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A new species of earthworm in Amynthas hexathecus species group (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from the Nam Xam National Protected Area, Laos
No full textHong, Yong, James, Samuel W., Inkhavilay, Khamla (2013): A new species of earthworm in Amynthas hexathecus species group (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from the Nam Xam National Protected Area, Laos. Journal of Natural History 48 (5-6): 251-256, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.809491, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.80949
Figure 1 in A new species of earthworm in Amynthas hexathecus species group (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from the Nam Xam National Protected Area, Laos
No full textFigure 1. Amynthas hauyhowensis sp. nov. (A) ventral view; (B) spermathecae; (C) intestinal caeca; (D) prostate gland. Scale bars = 2.5 mm (A), 2 mm (B–D).Published as part of Hong, Yong, James, Samuel W. & Inkhavilay, Khamla, 2013, A new species of earthworm in Amynthas hexathecus species group (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from the Nam Xam National Protected Area, Laos, pp. 251-256 in Journal of Natural History 48 (5-6) on page 253, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.809491, http://zenodo.org/record/519924
Amphidromus Albers 1850
No full textSubgenus Amphidromus Albers, 1850 Amphidromus Albers, 1850: 138. Amphidromus – Martens 1860: 184. — Fulton 1896: 66, 94. Type species Helix perversus Linnaeus, 1758 by subsequent designation of E. von Martens in Albers (1860).Published as part of Inkhavilay, Khamla, Sutcharit, Chirasak & Panha, Somsak, 2017, Taxonomic review of the tree snail genus Amphidromus Albers, 1850 (Pulmonata: Camaenidae) in Laos, with the description of two new species, pp. 1-40 in European Journal of Taxonomy 330 on page 3, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.330, http://zenodo.org/record/382974
Nine new species of the " aeruginosus" - group in Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Nam Et-Phouley National protected Area, Laos
No full textHong, Yong, Inkhavilay, Khamla, James, Samuel W. (2018): Nine new species of the " aeruginosus" - group in Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Nam Et-Phouley National protected Area, Laos. Zootaxa 4496 (1): 238-250, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4496.1.1
Amphidromus (Syndromus) Pilsbry 1900
No full textSubgenus Syndromus Pilsbry, 1900 Amphidromus (Syndromus) Pilsbry, 1900: 184. Type species Helix contraria Müller, 1774 by subsequent designation in Zilch (1960: 623). Diagnosis Shells mostly sinistral, conical to elongate conical and rather small (height 25 to 40 mm), varices absent and varying in color pattern. Genital characteristics show camaenid type with short epiphallus and flagellum, appendix absent, vaginal pouch and vaginal stimulator pilaster sometimes present. Radula teeth with spatulate shape. The subgenus Syndromus was first nominated as “Sinistral Division” for Amphidromus with a relatively smaller sinistral coiling shell (Pilsbry 1900). Until onw, the genital characters of the type species have never been examined; only Wiegmann (1894) briefly reported on the radular and jaw structures of the type species. To clarify the genitalia and radula characters of the subgenus, spirit preserved specimens in the Zoological Museum of Amsterdam (ZMA) collection were examined and are described below.Published as part of Inkhavilay, Khamla, Sutcharit, Chirasak & Panha, Somsak, 2017, Taxonomic review of the tree snail genus Amphidromus Albers, 1850 (Pulmonata: Camaenidae) in Laos, with the description of two new species, pp. 1-40 in European Journal of Taxonomy 330 on page 17, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.330, http://zenodo.org/record/382974
Amphidromus (Amphidromus) givenchyi Geret 1912
No full textAmphidromus (Amphidromus) givenchyi Geret, 1912 Figs 1, 2C, 3C, 4I; Table 1 Amphidromus givenchyi Geret, 1912: 55–56, pl. 2, figs 21–22. Type locality: Unknown. Amphidromus givenchyi – Laidlaw & Solem 1961: 526, 621. — Richardson 1985: 43. — Sutcharit & Panha 2006: 26–28, figs 4n–q, 18–19. Material examined LAOS: 120D + 18D juveniles (Figs 3C, 4I, CUMZ 7015), 7D specimens, in ethanol (Fig. 2 C, CUMZ 7016), Thad Lor Waterfall, Salavan District, Salavan; 61D + 8D juveniles (CUMZ 7017), 2D specimens, in ethanol (CUMZ 7018), Wat Phou (Temple on the mountain), Khong Xédon District, Salavan. Remarks The species description, as well as the morphology of the genitalia and the radula, have been carefully presented in Sutcharit & Panha (2006), which allows an unambiguous recognition of this species. The unique characters are a relatively medium sized (compared to other members of this genus, as shown in Table 1), ovate-conical and dextral shell; apex with black spot; aperture oblique; peristome expanded and not reflected; parietal callus thin and transparent to slightly thickened and white; shell color uniform greenish with pale to yellowish color on earlier whorl, and greenish subsutural band; genitalia contain long and slender penis, short and curved epiphallus of equal length to flagellum; proximal to enlarged and coiled appendix epiphallus; appendix short. The early records of this species were from the Ubon Ratchathani and Kalasin Provinces of Thailand, and the Luang Phrabang and Savannakhet Provinces of Laos (Sutcharit & Panha 2006). Here, two more localities from Salavan Province, Laos are added. All of the records are from dry dipterocarp to deciduous forests with sandstone hills. The snails were found in small holes on branches or tree trunks during the aestivation period (Fig. 3 C).Published as part of Inkhavilay, Khamla, Sutcharit, Chirasak & Panha, Somsak, 2017, Taxonomic review of the tree snail genus Amphidromus Albers, 1850 (Pulmonata: Camaenidae) in Laos, with the description of two new species, pp. 1-40 in European Journal of Taxonomy 330 on pages 14-15, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.330, http://zenodo.org/record/382974
Amphidromus (Amphidromus) laosianus Bavay 1898
No full textAmphidromus (Amphidromus) laosianus Bavay, 1898 Figs 1, 4G Amphidromus laosianus Bavay, 1898: 15, 16, pl. 2, fig. 1, 1a. Type locality: Khône, sur les bords du Mékong [on the banks of the Mekong River, Khone, Champasak, Laos]. Amphidromus laosianus var. albocaerulescens Bavay, 1898: 16, pl. 2, fig. 2, 2a. Type locality: Khône, sur les bords du Mékong [on the banks of the Mekong River, Khone, Champasak, Laos]. Amphidromus laosianus – Pilsbry 1900: 183, 184, pl. 62, figs 60–61. — Laidlaw & Solem 1961: 526, 634. Amphidromus laosianus var. albocaerulescens – Pilsbry 1900: 184, pl. 62, figs 62–63. — Laidlaw & Solem 1961: 526, 598. Material examined LAOS: 1D + 1S shells (Fig. 4G), Khone District, Champasak, South Laos (RMNH 101049); 1D + 2S shells, W.J.M. Maassen collection; 2D + 2D juveniles, Khone, South Laos, ZMB, Lehmann collection. Remarks Currently known only from the type locality. The unique shell characters are chirally dimorphic, conical to elongate conical; whorls weakly convex, with white subsutural band. Shell color with yellowishbrown or brownish radial streaks on pinkish to whitish ground color; dark varix present. Aperture elongated; peristome thickened, expanded and reflected; lip folded and pinkish. Parietal callus pinkish and thickened; columella pinkish and straight; umbilicus imperforated. Laidlaw & Solem (1961) mentioned that this species is similar to the A. atricallosus leucoxanthus variety “ laidlawi ” (Solem 1965: pl. 1, fig. 3; Sutcharit & Panha 2006: fig. 4d–e). However, it differs in having a slender shell and pinkish peristome, parietal callus and inside of the aperture, while “ var. laidlawi ” has a white lip, parietal callus and inside aperture, and more depressed suture. Furthermore, A. cambojiensis (Reeve, 1860) can be distinguished from this species by having a very large and thickened shell, thickened and white parietal callus and lip, and purplish inside aperture (see Sutcharit et al. 2015).Published as part of Inkhavilay, Khamla, Sutcharit, Chirasak & Panha, Somsak, 2017, Taxonomic review of the tree snail genus Amphidromus Albers, 1850 (Pulmonata: Camaenidae) in Laos, with the description of two new species, pp. 1-40 in European Journal of Taxonomy 330 on page 10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.330, http://zenodo.org/record/382974
Amynthas phimpheti Hong & Inkhavilay & James 2018, sp. nov.
No full textAmynthas phimpheti sp. nov. (Figure 1E,F) Material. Holotype: clitellate (BDNUL0035): Laos, Hoaphane Province, Nam Et-Phouley NPA, Viengthong district, slope of Phouley Mountain, 2071 m (20o16.612'N, 103o11.582'E), wet mossy forest, very thick surface litter layer, 23 July 2005, Boutong, Phimphet, Son and K. Inkhavilay colls. Paratypes: 2 clitellates (BDNUL0036, BDNUL00357), same data as for holotype. Other material: 6 clitellates, same data as for holotype. Etymology. The species is named for one of the collectors, Mr. Phimpet. Diagnosis. Spermathecal pores two pairs in 7/8–8/9 at 12th setal lines; male pores at centers of male pads surrounded by outer rings in XVIII, 0.21–0.24 circumference apart ventrally; round thickened genital papillae paired on 17/18 and 18/ 19 in line with male pores; muscular prostatic ducts spiraled clockwise (L), anti clockwise (R), first dorsal pore 5/6; spermathecae in VII, VIII. Description. Dimensions 76–100 mm, by 4.0– 4.8 mm at segment X, 2.2–4.5 mm at segment XXX, 3.5–3.9 mm at clitellum; body cylindrical, segments 99–104. Setae regularly distributed around segmental equators, numbering 44–47 at VII, 47–52 at XX, 10–13 between male pores, setal formula AA:AB:ZZ:YZ= 2:1.5:3:2 at XIII. Female pore single in XIV, on an oval porophore 0.3–0.4 mm in diameter. Prostomium epilobic with tongue open, clitellum coffee color, ladder like ventral surface in DD from slight transverse thickenings in anterior segments. Dark purple pigment on head, ventrum reddish purple in the pre-clitellar region, post-clitellar segments purple-brown pigment on dorsum, lighter ventrally; unpigmented areas around spermathecal pores and male field; setal rings lighter; formalin preservation. First dorsal pore at 5/6. Clitellum annular XIV–XVI; setae invisible externally. Male pores at centers of male pads surrounded by outer rings, near lateral margins of ventrum in XVIII at 8th setal lines, 0.21–0.24 circumference apart ventrally. Spermathecal pores two pairs in 7/8–8/9 at 12th setal lines, within conspicuous white areas at lateral margins of ventrum, 0.24–0.38 circumference apart ventrally. Round thickened genital papillae paired on 17/18 and 18/ 19 in line with male pores. Genital markings lacking in preclitellar segments. Septa 5/6/7/8 thin, 8/9–9/10 absent, 10/11–12/13 very thin. Gizzard globular in VIII–X. Intestine enlarged from XV, lymph glands not found. Typhlosole small from XXVII. Intestinal caeca originating in XXVII and extending anteriorly about to XXIV, bent down to ventral body wall, simple elongate triangle. Hearts esophageal in X–XIII. Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels in ventrally joined sacs in X, XI. Seminal vesicles paired, very large in XI, XII each divided into 2–3 small lobes; no dorsal lobes. Prostates in XVIII, extending from XVII– XIX; both glandular parts divided into 2 main lobes each divided again into 5–6 small lobes; muscular duct spiraled clockwise (L), anti clockwise (R). Genital papilla glands not found. Ovaries in XIII. Spermathecae two pairs in VII and VIII; ampulla globular, stout muscular ducts shorter than ampulla narrowing abruptly at body wall, iridescent seminal chamber egg-shaped, muscular stalks slender, shorter than ampulla, bound down to body wall, join duct in its thick section, no nephridia on spermathecal ducts. Genital marking glands not found in preclitellar segments. Remarks. Differences between A. phimpheti sp. nov. and A. hoauykanangensis sp. nov. are discussed in the remarks on the latter species.Published as part of Hong, Yong, Inkhavilay, Khamla & James, Samuel W., 2018, Nine new species of the " aeruginosus " - group in Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Nam Et-Phouley National protected Area, Laos, pp. 238-250 in Zootaxa 4496 (1) on pages 242-243, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4496.1.19, http://zenodo.org/record/144678
Amphidromus (Syndromus) xiengkhaungensis Inkhavilay & Sutcharit & Panha 2017, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Amphidromus</i> (<i>Syndromus</i>) <i>xiengkhaungensis</i> Inkhavilay & Panha sp. nov. <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 7BA4B989-3003-4F09-94E5-F21B392BEA28</p> <p>Figs 1, 13 S–T; Table 1</p> Diagnosis <p> The new species is superficially similar to <i>A. roemeri</i>, but the distinguishing characters are a relatively large and thick shell, dark to brownish spire, Bands 2 and 3 merged and become tinted pink stained, with a pale tinted pink lip. In contrast, <i>A. roemeri</i> shows a relatively small and thin shell, whitish ground color, Bands 2 and 3 absent, and has a white lip. <i>Amphidromus xiengkhaungensis</i> sp. nov. differs from <i>A. sinensis</i> and <i>A. flavus</i> by having an ovated conic shell, Bands 2 and 3 stained with tinted pink, ovate aperture and slightly angular last whorl. In comparison, <i>A. sinensis</i> and <i>A. flavus</i> have an elongate conical, relatively small and thin shell, with a yellowish color and rounded last whorl. In addition, <i>A. globonevilli</i> differs from this new species by having a small and thin shell, with a yellowish color, last whorl rounded and Bands 2 and 3 absent.</p> Etymology <p> The specific epithet ‘ <i>xiengkhaungensis</i> ’ refers to the type locality of the new species.</p> Type material <p> <b>Holotype</b></p> <p>LAOS: shell height 25.6 mm, shell width 15.6 mm, with 6 whorls (CUMZ 7045, Fig. 13S).</p> <p> <b>Paratypes</b></p> <p>LAOS: 10S shells (CUMZ 7046, Fig. 13T); 2S shells (NHMUK).</p> Type locality <p>LAOS: limestone outcrop at Ban Nong Tang, Phou Kood District, Xieng Khaung, 19°30′59.2″ N, 102°53′37.6″ E, 1140 m amsl.</p> Description <p>Shell sinistral, ovate conical, rather thick and glossy. Apex acute, color tinted pink; spire conical with dark color; suture wide and depressed. Whorls 5 and 6 nearly smooth; last whorl slightly angular. Periostracum thin, corneous and transparent. Earlier whorls with darker color; varix absent. Shell banding without Band 1; Bands 2 and 3 merged and becoming tinted pink stained; Bands 4 and 5 dark brown; Band 6 absent. Parietal callus thin and transparent to slightly thick and white. Aperture ovate; peristome expanded and weakly thickened; lip pale tinted pink to white. Columella straight, thickend and white. Umbilicus narrowly opened.</p> Remarks <p> <i>Amphidromus xiengkhaungensis</i> sp. nov. is currently known from the type locality only, a dry green forest and isolated limestone forest surrounded by a reservoir and agricultural areas. The empty shells were found on the floor among the leaf litter. Unfortunately, no living specimens have been collected.</p>Published as part of <i>Inkhavilay, Khamla, Sutcharit, Chirasak & Panha, Somsak, 2017, Taxonomic review of the tree snail genus Amphidromus Albers, 1850 (Pulmonata: Camaenidae) in Laos, with the description of two new species, pp. 1-40 in European Journal of Taxonomy 330</i> on pages 35-36, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.330, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3829744">http://zenodo.org/record/3829744</a>
Amphidromus (Syndromus) roemeri
No full text<i>Amphidromus</i> (<i>Syndromus</i>) <i>roemeri</i> (Pfeiffer, 1863) <p> <i>Bulimus römeri</i> Pfeiffer, 1863a [1862]: 274, pl. 36, fig. 4. Type locality: Laos Mountains, Camboja [sic].</p> <p> <i>Amphidromus roemeri</i> – Pfeiffer 1863b (1860–1866): 217, pl. 57, figs 10–11.— Fulton 1896: 80. — Pilsbry 1900: 192–193, pl. 63, figs 95–96. — Laidlaw & Solem 1961: 654. — Sutcharit <i>et al</i>. 2015: 87, fig. 13e–f.</p> Material examined <p> CAMBODIA: Lectotype, NHMUK 19601450 (Sutcharit <i>et al</i>. 2015: fig. 13e); paralectotype, NHMUK 19601451 (1 shell).</p> Remarks <p> The type specimens have recently been figured in Sutcharit <i>et al</i>. (2015: fig. 13e–f). The unique characters of this species are the sinistral, ovate conical shell; spire with a brownish color; last whorl well rounded. Shell whitish ground color, Bands 1 to 3 and 6 absent and Bands 4 and 5 perform reddish brown bands. Aperture ovate; peristome weakly expanded; lip white.</p> <p> <i>Amphidromus roemeri</i> was described based on specimens collected by H. Mouhot with the type locality “ Laos Mountains, Camboja ”. This collection locality is a historical geographic name with an uncertain boundary. So far, this species is known only from the type specimens and an uncertain record from Laos by Laidlaw & Solem (1960: 654). However, no specimens were found in the present study; therefore the records from Laos still remain to be confirmed.</p> <p> Laidlaw & Solem (1961) placed <i>A. roemeri</i> as a junior synonym of <i>A. sinensis</i> (Benson, 1851) from S China. We have examined the type specimens of both species and found that <i>A. roemeri</i> differs from <i>A. sinensis</i> by having an ovate conical, whitish shell, aperture ovate, spire short and conical, last whorl well rounded (see Sutcharit <i>et al</i>. 2015: fig. 13e–f). In contrast, <i>A. sinensis</i> (see Sutcharit <i>et al</i>. 2015: fig. 16g–i) has a yellowish shell, elongate conical spire, aperture auriform and the last whorl rounded. Furthermore, <i>A. globonevilli</i> differs by having a larger, spired conical, yellowish shell and an oblique aperture.</p>Published as part of <i>Inkhavilay, Khamla, Sutcharit, Chirasak & Panha, Somsak, 2017, Taxonomic review of the tree snail genus Amphidromus Albers, 1850 (Pulmonata: Camaenidae) in Laos, with the description of two new species, pp. 1-40 in European Journal of Taxonomy 330</i> on page 27, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.330, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3829744">http://zenodo.org/record/3829744</a>
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