Banking Reform,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Trade and Regional Integration,Water and Industry
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