639 research outputs found
First record of Hamacantha (Porifera, Demospongiae, Merliida, Hamacanthidae) from Japan, with description of two new species
No full textIse, Yuji, Woo, Sau Pinn, Tan, Shau Hwai, Fujita, Toshihiko (2019): First record of Hamacantha (Porifera, Demospongiae, Merliida, Hamacanthidae) from Japan, with description of two new species. Zootaxa 4657 (3): 474-482, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4657.3.
Hamacanthidae Gray 1872
No full textFamily Hamacanthidae Gray, 1872 Genus Hamacantha Gray, 1867 Subgenus Vomerula Schmidt, 1880Published as part of Ise, Yuji, Woo, Sau Pinn, Tan, Shau Hwai & Fujita, Toshihiko, 2019, First record of Hamacantha (Porifera, Demospongiae, Merliida, Hamacanthidae) from Japan, with description of two new species, pp. 474-482 in Zootaxa 4657 (3) on pages 475-476, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4657.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/337195
FIGURE 4 in First record of Hamacantha (Porifera, Demospongiae, Merliida, Hamacanthidae) from Japan, with description of two new species
No full textFIGURE 4. Hamacantha (Vomerula) umisachii sp. nov., holotype (NSMT-Po-2488). A, external morphology. B, skeletal arrangement of surface of ectosome. Note darker parts are bouquets of upward styles (b). C, other magnified view of surface of ectosome. Sheet of styles gather to bouquets (b). D, diancistras attach on bundle of styles. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, C, 100 µm; D, 50 µm.Published as part of Ise, Yuji, Woo, Sau Pinn, Tan, Shau Hwai & Fujita, Toshihiko, 2019, First record of Hamacantha (Porifera, Demospongiae, Merliida, Hamacanthidae) from Japan, with description of two new species, pp. 474-482 in Zootaxa 4657 (3) on page 479, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4657.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/337195
Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. Sp., a new branching annelid from Japan
No full text© The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Aguado, M. T., Ponz-Segrelles, G., Glasby, C. J., Ribeiro, R. P., Nakamura, M., Oguchi, K., Omori, A., Kohtsuka, H., Fisher, C., Ise, Y., Jimi, N., & Miura, T. Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. Sp., a new branching annelid from Japan. Organisms Diversity & Evolution. (2022), https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-021-00538-4.Among over 20,000 species of Annelida, only two branching species with a highly modified body-pattern are known until now: the Syllidae Syllis ramosa McIntosh, 1879, and Ramisyllis multicaudata Glasby et al. (Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 164, 481–497, 2012). Both have unusual ramified bodies with one head and multiple branches and live inside the canals of host sponges. Using an integrative approach (combining morphology, internal anatomy, ecology, phylogeny, genetic divergence, and the complete mitochondrial genome), we describe a new branching species from Japan, Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp., inhabiting an undescribed species of Petrosia (Porifera: Demospongiae) from shallow waters. We compare the new species with its closest relative, R. multicaudata; emend the diagnosis of Ramisyllis; and discuss previous reports of S. ramosa. This study suggests a much higher diversity of branching syllids than currently known. Finally, we discuss possible explanations for the feeding behaviour in the new species in relation to its highly ciliated wall of the digestive tubes (especially at the distal branches and anus), and provide a hypothesis for the evolution of branching body patterns as the result of an adaptation to the host sponge labyrinthic canal system.Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. This study was financed by the Biodiversitätsmuseum (PI:MTA), Georg August University, Göttingen, and by Grant-in Aid for Scientific Research A (No. 18H04006) (PI:TM) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. GP-S was supported by the “Contratos Predoctorales para la Formación de Doctores 2016” program of MINECO, Spain (code: BES-2016–076419), co-financed by the European Social Found. RPR was supported by the program “Contratos predoctorales para Formación de Personal Investigador, FPI-UAM,” Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Churabana Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer 2022, GEN. NOV.
No full textGENUS CHURABANA GEN. NOV. (FIG. 4A–H) Z o o b a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n: u r n: l s i d: z o o b a n k. org:act: EACFCC05-EA56-4F04-94A2-FB716F22004C. Type species: Churabana kuroshioae sp. nov. by original designation. Diagnosis: Parazoanthidae with obligate symbiotic relationship with massive hexasterophoran sponges. Preserved polyps 3.0–4.0 mm in height, 2.8–4.0 mm in diameter. Azooxanthellate. Cteniform endodermal marginal musculature. Remarks: Churabana and other already described sponge-associated zoantharian genera can be easily distinguished from each other by their host sponges (Hexactinellida sponges vs. Demospongiae sponge) and depths; the former can be found at> 140 m, while the latter are found in shallow coral reefs. Although Churabana and several species within Isozoanthus and Epizoanthus are associated with Hexactinellida sponges, these three genera can be distinguished from each other by their hosts: the latter two genera are associated with species within the subclass Amphidiscophora, while species of Churabana are associated with sponge species within the subclass Hexasterophora. Churabana has a unique deletion of 15 bp (from position 168 to 182 in our alignment) in its 16S-rDNA region. Etymology: The generic name is derived from the Ryukyuan language words chura, beautiful, and bana, flower, referring to the appearance of this species. Gender feminine. The Japanese name is 'Chura-tama-sunaginchaku'.Published as part of Kise, Hiroki, Montenegro, Javier, Santos, Maria E. A., Hoeksema, Bert W., Ekins, Merrick, Ise, Yuji, Higashiji, Takuo, Fernandez-Silva, Iria & Reimer, James D., 2022, Evolution and phylogeny of glass-sponge-associated zoantharians, with a description of two new genera and three new species, pp. 323-347 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 on page 333, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab068, http://zenodo.org/record/579959
Vitrumanthus Kise & Montenegro & Santos & Hoeksema & Ekins & Ise & Higashiji & Fernandez-Silva & Reimer 2022, GEN. NOV.
No full textGENUS VITRUMANTHUS GEN. NOV. (FIGS 6–8) Type species: Vitrumanthus schrieri sp. nov. by original designation. Zoobank registration: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 00F773E4-4535-49F4-8CDA-30F569190BEF. Diagnosis: Parazoanthidae with obligate symbiotic r e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h m a s s i v e h e x a s t e r o p h o r a n a n d D e m o s p o n g i a e s p o n g e s. P r e s e r v e d p o l y p s 0.3–3.1 mm in length, 0.8–3.4 mm in diameter. Azooxanthellate. Cyclically transitional marginal musculature. Remarks: Vitrumanthus is distinguished from genus Churabana by its marginal musculature. In Vitrumanthus, cyclically transitional marginal musculature with several mesogleal lacunae was observed, while in Churabana cteniform endodermal marginal musculature with comb-like mesogleal pleats was seen. Molecular phylogenetic analyses clearly support the distinctiveness between Churabana and Vitrumanthus. In the 16S-rDNA region, Vitrumanthus has a unique deletion of 15 bp (positions 136–150 in our alignment). Etymology: The generic name is derived from the Latin word vitruma, glass, and Greek word anthos, flower, referring to the appearance of this genus. Gender masculine. The Japanese name is 'Ruri-sunaginchaku'.Published as part of Kise, Hiroki, Montenegro, Javier, Santos, Maria E. A., Hoeksema, Bert W., Ekins, Merrick, Ise, Yuji, Higashiji, Takuo, Fernandez-Silva, Iria & Reimer, James D., 2022, Evolution and phylogeny of glass-sponge-associated zoantharians, with a description of two new genera and three new species, pp. 323-347 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 on page 336, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab068, http://zenodo.org/record/579959
<Articles>Muromachi-period Disasters and Ise Jingu (Special Issue : DISASTERS in History and in our time)
No full text国家の宗廟たる伊勢神宮では、災異が発生した際には、朝幕から祈祷命令が出されて祈祷が行われた。九世紀に怪異に対する国家の対処方法が確立されて以降室町時代までは、伊勢神宮において境内の木が倒れたり、社殿の千木が折れたり屋根が崩落したりすると、それは怪異とみなされて朝廷に報告された。そして朝廷では軒廊御トを行って怪異の原因が追及され、奉幣などの対応がなされた。神社にとって重要なのは、社殿が整っていて清浄な状態にあることであり、祭祀が決められたとおりに挙行されることによってカミは力を発揮することができた。ゆえに怪異・災害と遷宮は連動しており、中世の伊勢神宮では仮殿遷宮が頻繁に行われた。中世社会においては、災害は単なる自然現象ではなく、カミの意思のあわわれであって、カミの意思を推し量って災害を鎮めることが求められた。At Ise Jingu, a mausoleum (sobyo) of the imperial progenitor, prayers were conducted whenever orders for such prayers, which had been issued by the court or the bakufu, were received. The orders were issued by the authorities whenever disasters or uncanny events occurred somewhere in Japan. From the time in the 9th century, when the national policy for responding to uncanny events was established, until the Muromachi period, when mysterious phenomena would occur at Ise Jingu--trees within the precincts would topple, or the roof of the main shrine building would be smashed by falling trees; these would be deemed uncanny events and reported to the imperial court. The court would then investigate for precedents, have officials of the Jingikan (Office for Worship of Native Divinities) and the Onmyoryo (Bureau of the Ying-Yang Practitioners) conduct divinations, called Konro no miura, to determine the cause, and report on possible evil omens of future reoccurrences. Then, on the bases of these reports, high-ranking nobles would conduct exorcisms in an attempt to cope with these uncanny events. When the Konro no miura divinations were rendered, the result was often "a violation of the native kami; an impure pollution, " and in response offerings to the shrine or repairs of the main shrine building would be carried out. Uncanny events were thought to be representation of the kami's intent, i. e. the divine will, and throughout medieval society, the state attempted to prevent crises before they arose by interpreting these signs. Medieval Japan was a divine country, and as was recorded in the Goseibai shikimoku legal codes, it was thought that, "the authority of the kami was increased by the respect of the people, and the fortune of the people was multiplied by the virtue of the kami." Thus it was a particularly important task to preserve the purity of the shrine and have rites conducted continuously. By maintaining the shrine in good condition and preserving its purity, the kami could exercise its power, pollution could be avoided, and if by chance one were to become polluted, the polluted location would be excised, and the grave response of ceasing rites could be carried out. Because it was thought divine authority was reduced when uncanny events and disasters occurred or the main shrine building was damaged, it was necessary to repair and rebuild the main shrine building and keep it in a pure state. The main shrine building at Ise Jingu was completely rebuilt and transferred (sengu) "once every twenty years" (shikinen) as a national project, but if the main shrine building was damaged in the interim, the divine spirit was transferred to a temporary shrine, and when the main shrine building was repaired, the divine spirit was returned. Thus a temporary-shrine transfer was employed as a measure to cope with the problem. The appearance of frequent use of temporary-shrine transfers in the medieval period was not due to a rise in sense of reverence, nor more frequent disasters, nor a decline in the level of technical skills needed to transfer the shrine, nor the impossibility of obtaining suitable materials, but was most likely due instead to an increasing consciousness of the uncanny and of pollution as well as a rising consciousness of the necessity of preserving the purity of the shrine precincts and maintaining the shrine itself in a proper state. Comparing the number of uncanny events that occurred at Ise Jingu with the number at other shrines, it is clear that the number at Ise, along with that of such events at Iwashimizu Hachimangu, was particularly high, which was a result of the fact that the two shrines were sobyo, mausoleums for imperial ancestors, who protected the nation Then, a special characteristic of the uncanny events at Ise Jingu was that damage to the main shrine building was considered an uncanny event and reported to the state. The replacement of the shrine was ultimately the responsibility of the state, and it differed from other shrines in this respect, and thus damage to the shrine building was treated as an uncanny event and immediately reported to the state. However, in the latter half of the Muromachi period, even if there was a report of uncanny events, the response of an immediate transfer to a temporary shrine could not be carried out due to the paucity of state funds. I have clarified above that disasters were not natural phenomena but divine will during the medieval period, and that it was though necessary to fathom the divine intentions in order to placate them and prevent additional crises. Further, I surmise that as Ise Jingu was a core institution capable of detecting uncanny events of national consequence, in the case of damage to the main shrine building, there was a need to maintain the shrine in proper condition by employing a temporary-shrine transfer as was used in the regular shikinen sengu
Epizoanthus Gray 1867
No full textGENUS EPIZOANTHUS GRAY, 1867 Type species: Dysidea papillosa Johnston, 1842, by monotypy (see also Opinion 1689 in ICZN, 1992). Diagnosis: Macrocnemic zoantharians with simple mesogleal musculature, readily distinguishable from Palaeozoanthus by the presence of non-fertile micromesenteries (Sinniger & Häussermann 2009).Published as part of Kise, Hiroki, Montenegro, Javier, Santos, Maria E. A., Hoeksema, Bert W., Ekins, Merrick, Ise, Yuji, Higashiji, Takuo, Fernandez-Silva, Iria & Reimer, James D., 2022, Evolution and phylogeny of glass-sponge-associated zoantharians, with a description of two new genera and three new species, pp. 323-347 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 on page 327, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab068, http://zenodo.org/record/579959
Kauluzoanthus SINNIGER
No full textGENUS KAULUZOANTHUS SINNIGER ET AL., 2013 Type species: Kauluzoanthus kerbyi Sinniger et al., 2013 Diagnosis: Polyps do not contract when fixed. Characteristic insertion/deletion pattern in the 16S V5 region sensu Sinniger et al. (2005) (Sinniger et al., 2013).Published as part of Kise, Hiroki, Montenegro, Javier, Santos, Maria E. A., Hoeksema, Bert W., Ekins, Merrick, Ise, Yuji, Higashiji, Takuo, Fernandez-Silva, Iria & Reimer, James D., 2022, Evolution and phylogeny of glass-sponge-associated zoantharians, with a description of two new genera and three new species, pp. 323-347 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 on page 341, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab068, http://zenodo.org/record/579959
Fig. 3 in Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp., a new branching annelid from Japan
No full textFig. 3 Maximum likelihood tree obtained when analysing the concatenated data matrix (28S + 18S + COI + 16S). Bootstrap support values below nodes. Syllis and Typosyllis species as they were originally describedPublished as part of Aguado, M. Teresa, Ponz-Segrelles, Guillermo, Glasby, Christopher J., Ribeiro, Rannyele P., Nakamura, Mayuko, Oguchi, Kohei, Omori, Akihito, Kohtsuka, Hisanori, Fisher, Christian, Ise, Yuji, Jimi, Naoto & Miura, Toru, 2022, Ramisyllis kingghidorahi n. sp., a new branching annelid from Japan, pp. 377-405 in Organisms Diversity & Evolution 22 on page 8, DOI: 10.1007/s13127-021-00538-4, http://zenodo.org/record/591458
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