1,721,082 research outputs found
Commentary on Introna F, Di Vella G, Campobasso CP. Determination of postmortem interval from old skeletal remains by image analysis of luminol test results. J Forensic Sci 1999; 44 (3): 535-8.
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Frontline experts in death investigation: the powerful link between the forensic entomologist and the forensic pathologist
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L'entomologia forense
No full textL’entomologia forense ha per anni studiato il ruolo degli insetti nei
processi di decadimento cadaverico contribuendo così in misura rilevante
alle stime sull’epoca di morte. La grande variabilità dei classici segni
post-mortali quali ipostasi, rigidità, raffreddamento cadaverico e putrefazione
ha portato a privilegiare l’uso del metodo entomologico in ambito
medico-legale in ragione della maggiore oggettività e ripetibilità dei tempi
di sviluppo degli insetti che per primi colonizzano la materia organica
in decomposizione. Le conoscenze acquisite nel tempo, tuttavia, hanno
permesso di verificare che lo studio degli insetti associati ad un cadavere
fornisce utili indicazioni non solo in ambito tanatocronologico ma anche
sui mezzi e sulla causa del decesso (v. entomotossicologia), risultando
talora dirimenti per il patologo forense in eventi di interesse tipicamente
medico-legale quali omicidi, intossicazioni, politraumatismi, depezzamenti,
abusi e maltrattamenti, etc. Una analisi approfondita e altamente specialistica degli insetti che partecipano ai processi di trasformazione
della materia organica consente altresì di verificare fatti circostanziali
o elementi investigativi correlati alle modalità delittuose dell’evento,
ai luoghi ove questo è stato perpetrato e all’eventuale sospetto autore del
reato contribuendo così, talvolta in maniera anche decisiva, alle indagini
di Polizia Giudiziaria.
Il presente capitolo illustra le basi scientifiche della disciplina entomologica
forense e i risvolti applicativi in ambito medico-legale, esaminando
vantaggi e svantaggi alla luce delle recenti acquisizioni sperimentali
Postmortem or Perimortem Injury? Presentation of an incredible court case in which flames are the protagonists of a murder
No full textBackground: Establishing the cause of death when analysing burnt human remains is limiting due to thermal degradation. The heat generated by high combustion degrades the bone structure, definitively hiding the perimortem trauma in most cases, which is crucial for solving a court case. Case report: In November 2019, a completely burnt corpse was found inside a car set on fire near a location in Reggio Calabria, Italy. The corpse was subsequently subjected to an initial radiodiagnostic examination and an anthropological/medico-legal investigation, in order to confirm the biological profile of the unidentified subject, define the cause of death and assess the presence of perimortal lesions through macroscopic analysis of skull fragments subjected to fleshing. Conclusions: The soft tissue fleshing of the burnt skull fragments allowed the reconstruction of a partial calotte. Macroscopic analysis of the consolidated shell identified in the left fronto-parietal region a clear linear fracture, perimortal in nature, compatible with blunt trauma. Autopsy examination revealed the presence of carbonaceous residues within the larynx and especially the trachea, confirming ante-mortem combustion.The results of the autopsy examination and the anthropological analysis allowed us to state that the net linear fracture, perimortal in nature, caused the subject a complex encephalic trauma, resulting in loss of consciousness and subsequent death due to carbon monoxide inhalation. This result not only confirms the malicious hypothesis, but reveals a deliberate burning of the victim in order to conceal the evidence necessary to solve the forensic case
A case of Megaselia scalaris (Loew) (Dipt., Phoridae) breeding in a human corpse
No full textthe first italian case of Megaselia scalars (Loew) breeding in a human corpse is reported from and exhumed body in Southern Italy. Based on predilection of some Phoridae for older carrion and their delayed arrival at a corpse, the scuttle flies are usually relegated to a secondary role. However, they may even occur in the early stages of decay as the only insect evidence especially in bodies that have somehow at least partially sheltered from colonization by larger flies through burial
On human face identification methods
No full textHuman face identification often requires an approach based on several computer vision methods, able to solve step-by-step the problem of the comparison of subjects captured in bidimensional recorded images. These methods consist of identifying and measuring facial features, generally anthropometric face structures. After presentation of the problem and the basic comparison techniques, some methods to evaluate the identification indices are shown, with the respective considerations about their discrimination capacity
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