1,721,049 research outputs found
The effect of surface treatments and graphene-based modifications on mechanical properties of natural jute fiber composites: A review
Full text linkNatural fiber reinforced composites (FRC) are of great interests, because of their biodegradability, recyclability, and environmental benefits over synthetic FRC. Natural jute FRC could provide an environmentally sustainable, light weight, and cost-effective alternative to synthetic FRC. However, the application of natural jute FRC is limited because of their poor mechanical and interfacial properties. Graphene and its derivatives could potentially be applied to modify jute fiber surface for manufacturing natural FRC with excellent mechanical properties, and lower environmental impacts. Here, we review the physical and chemical treatments, and graphene-based modifications of jute fibers, and their effect on mechanical properties of jute FRC. We introduce jute fiber structure, chemical compositions, and their potential applications first. We then provide an overview of various surface treatments used to improve mechanical properties of jute FRC. We discuss and compare various graphene derivative-based surface modifications of jute fibers, and their impact on the performance of FRC. Finally, we provide our future perspective on graphene-based jute fibers research to enable next generation strong and sustainable FRC for high performance engineering applications without conferring environmental problems
Metal-Organic Framework (MOF)-based smart e-textile supercapacitors
No full textWearable electronic textiles, also known as e-textiles, have surfaced as a promising means of seamless and unobstructed incorporation of electronic health monitoring gadgets into our daily routines. Yet, creating high-performance and flexible energy storage solutions still presents a notable hurdle in advancing these technologies. Nevertheless, creating efficient, adaptable, and expandable energy storage solutions continues to pose a noteworthy obstacle in powering these devices. This study demonstrates a facile strategy to design and fabricate MOF-based smart wearable e-textiles for all-solid-state textile supercapacitors. We report the fabrication of highly flexible and washable e-textiles by exploiting screen printing, pad-dry coating and inkjet print technology utilising a standalone MOF. The fabricated e-textiles were used as electrodes for an all-solid-state textile supercapacitor. The high areal capacitance of ~221.51 mF cm-2, ~359.4 mF cm-2 and ~353.5 mF cm-2 were achieved at a scan rate of 1 mVs-1 for screen print, pad-dry coating and inkjet printing technology respectively. With high energy densities of ~123.06 µWh cm−2 (screen print), ~199.66 µWh cm−2 (coating) and ~196.39 µWh cm−2 (inkjet print) and very high-power densities ~55 377.5 µW cm−2 (screen print) ~55 291.54 µW cm−2 (coating) ~54 385.38 µW cm−2 (inkjet print), the supercapacitors also showed outstanding capacitance retention (⁓97.4-97.9%) after 1 000 cycles. Our findings successfully demonstrate the potential of MOF-based smart textiles for wearable electronics applications, especially opening a new pathway for high-performance textile-based energy storage solutions.<br/
Scalable production of 2D material heterostructure textiles for high-performance wearable supercapacitors
Full text linkWearable electronic textiles (e-textiles) have emerged as a promising platform for seamless integration of electronic devices into everyday life, enabling nonintrusive monitoring of human health. However, the development of efficient, flexible, and scalable energy storage solutions remains a significant challenge for powering such devices. Here, we address this challenge by leveraging the distinct properties of two-dimensional (2D) material based heterostructures to enhance the performance of wearable textile supercapacitors. We report a highly scalable and controllable synthesis method for graphene and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) through a microfluidization technique. Subsequently, we employ an ultrafast and industry-scale hierarchical deposition approach using a pad-dry method to fabricate 2D heterostructure based textiles with various configurations suitable for wearable e-textiles applications. Comparative analyses reveal the superior performance of wearable textile supercapacitors based on 2D material heterostructures, demonstrating excellent areal capacitance (∼105.08 mF cm-2), high power density (∼1604.274 μW cm-2) and energy density (∼58.377 μWh cm-2), and outstanding capacitive retention (∼100% after 1000 cycles). Our findings highlight the pivotal role of 2D material based heterostructures in addressing the challenges of performance and scalability in wearable energy storage devices, facilitating large-scale production of high-performance wearable supercapacitors
Effects of reductive stripping of reactive dyes on the quality of cotton fabric
Full text linkSome common problems of textile dyeing industries include uneven or faulty dyeing and formation of color patches on the fabric surface during dyeing and downstream processing of textiles materials. Such problems in the finished quality of fabric are generally tackled through a chemical stripping process which is a common practice in dyeing industries for the deep shade batches. However, reactive dyes cannot be stripped satisfactorily from cellulosic materials due to the formation of co-valent bonds between dye and fiber. This research was undertaken using 2.5% and 5% bi-hetero reactive dyes on pretreated cotton fabric and dye stripping was carried out in alkali reductive stripping process. The aim of the work was to investigate the effects of dye stripping on the quality of cotton fabric. Strength loss, weight loss, pilling resistance and absorbency of stripped fabric were calculated. Though with the increase of concentration of stripping chemicals and temperature, stripping percentages were improved; processing damage to the fabric such as losses in strength, weight and pilling resistance ratings was found. In contrast, increased fabric absorbency was found due to stripping. This is explained that during stripping, alkaline solution as an intracrystalline swelling agent is effective in loosening the crystalline region of cotton in addition to the amorphous region. Stripping agent can also attack such crystalline region. As a result, cotton fiber can release maximum number of hydroxyl groups which previously formed covalent bonds. This is the reason behind the stripped fabric having more water absorbency
Smart electronic textile‐based wearable supercapacitors
Full text linkElectronic textiles (e-textiles) have drawn significant attention from the scientific and engineering community as lightweight and comfortable next-generation wearable devices due to their ability to interface with the human body, and continuously monitor, collect, and communicate various physiological parameters. However, one of the major challenges for the commercialization and further growth of e-textiles is the lack of compatible power supply units. Thin and flexible supercapacitors (SCs), among various energy storage systems, are gaining consideration due to their salient features including excellent lifetime, lightweight, and high-power density. Textile-based SCs are thus an exciting energy storage solution to power smart gadgets integrated into clothing. Here, materials, fabrications, and characterization strategies for textile-based SCs are reviewed. The recent progress of textile-based SCs is then summarized in terms of their electrochemical performances, followed by the discussion on key parameters for their wearable electronics applications, including washability, flexibility, and scalability. Finally, the perspectives on their research and technological prospects to facilitate an essential step towards moving from laboratory-based flexible and wearable SCs to industrial-scale mass production are presented
Inkjet‐printed 2D heterostructures for smart textile micro‐supercapacitors
No full textWearable electronic textiles (e-textiles) have emerged as promising healthcare solutions, offering point-of-care diagnostics while maintaining breathability, comfort, durability, and environmental stability with strong mechanical performance. However, the lack of thin and flexible power supplies hinders their practical adoption. In this regard, textile-based micro-energy storage devices present an appealing solution. Inkjet printing offers the capability to produce high-quality prints with sharp details and versatile substrate compatibility, making it an ideal choice for a wide array of printing applications. Here, the preparation of a range of inkjet-printable 2D material inks is reported for the fabrication of ultra-flexible and machine-washable textile micro-supercapacitors. Then 2D material heterostructures are proposed to enhance the performance of textile supercapacitors. This study reveals that a unique combination of highly conductive graphene with an insulator hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) can enhance the areal capacitance of graphene-based textile supercapacitors by ≈82.48%. The heterostructure-based supercapacitors also demonstrate higher energy (≈18.06 µWh cm −2) and power densities (≈4333.33 µW cm −2) with excellent capacitance retention (≈95% after 1000 cycles). These findings on inkjet-printed heterostructure-based supercapacitors may herald a new era for the future application of high-performance micro-supercapacitors within textile-based wearable technology.</p
Sustainable fiber‐reinforced composites: a review
No full textSustainable fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites from renewable and biodegradable fibrous materials and polymer matrices are of great interest, as they can potentially reduce environmental impacts. However, the overall properties of such composites are still far from the high-performance conventional glass or carbon FRP composites. Therefore, a balance between composite performance and biodegradability is required with approaches to what one might call an eco-friendly composite. This review provides an overview of sustainable FRP composites, their manufacturing techniques, and sustainability in general at materials, manufacturing, and end-of-life levels. Sustainable plant-based natural fibers and polymer matrices are also summarized, followed by an overview of their modification techniques to obtain high-performance, multifunctional, and sustainable FRP composites. Current state-of-the-art mechanical and functional properties of such composites are then surveyed, and an overview of their potential applications in various industries, including automobile, aerospace, construction, medical, sports, and electronics is provided. Finally, future market trends, current challenges, and the future perspective on sustainable natural FRP composites are discussed
Highly scalable, sensitive and ultraflexible graphene‐based wearable e‐textiles sensor for bio‐signal detection
Full text linkAbstract: Graphene‐based wearable electronic textiles (e‐textiles) show promise for next‐generation personalized healthcare applications due to their non‐invasive nature. However, the poor performance, less comfort, and higher material cost limit their wide applications. Here a simple and scalable production method of producing graphene‐based electro‐conductive yarn that is further embroidered to realize piezoresistive sensors is reported. The multilayer structures improved the conductivity of the piezoresistive sensors, exhibiting good sensitivity with high response and recovery speed. Additionally, the potential applications of such wearable, ultraflexible and machine‐washable piezoresistive sensors as pressure and breathing sensors are demonstrated. This will be an important step toward realizing multifunctional applications of wearable e‐textiles for next‐generation personalized healthcare applications
Advances in printed electronic textiles
Full text linkElectronic textiles (e-textiles) have emerged as a revolutionary solution for personalized healthcare, enabling the continuous collection and communication of diverse physiological parameters when seamlessly integrated with the human body. Among various methods employed to create wearable e-textiles, printing offers unparalleled flexibility and comfort, seamlessly integrating wearables into garments. This has spurred growing research interest in printed e-textiles, due to their vast design versatility, material options, fabrication techniques, and wide-ranging applications. Here, a comprehensive overview of the crucial considerations in fabricating printed e-textiles is provided, encompassing the selection of conductive materials and substrates, as well as the essential pre- and post-treatments involved. Furthermore, the diverse printing techniques and the specific requirements are discussed, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each method. Additionally, the multitude of wearable applications made possible by printed e-textiles is explored, such as their integration as various sensors, supercapacitors, and heated garments. Finally, a forward-looking perspective is provided, discussing future prospects and emerging trends in the realm of printed wearable e-textiles. As advancements in materials science, printing technologies, and design innovation continue to unfold, the transformative potential of printed e-textiles in healthcare and beyond is poised to revolutionize the way wearable technology interacts and benefits
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