1,721,119 research outputs found
Urban mobility and social inclusion of migrant people: The role of sharing mobility. A qualitative study
No full textThe relationships between urban mobility and the process of social inclusion/exclusion have been highlighted by several scholars (i.e., LUCAS 2012; RICCI 2016). The possibility to move freely to reach in an easy and accessible way the destinations required to satisfy daily needs is a key factor linked to well-being of citizens, as well as to their possibility to actively participate in the life of their community. From this perspective, shortfalls in the urban transport system may have negative effects on the social inclusion of categories at risk of social marginalization (i.e., people living in the suburbs, migrant people). The current paper is aimed at deepening the understanding of these topics, taking into account the role of sharing mobility services in fostering the process of social inclusion. For this purpose, findings from a literature review as well as from a qualitative research employing focus group technique will be reported. Finally, some recommendations for the development of sharing mobility services more inclusive will be provided
In-group favouritism and out-group derogation towards national groups: Age-related differences among Italian school children
Full text linkRecently many researchers investigated intergroup attitudes among children, but only few studies analyzed developmental pathways of in-group favouritism and out-group derogation in considerable samples across broad age ranges. The present study aims at examining age-related differences in in-group favouritism and out-group derogation towards national groups among Italian children. Six hundred-seven children (305 males, 302 females), aged 6–12 living in Italy, were asked to answer an individual interview, making various evaluations of the national in-group and of 2 salient national out-groups (German and English). For research purposes 3 measures were used: number of positive traits applied to own and other national groups; number of negative traits applied to own and other national groups; and affect towards own and other national groups. Data analysis indicated that: (a) the effects of in-group favouritism are noticeable from the age of 6 years and persist through time; and (b) out-group derogation is a limited phenomenon that becomes slightly more evident at older ages with reference to the German group, in general negatively perceived among Italian children. These results are discussed in relation to the framework of Social Identity Development Theory
European and National Identity from Childhood to Preadolescence
No full textThe study is aimed at exploring the building patterns of European identity and its relations with the related kinds of social identity (national, regional and local) in Italian children. Two hundred fifty-Two children (aged 6-12) were asked to participate to an interview assessing the development of self-categorisation, relative importance and degree of identification with regard to the social identities examined. The data highlight that European identity becomes relevant at 12 years, regional identity at 9, whereas national and local identity are significant since 6 years. The findings are discussed in a socio-developmental perspective, underlining their impact on the field of educational programs
Intercultural Relations in Italy
No full textIn culturally diverse societies, one of the biggest questions on our minds is 'how shall we all live together?' The chapter offers an answer to this fundamental and topical issue. By exploring intercultural relationships between dominant/national and non-dominant/ethnic populations in Italy, the authors analyse 'general' principles of intercultural relations and guidelines for social inclusion
Intercultural profiles and adaptation among immigrant and autochthonous adolescents
Full text linkFew studies examine relationships between intercultural strategies and adaptation among adolescents using a person-oriented approach. Framed from an intercultural psychology perspective, this study used such an approach in order to examine the influence of intercultural profiles, patterns of relationships among variables related to intercultural strategies, on the adaptation of adolescents of both non-dominant and dominant groups. Two hundred and fifty-six adolescents living in Italy and aged from 14 to 18 participated to the study: 127 immigrants from Tunisia (males = 49.61%) and 129 autochthonous (males = 44.19%). Data were collected through self-report questionnaires. Using cluster analytic methods to identify profiles, the results showed that immigrant adolescents were divided in two acculturation profiles, ethnic and integrated-national, with adolescents belonging to the latter showing higher self-esteem, life satisfaction and sociocultural competence than the former. Also among autochthonous adolescents two acculturation expectation profiles were identified, not-multicultural and multicultural, with adolescents belonging to the latter showing higher self-esteem and life satisfaction than the former. Findings highlight the importance of using multiple indicators in order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the acculturation process as well as suggesting implications for the social policies in this field
The role of parental control and coping strategies on adolescents’ problem behaviors
Full text linkThe current study was aimed at contributing to the understanding of the role of perceived parental monitoring, psychological control, and coping strategies on adolescents’ problem behaviors, in terms of anxiety and drinking behavior. Participants were 541 high school students, 17 to 19-year old (M = 17.09, SD = 0.80) high school students in Sicily and Calabria (Italy). Participants completed self-report measures assessing parental monitoring, psychological control, coping strategies (i.e., Task-Oriented, Emotion-Oriented, and Avoidance-Oriented). Results of the path analysis showed that coping strategies play a mediating role in the association between parental psychological control and both adolescents’ anxiety and drinking behavior. Furthermore, a direct positive association was reported from parental psychological control and anxiety, while a negative direct association was reported from parental monitoring to drinking behavior. Results of this study provide a comprehensive model that showed that the different coping strategies could explain the psychological mechanisms that underline the associations between two different kinds of parental control (psychological control and monitoring) and both internalizing and externalizing adolescents’ form of maladjustment (e.g. anxiety and drinking behaviors). Overall, coping strategies seem to be a fruitful target for the prevention programs for adolescents’ anxiety and drinking behaviors
Relationships Between Ethnic Identity, Ethnic Attitudes, and Acculturative Stress in Tunisian Individuals in Early and Middle Adolescence
No full textFramed from an integrative approach, the current article examined the associations between ethnic identity exploration (EIE), ethnic identity commitment (EIC), and acculturative stress by investigating the mediating role of ethnic attitudes (i.e., in-group favoritism and out-group derogation) in these relationships. Additionally, the moderating role of age was analyzed. A multiple-group path analysis was performed on data collected from 256 Tunisians in early and 248 in middle adolescence living in Italy, which is an interesting and understudied immigrant group characterized by similarities and differences with the host population. In younger adolescents, EIE and EIC were indirectly and positively related to acculturative stress via the mediating role of in-group favoritism and out-group derogation. In older adolescents, EIE was related to higher levels of EIC, which, in turn, was predictive of acculturative stress. The findings are discussed in light of the theoretical framework, research context and limitations, and implications for practice are presented
Parental Monitoring and Youth's Binge Behaviors: The Role of Sensation Seeking and Life Satisfaction
Full text linkFramed within an ecological perspective of the onset of adolescent problem behaviors, the current study explored the joint role of parent-adolescents’ relationships and youth's individual factors in binge eating and drinking. Firstly, in line with pieces of research highlighting the beneficial impact of effective parenting on youth development, the present paper sought to enhance the knowledge about the positive influence of parental monitoring on youth's binge drinking and eating. Moreover, since literature evidenced that the explanatory mechanisms of the association between parental monitoring and binge behaviors are not fully explored, the study focused on the potential intervening role of sensation seeking and life satisfaction as mediators. The study design was cross-sectional and self-report questionnaires were administered among a population of 944 high school students (M = 16.35, SD = 1.31) living in Palermo (Italy). Path analysis showed that parental monitoring was directly and negatively related to both binge eating and binge drinking. Moreover, sensation seeking negatively mediated the relationships between parental monitoring and both binge behaviors, whereas life satisfaction only mediated between parental monitoring and binge eating. The current study provided data useful to understand the complex interrelations between intrapersonal (life satisfaction and personality trait, i.e. sensation seeking) and contextual factors (parent–child relationships) that may discourage or cause eating and alcohol use disorders among youth. Finally, implications for parents and practitioners working with youngsters were discussed
Associations between perceived parental psychological control and internalizing difficulties in emerging adulthood: The role of identity
No full textOur study investigated the associations among two expressions of perceived parental psychological control (dependency-oriented parental control [DPC] and achievement-oriented parental control [APC]), identity, a
nd internalizing difficulties among college attending emerging adults. In particular, our aim was to examine the potential role of identity in the pathways linking both DPC and APC to internalizing difficulties. Our
participants included 495 Italian college students (49% males), between 19 and 28 years of age (mean=23.37 years, standard deviation=2.35). Our findings highlighted the existence of associations between APC, identity , and internalizing difficulties. Specifically, APC was negatively related to identity that, in turn, was related to both anxiety and depressive symptoms. Moreover, APC showed direct effects on internalizing difficulties, whereas DPC had neither direct nor indirect effects on the outcomes. Overall, our findings highlighted the importance of examining the different contribution of the two forms of parental psychological control to emerging adults’ internalizing difficulties via identity
Intercultural Relations in Italy
No full textThe chapter presents the Italian findings of the Mutual Intercultural Relations in Plural Societies (MIRIPS) project. We first describe the context of intercultural relations in Italy, including the integration policies and attitudes towards immigration, with reference to three diversity indicators used throughout the book (fractionalization, migrant integration, and multiculturalism policy). Then, we outline the issues addressed by our studies with particular regard to the three hypotheses of the MIRIPS project. This is followed by a presentation of the used methods and the involved samples. Then, we present our main findings highlighting that the three hypotheses are quite supported. However, we show how the general trends of associations among the studied variables need to be examined with reference to the features of the particular socio-cultural context taken into account, as well as considering some mediating and moderating processes. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results for theory and practice
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