13,370 research outputs found
Manual on Protection and Control of Coastal Erosion in India
No full textI. Introduction I. I General review on causes of beach erosion I·2 Rise of sea level 1·3 Heavy storms, storm surges, wave action and its seasonal effects 1.4 Littoral drift barriers, natural and man-made conditions in India 2· Beach Surveys 2.1 Bathymetric surveys 2.2 Sand sampling and analysis 2,2.1 Sand sampling 2.2.2 Sample analysis 2·2.3 Beach fill models 2.3 Wave surveys 2.3.1 General 2.3.2 Wave measurements 2.3.3 Relationship between the visual and the Instrumental data 2.4 Current and tide surveys 2.4.1 General 2.4.2 Current measurements 2.4·3 long term analysls of current data 2.4·4 Tide surveys 2.5 Littoral drift surveys 3. Coastal Protection 3. I Basic aspects 3· I . I Material balance 3·1·2 Beach and bottom profiles 3· 1·3 Wave machanics aspects 3·2 Review of coastal protective measures 3.2·1 Natural and man-made coastal protection 3. 2.2 Pre-requisites for coastal protection 3· 2·3 types of coastal protection 3·2·4 Choice of protective measures Design details 3 ·3·I Seawalls and revetments 3·3·2 Dunes and dykes - overflow protection 3·3.3 Groins 3·3.4 Offshore breakwaters 3·3·5 Nourishment of beaches 3.3·6 Bypassing of material at tidal inletsKWP-collectio
Wrestling with Japanese Tribalism Emerging Collaborative Opportunities For India and Japan
No full textJapanese firms, with their strong technology base and high domestic factor costs, have the potential of teaming with India, with its more basic infrastructure and eight times the population. Japan's poorly-performing excess capital could fuel India's strongly-developing middle class and robust entrepreneurialism. Especially promising are collaborative information technology projects. What stands in the way of a greatly expanded relationship? Much of the blockage stems from Japan's insularism, an impetus here labeled tribalism. A hopeful dimension is that this tribalism can be clearly defined as archaic, recognized as detrimental, and then toned-down. Further points for development include an active campaign to encourage diversity in Japan, teaming up to provide alternatives to investment in neighboring China, and agitating for representation on the UN Security Council. India can help initiate all these processes, and can in turn benefit from a Japan reaching out for regional economic partnerships.homogeneity; tribalism; UN Security Council; partnership; immigration; trade; e-Japan strategy
Does public capital crowd out private capital? : evidence from India
No full textA recent but rapidly growing empirical literature focuses on the relationship between public and private capital. But for the most part, it ignores the heterogeneity of public investment. In many countries, especially in the developing world, public investment includes not only basic infrastructure projects, but also commercial and industrial projects similar to those undertaken by the private sector. And those two types of public investment are likely to have quite different effects on the accumulation of private capital. Using data from India, the author examines this issue empirically by implementing a simple analytical model encompassing two types of public capital. The empirical results show that in the long run capital for public infrastructure projects crowds in private capital - other types of public capital have the opposite effect. But in the short run, both kinds of public investment may crowd out private investment.Decentralization,Economic Theory&Research,International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Banks&Banking Reform,Capital Markets and Capital Flows,Inequality,Economic Stabilization,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Banks&Banking Reform
Globalisation and Neo-liberal Economic Reforms in India: A Critical Review
No full textThe objective of this study is to analyse the impact of neo-liberal economic reforms also known as ‘pro-market’ reforms in India. It is widely believed that India’s growth acceleration has taken place mainly due to changes in the government’s attitudes towards business and export orientation rather than earlier domestic policies. This paper shows that the turnaround growth took place in the early 1980s rather than the early 1990s as portrayed by international financial institutions and media. We find the current discussions overlook other aspects such as inter-sectoral and inter-regional imbalances. The importance of the manufacturing sector is not properly examined, which could play an important role in creating jobs, and its crucial role in employment generation is being underplayed.
This research presents the broad macro parameters of the growth of the Indian economy in both periods, i.e. pre and post reforms period, and also very briefly comparison is made with the colonial period, however, simply looking at the economic growth figures might be misleading. Therefore, we decided to analyse other variables, such as inter-regional and inter-sectoral changes and also look at the issue of poverty during pre and post-reform periods. The author critically examines the issues of foreign direct investment, particularly during the neo-liberal period in India, also focusing on cross region evaluation, drawing out the patterns discernible from available data. The study provides an overview of the on-going debate on the components of Indian-growth and the relative importance of government policies. The study has questioned some assertions concerning neoliberal reforms and growth in India in particular the argument that poverty has been reduced, is problematic
Cotton-textile-apparel sectors of India:
No full text"Cotton, textiles, and apparel are critical agricultural and industrial sectors in India. This study provides descriptions of these sectors and examines the key developments emerging domestically and internationally that affect the challenges and opportunities the sectors face. More than four million farm households produce cotton in India, and about one-quarter of output is produced by marginal and small farms. Although production has expanded—most recently with the introduction of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) cotton—domestic prices dropped sharply in the late 1990s, in parallel to world cotton prices. Using partial equilibrium simulations, we estimate that a price movement of the magnitude that occurred has a significant effect on levels of poverty among cotton-producing households. The fiber-to-fabric production chain, from cotton processing through apparel, employs more than 12 million workers in India and provides 16 percent of export earnings. Except for the spinning industry, these sectors are dominated by small, fragmented, and nonintegrated units, which adversely affect their competitiveness. Recent policy reforms have induced some technological improvements. In terms of future prospects for the Indian processing, textile, and apparel industries, our analysis emphasizes three dimensions of reform—the need for further investments in human resource development to improve industry productivity and reduce poverty among workers in these sectors, the emergence of modern domestic retail marketing chains, and the potentially vibrant prospects for the industry that arise from a growing domestic fabric demand and new opportunities in world markets if appropriate policies and investments are undertaken." from authors' abstractCotton, textiles, Apparel, Rural poverty, subsidies, Industry policy, World markets,
Childhood Labor in India: issues and complexities
No full textIt is estimated that more than 12 million children in India under the age of 14 engage in paid labor at least part time, due mostly to economic reasons. Dominant discourses about childhood however conceptualize childhood labor not only as unethical but as exploitation. This article explored will the tensions between Western notions of childhood (within which paid labor is considered taboo) and the realities of children's lives in India, arguing that childhood labor must be contextualized and understood not only as a colonial legacy but also as part of its socio-cultural context. The author argues that separating children from the world of work fosters a culture of childhood that emphasizes entitlement over participation and privileges the rights of the consumer over children's rights as citizens
Accuracy of assessment of eligibility for early medical abortion by community health workers in Ethiopia, India and South Africa
No full textTo assess the accuracy of assessment of eligibility for early medical abortion by community health workers using a simple checklist toolkit.; Diagnostic accuracy study.; Ethiopia, India and South Africa.; Two hundred seventeen women in Ethiopia, 258 in India and 236 in South Africa were enrolled into the study. A checklist toolkit to determine eligibility for early medical abortion was validated by comparing results of clinician and community health worker assessment of eligibility using the checklist toolkit with the reference standard exam.; Accuracy was over 90% and the negative likelihood ratio <0.1 at all three sites when used by clinician assessors. Positive likelihood ratios were 4.3 in Ethiopia, 5.8 in India and 6.3 in South Africa. When used by community health workers the overall accuracy of the toolkit was 92% in Ethiopia, 80% in India and 77% in South Africa negative likelihood ratios were 0.08 in Ethiopia, 0.25 in India and 0.22 in South Africa and positive likelihood ratios were 5.9 in Ethiopia and 2.0 in India and South Africa.; The checklist toolkit, as used by clinicians, was excellent at ruling out participants who were not eligible, and moderately effective at ruling in participants who were eligible for medical abortion. Results were promising when used by community health workers particularly in Ethiopia where they had more prior experience with use of diagnostic aids and longer professional training. The checklist toolkit assessments resulted in some participants being wrongly assessed as eligible for medical abortion which is an area of concern. Further research is needed to streamline the components of the tool, explore optimal duration and content of training for community health workers, and test feasibility and acceptability
Access of the Poor to Water Supply and Sanitation in India: Salient Concepts, Issues and Cases
No full textAccess to safe water is necessary for lives and livelihoods. In India, a mid-term assessment reveals that the country has already met its MDG (Millennium Development Goal) in terms of expanding access to water infrastructure although in the parallel subsector of sanitation progress is falling far short of the mark. In reality, most basic observations indicate that water supply coverage is not as good as the figures show while national sanitation continues to be poor even after almost six decades of efforts to eradicate open defecation. It argues that economic, technical, institutional as well as social factors constrain access to safe drinking water and proper sanitation in India for both the urban and rural poor, and that coverage figures do not reflect this restricted access. It finds that, increasingly, communities are being required to manage their own water and sanitation schemes, not just in rural areas but in urban ones as well. There are definite advantages to such an institutional arrangement if the transition to community management is carried out smoothly. Often, however, the chances of success of community management are vitiated because policy makers misunderstand and misapply three interlinked concepts that are crucial to the success of community-managed water and sanitation schemes?participation; water and sanitation burden; and project ownership. The paper concludes by clarifying these concepts and the implications they have for policy implementation in this sector.Access of the Poor to Water Supply and Sanitation in India: Salient Concepts, Issues and Cases
Globalisation and women in India
No full textDescribing the way globalisation has affected India over the last decade, the author considers the impact of these changes on women, in the main areas of `development' due to globalisation: commercialisation, capitalisation, foreign trade orientation, and financialisation and industrial restructuring. She develops the point that the `skewed income and wealth' structure in India, and the gender discrimination suffered by women, has not altered in the face of the changes brought by globalisation: women continue to lose out, and are losing out more severely than before.This article is hosted by our co-publisher Taylor & Francis.</p
Transplantation of healthcare financing policy from the United Kingdom to India
No full textThe staggering statistics in health conditions of India demand quick actions, and thus it is advised to come up with a solution which takes less time as compared to a complete design of a new system. This paper starts with background study of UK, Netherlands and Indian health care financing models, followed by an analysis ofeasibility of transplantation of financing policies from the UK to India. It is proved from literature survey that UK and Netherlands has one of the best financing models. Though Netherlands' model is also considered; but due toeconomic incompatibility of model in India, and UK's similar legislation background with India, UK's health care system is chosen to be analyzed further as a donor country in this case. A thorough study through Hofstede's cultural dimensions (Hofstede, Hofstede, and Minkov, 2010),family of nations, and actors pulling-in and goodness of fit perspectives study end with strategies of implementation to provide some recommendations for successful transplantation. The results of transplantation can be interpreted as "great example" (Rose, 1993) if the strategies of implementation are clearly kept in mind.Technology, Policy and Managemen
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