237 research outputs found
FAIRifizierung von Real World Data für die Gesundheitsforschung: Ein Petitum für modernes Record Linkage
No full textBACKGROUND: The provision of real-world data according to the FAIR principles is prerequisite for an efficient exploitation of the potential of health data for prevention and care. OBJECTIVES: To discuss the opportunities and limitations of reuse and record linkage of health data in Germany. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Initiatives to establish an improved research data infrastructure are presented and the limitations that hinder record linkage of personal health data are illustrated using an example. RESULTS: In general, health data in Germany do not meet the requirements of the FAIR principles. Their findability already fails because either no metadata are available or they are not posted in searchable repositories in a standardized way. Record linkage of personal health data is extremely limited by restrictive data protection regulations and the lack of a so-called unique identifier. Privacy-compliant solutions for linking health data, which are successfully practiced in neighboring European countries, could serve as a model here. CONCLUSIONS: The establishment of a National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI), especially for personal health data (NFDI4Health), can only be realized with considerable efforts and legislative changes. Already existing structures and standards that have been for instance developed by the Medical Informatics Initiative and the Netzwerk Universitätsmedizin (English: University Medicine Network), and international initiatives such as the European Open Science Cloud should be taken into consideration
The presentation of authorship in the works of Uwe Timm
No full textDie vorliegende Dissertation befasst sich mit der Frage der Inszenierung der Autorschaft am Beispiel von Uwe Timm. Dieser Problematik geht sie nach, indem sie vier unterschiedliche „begleitende“ Genres untersucht: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen, Reiseberichte, Autobiographien und Poetikvorlesungen, welche unter dem Begriff „Medien der Autorschaft“ nach Urs Meyer zu verstehen sind. Das Erkenntnisinteresse dieser Arbeit richtet sich auf die medialen Erscheinungsformen einerseits und auf die Darstellungsweise der Autorschaft andererseits. Auf dieser Grundlage werden multiple Autorbilder von Uwe Timm vor dem Hintergrund des Konzepts des literarischen Felds und des Habitus von Pierre Bourdieu herausgearbeitet: der politisch engagierte Autor, der Autor als Ethnologe, der Autor als Erinnerungsarbeiter des kollektiven Gedächtnisses sowie der Autor als Geschichtenerzähler.This dissertation addresses the question of how authorship is presented in the works of Uwe Timm. To explore this issue, four different “accompanying” genres have been considered: journals and newspapers, travel writings, autobiographies and poetic lectures, all of which are to be understood as “Media of Authorship” according to Urs Meyer. The discussion revolves around two aspects, the forms of media on the one hand, and the representational techniques on the other. Through Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of literary field and habitus, Uwe Timm’s multiple author images have been highlighted: the politically engaged author, the author as an ethnologist, the author as a memory worker of the collective memory and the author as a storyteller
Entrevista com André Timm: corpos, migração e linguagem em seu romance Morte Sul Peste Oeste
No full textInterview with André Timm, a Brazilian author from Porto Alegre and based in Santa Catarina. In this interview, interesting aspects present in his latest novel, Morte Sul Peste Oeste (2020), are revealed.Entrevista a André Timm, autor brasileño natural de Porto Alegre y radicado em Santa Catarina. En esta entrevista se revelan aspectos interesantes presentes en su última novela, Morte Sul Peste Oeste (2020). Entrevista a André Timm, autor brasileiro natural de Porto Alegre e radicado em Santa Catarina. Nesta entrevista revelam-se aspectos interessantes desenvolvidos no seu último romance, Morte Sul Peste Oeste (2020).
Motive of food and its significance for the work of Uwe Timm
No full textThis thesis deals with the subject of food and its aspects in the work of Uwe Timm. The first part depicts different areas from everyday life which are in some way linked to food. German-speaking writers are mentioned for comparison since they address the subject of food in their literary works in some way as well. In the next section the biography of the author is presented, since he incorporates his autobiographical features and experiences in his work. Based on motive research, selected literary works by Uwe Timm are examined and different nuances of the aspect of food are presented. KEY WORDS food, motive of food, motive research, Uwe Timm, literatur
Toward a Domain-Overarching Metadata Schema for Making Health Research Studies FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable): Development of the NFDI4Health Metadata Schema
No full textBackground Despite wide acceptance in medical research, implementation of the FAIR (findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability) principles in certain health domains and interoperability across data sources remain a challenge. While clinical trial registries collect metadata about clinical studies, numerous epidemiological and public health studies remain unregistered or lack detailed information about relevant study documents. Making valuable data from these studies available to the research community could improve our understanding of various diseases and their risk factors. The National Research Data Infrastructure for Personal Health Data (NFDI4Health) seeks to optimize data sharing among the clinical, epidemiological, and public health research communities while preserving privacy and ethical regulations. Objective We aimed to develop a tailored metadata schema (MDS) to support the standardized publication of health studies’ metadata in NFDI4Health services and beyond. This study describes the development, structure, and implementation of this MDS designed to improve the FAIRness of metadata from clinical, epidemiological, and public health research while maintaining compatibility with metadata models of other resources to ease interoperability. Methods Based on the models of DataCite, ClinicalTrials.gov, and other data models and international standards, the first MDS version was developed by the NFDI4Health Task Force COVID-19. It was later extended in a modular fashion, combining generic and NFDI4Health use case–specific metadata items relevant to domains of nutritional epidemiology, chronic diseases, and record linkage. Mappings to schemas of clinical trial registries and international and local initiatives were performed to enable interfacing with external resources. The MDS is represented in Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. A transformation into an improved and interactive machine-readable format was completed using the ART-DECOR (Advanced Requirement Tooling-Data Elements, Codes, OIDs, and Rules) tool to facilitate editing, maintenance, and versioning. Results The MDS is implemented in NFDI4Health services (eg, the German Central Health Study Hub and the Local Data Hub) to structure and exchange study-related metadata. Its current version (3.3) comprises 220 metadata items in 5 modules. The core and design modules cover generic metadata, including bibliographic information, study design details, and data access information. Domain-specific metadata are included in use case–specific modules, currently comprising nutritional epidemiology, chronic diseases, and record linkage. All modules incorporate mandatory, optional, and conditional items. Mappings to the schemas of clinical trial registries and other resources enable integrating their study metadata in the NFDI4Health services. The current MDS version is available in both Excel and ART-DECOR formats. Conclusions With its implementation in the German Central Health Study Hub and the Local Data Hub, the MDS improves the FAIRness of data from clinical, epidemiological, and public health research. Due to its generic nature and interoperability through mappings to other schemas, it is transferable to services from adjacent domains, making it useful for a broader user community
Dreistufige Verfahren zur Modellierung von Ernährungsdaten
No full textErnährung ist für viele chronische Krankheiten ein veränderbarer Risikofaktor und spielt somit bei deren Prävention eine wichtige Rolle. Allerdings stellt die Analyse dieser Assoziationen in epidemiologischen Studien aus zwei Gründen eine methodische Herausforderung dar: Erstens ist die Ernährung nur schwer akkurat zu erfassen, weswegen Ernährungsdaten häufig fehlerbehaftet sind, und zweitens ist die Ernährung ein komplexes Verhalten, das aufgrund der Multidimensionalität nur schwer zu operationalisieren ist. Diese Probleme führen dazu, dass der Einfluss der Ernährung auf die Entstehung von Krankheiten häufig verzerrt geschätzt wird. Sie treten selbst bei Ernährungsdaten auf, die mit einem modernen Instrument wie dem webbasierten 24-Stunden-Erinnerungsprotokoll erfasst werden. Mit diesem Instrument wurden in der IDEFICS/I.Family-Kohorte u.a. Ernährungsdaten von ca. 8.000 europäischen Kindern und ihren Eltern erfasst. Zudem wurden weitere Gesundheitsdaten erhoben. Diese Daten dienen in dieser Arbeit als Ausgangspunkt für die Entwicklung eines dreistufigen Verfahrens, das Messfehler und die Multidimensionalität der Ernährungsdaten berücksichtigt und mit dem die Verzerrung bei der Schätzung des Zusammenhangs zwischen Ernährungsmustern und gesundheitlichen Endpunkten reduziert werden kann. Dazu werden Messfehlerkorrektur- und Clusteranalysemethoden zu unterschiedlichen Korrekturalgorithmen kombiniert. Diese Algorithmen basieren auf Regressionskalibrierung, Simulationsextrapolation (SIMEX) und multipler Imputation. Der SIMEX-Ansatz baut auf dem in dieser Arbeit entwickelten SIMEX-Algorithmus für Box-Cox-transformierte Daten auf, der sich insbesondere zur Fehlerkorrektur bei univariaten stetigen Ernährungsexpositionen eignet. Es konnte in einer Simulationsstudie gezeigt werden, dass der Korrekturansatz basierend auf multipler Imputation gegenüber den anderen Ansätzen zu weniger verzerrten Effektschätzungen führte, weswegen dieser Ansatz für die Anwendung empfohlen wird
Nachgetragene Erinnerung: Uwe Timm, „Am Beispiel meines Bruders“ (2003) und Robert Schiff, „Feldpostbriefe. Chronik eines ungebauten Hauses“ (1994)
No full textUwe Timm and Robert Schiff have both written an autobiographical text dealing with the premature death of an elder brother who was a combattant in the Waffen-SS in their childhood. Despite the frappantly similar biographical constellation, there are differences in narrative technique and thematical focus that stem from their respective sociocultural context. The analysis shows that Timm is in many ways a representative author of the German ‘68 generation that critically reevaluates the attitude of their parents during the national socialist period and points to omissions and falsifications in the oral family history, while the narration of Schiff, an emigrated author born in the pre-war milieu of the German minority of Southwest Romania, is mainly a reconstruction of the impact of big history on his childhood and thus also the effort to conserve the memory of a world that has passed away and to reconcile himself with the experience of loss
Von Andreas Gryphius zu Uwe Timm: deutsche Parallelwege in der Aufnahme von Italiens Kunst, Poesie und Politik
No full textDeutsche Parallelwege in der Aufnahme von italiens Kunst, Poesie und Politik beabsichtigen das Italien-Bild aufgrund von jeweils zwei Texten deutscher Autoren, vornehmlich des späten 18. und des 19. Jahrhunderts zu untersuchen. Es wird z. B. die Bewertung der kunst der italienischen Renaissance bei Goethe und Wackenroeder thematisiert oder der deutsche Blick auf italienische Politik von zwei grundverschiedenen Autoren wie Karl Grün und Heinrich Hansjakob sowie als Nachklang bei Uwe Timm im späten 20. Jahrhundert behandelt. Ziel der Textanalyse ist weniger ein wertender Vergleich der beiden ausgewählten Autoren als vielmehr die Differenzen und Ahnlichkeiten sowohl in der literarischen Darbietung als auch im Blick auf Italien bei einem gleichen Thema klarer zum Vorschein kommen zu lassen. L’autore descrive l’immagine dell’Italia (arte, poesia, antropologia e politica) così come essa è rappresentata nella letteratura tedesca da Andreas Gryphius (1644) fino a Uwe Timm (1989). Attraverso l’analisi di testi di Andreas Gryphius, Johann Caspar, Johann Wolfgang Goethe, Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder, Joseph von Eichendorff, Johann Wilhelm von Archenholtz, Gustav Nicolai, Viktor Hehn, Paul Heyse, Ludwig Tiek, August Wilhelm Schlegel, Friedrich Schiller, Karl Grün, Heinrich Hansjakob, Theodor Fontane, Norbert C. Kaser e Uwe Timm vengono affrontate di riflesso le opere di Andrea Palladio, Carlo Cattaneo, Giuseppe Mazzini e Francesco De Sanctis in relazione sia al mito romantico del Rinascimento italiano sia a quello del Romanticismo tedesco nel Risorgimento italiano. Tematizzato viene poi il mito di Garibaldi versus Pio IX, e quello del comunismo nell’Italia meridionale del secondo Ottocento in relazione alla figura Antonio Gramsci nel 1933; quindi l’Italia come utopia romantica nel primo Ottocento e il paesaggio italiano come paradiso terrestre alla metà dello stesso secolo; infine, l’immagine di Roma moderna come città eterna
A liberal developmental state in Georgia?
No full textStandard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may The Author Christian Timm Christian Timm is a researcher at PFH Goettingen and works within the framework of the research network "Institutions and Institutional Change in Postsocialism" funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). His research focuses on stateeconomy relations and economic policy in Central Asia and the Southern Caucasus. He holds a degree from European-University Viadrina and is a PhD candidate at Humboldt-University Berlin. 1 A liberal developmental state in Georgia? State dominance and Washington Consensus in the post--communist region. Christian Timm * Abstract The article analyzes state dominance in Georgia's economy between 2003 and 2010 from the perspective of the (new) developmental state. The specific interlinkage of economic model, law and administration through which state interventions may generate market-enhancing effects provides the analytical framework for the examination of Georgia's institutional setting
Correcting for bias due to categorisation based on cluster analysis using multiple continuous error-prone exposures
No full textThe association between multidimensional exposure patterns and outcomes is
commonly investigated by first applying cluster analysis algorithms to derive
patterns and then estimating the associations. However, errors in the
underlying continuous, possibly skewed, exposure variables lead to
misclassified exposure patterns and therefore to biased effect estimates. This
is often the case for lifestyle exposures in epidemiology, e.g. for dietary
variables measured on daily basis. We introduce three new algorithms for
correcting the biased effect estimates, which are based on regression
calibration (RC), simulation extrapolation (SIMEX) and multiple imputation
(MI). In addition, the naive method ignoring the measurement error structure is
considered for comparison. These methods are combined with the k-means cluster
algorithm and the Gaussian mixture model to derive exposure patterns. The
performance of the correction methods is compared in a simulation study
regarding absolute, maximum and relative bias. The simulated data mimic a
typical situation in nutritional epidemiology when diet is assessed using
repeated 24-hour dietary recalls. Continuous and binary outcomes are
considered. Simulation results show, that the correction method based on RC and
MI perform better than the naive and the SIMEX-based method. Furthermore, the
MI-based approach, which can use outcome information in the error model, is
superior to the RC-based approach in most scenarios. Therefore, we recommend
using the MI-based approach.Comment: 25 pages, 2 figures; supplementary material attache
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