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Caput mundi: Rome as Center in Roman Representation and Construction of Space
Get PDFThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Peeters Publishers via the DOI in this record
The Hasselt APPendicitis Immunoly and Environmental STudy (HAPPIEST)
No full textAcute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies worldwide,
with a lifetime risk estimated between 6 and 17%. The disease can be associated
with serious complications such as perforation, abscess formation and peritonitis.
Based on these complications, appendicitis is often classified as complicated
versus uncomplicated. Based on the presence of necrosis in the appendix tissue,
appendicitis can be classified as gangrenous versus non-gangrenous. Much
unclarity remains on the etiology of the disease, though it is likely multifactorial.
Factors contributing to the severity are even more unclear. In Chapter 1, an
outline is given on the history of appendicitis, findings on its etiology and
contributions to the diagnostics of acute appendicitis, based on these findings.
Environmental, microbiologic, immunologic and genetic factors appear to be of
importance in developing appendicitis. In order to study these factors further, a
cohort of 325 acute appendicitis patients was prospectively recruited in the Hasselt
APPendicitis Immunologic and Environmental STudy (HAPPIEST) at Jessa Hospital,
Hasselt, Belgium, and an additional 49 patients were recruited at Sint-Vincentius
Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium. In Chapter 2, environmental and lifestyle related
factors were shown to affect the risk of developing the disease, and to a lesser
extent the severity. Appendicitis was associated with a less healthy lifestyle,
including diet. A positive family history was one of the most important factors in
developing acute appendicitis. A long delay to diagnosis was confirmed to be of
importance in the development of complicated appendicitis, but not gangrenous
appendicitis. The fecal and mucosal microbiome of acute appendicitis patients was
studied in Chapter 3. Distinctions in the bacterial content of fecal samples were
observed between patients and controls, and a number of specific bacterial species
could be associated with acute appendicitis. The fecal and luminal content did not
differ between gangrenous and non-gangrenous appendicitis patients. In Chapter
4, innate immune responses to commensal and pathogenic bacteria were
characterized in patients with a history of appendicitis and controls. Trends were
observed towards higher IL-6 and IL-8 responses in patients. Furthermore, serum
markers at the time of appendicitis showed differences according to severity of
the disease. Chapter 5 describes genetic associations with acute appendicitis,
where a genetic link between CRP levels and acute appendicitis is suggested, and
specific polymorphisms showed a possible link between the HLX and CTSB genes and acute appendicitis. In Chapter 6, the diagnosis and treatment of acute
appendicitis at Jessa Hospital was studied. Confirmed acute appendicitis cases
were compared to patients with suspected acute appendicitis that did not undergo
surgery. Routine biomarkers, as well as diagnostic scoring systems showed helpful
in the diagnosis of appendicitis, yet ultrasound and in particular CT were most
effective. In conclusion, many different factors contribute to the risk of developing
acute appendicitis. Clearly interaction between these factors is important as
genetics and lifestyle can severely influence the composition of the gut microbiota
as well as immune function and development, while the appendix is also deemed
to play a role in immune development, and immune function is of importance in
the composition of the gut microbiota.Acute appendicitis is een van de meest voorkomende chirurgische spoedgevallen
wereldwijd. Het risico om de ziekte te ontwikkelen wordt geschat op 6 tot 17%.
De ziekte kan gepaard gaan met ernstige complicaties zoals perforatie,
abcesvorming en peritonitis. Op basis van deze complicaties wordt appendicitis
vaak geclassificeerd als gecompliceerd versus niet-gecompliceerd. Op basis van
de aanwezigheid van necrose in het appendixweefsel, kan appendicitis worden
geclassificeerd als gangreneus versus niet-gangreneus. Er is nog veel
onduidelijkheid over de etiologie van de ziekte, hoewel deze waarschijnlijk
multifactorieel is. Factoren die bijdragen aan de ernst zijn nog onduidelijker. In
Hoofdstuk 1 wordt een overzicht gegeven van de geschiedenis van appendicitis,
bevindingen over de etiologie en bijdragen aan de diagnostiek van acute
appendicitis op basis van deze bevindingen. Omgevingsfactoren,
microbiologische, immunologische en genetische factoren lijken van belang te zijn
bij de ontwikkeling van appendicitis. Om deze factoren verder te bestuderen, werd
een cohort van 325 patiënten met acute appendicitis prospectief gerekruteerd in
de Hasselt APPendicitis Immunologic and Environmental STudy (HAPPIEST) in het
Jessa Ziekenhuis, Hasselt, België, en werden nog eens 49 patiënten gerekruteerd
in het Sint-Vincentius Ziekenhuis, Antwerpen, België. In Hoofdstuk 2 werd
aangetoond dat omgevings- en levensstijlgerelateerde factoren het risico op het
ontwikkelen van appendicitis beïnvloeden, en in mindere mate de ernst van de
ziekte. Appendicitis was geassocieerd met een minder gezonde levensstijl,
inclusief dieet. Een positieve familiegeschiedenis was een van de belangrijkste
risicofactoren bij het ontstaan van acute appendicitis. Een lange tijd tussen de
eerste symptomen en de diagnose was belang voor de ontwikkeling van
gecompliceerde appendicitis, maar niet van gangreneuze appendicitis. Het fecale
en mucosale microbioom van patiënten met acute appendicitis werd bestudeerd
in Hoofdstuk 3. Er werden verschillen in de bacteriële samenstelling van
fecesstalen waargenomen tussen patiënten en controles, en een aantal specifieke
bacteriële species zouden geassocieerd kunnen zijn met acute appendicitis. De
fecale en luminale inhoud verschilde niet tussen gangreneuze en nietgangreneuze appendicitis patiënten. In Hoofdstuk 4 werden aangeboren
immuunresponsen op commensale en pathogene bacteriën gekarakteriseerd bij
patiënten met een geschiedenis van appendicitis en controles. Trends werden waargenomen richting hogere IL-6- en IL-8-responsen bij patiënten. Bovendien
vertoonden serummerkers op het moment van appendicitis verschillen volgens de
ernst van de ziekte. Hoofdstuk 5 beschrijft genetische associaties met acute
appendicitis, waarbij een mogelijk genetisch verband tussen CRP-concentraties en
acute appendicitis werd gevonden, en specifieke polymorfismen toonden een
mogelijk verband tussen de HLX- en CTSB-genen en acute appendicitis. In
Hoofdstuk 6 werd de diagnose en behandeling van acute appendicitis in het Jessa
Ziekenhuis bestudeerd. Bevestigde gevallen van acute appendicitis werden
vergeleken met patiënten met verdenking van acute appendicitis die geen
operatie ondergingen. Routine biomerkers, evenals diagnostische scoresystemen,
waren nuttig bij de diagnose van appendicitis, maar echografie en in het bijzonder
CT waren het meest effectief. In conclusie, verschillende factoren dragen bij aan
het risico op het ontwikkelen van acute appendicitis. Het is duidelijk dat interactie
tussen deze factoren van belang is, aangezien genetica en levensstijl de
samenstelling van de darmmicrobiota, evenals de immuunfunctie en -ontwikkeling
ernstig kunnen beïnvloeden, terwijl de appendix ook geacht wordt een rol te
spelen bij de ontwikkeling van het immuunsysteem, en immuunfunctie van belang
is bij de samenstelling van de darmflora
The Hasselt APPendicitis Immunoly and Environmental STudy (HAPPIEST)
No full textAcute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies worldwide,
with a lifetime risk estimated between 6 and 17%. The disease can be associated
with serious complications such as perforation, abscess formation and peritonitis.
Based on these complications, appendicitis is often classified as complicated
versus uncomplicated. Based on the presence of necrosis in the appendix tissue,
appendicitis can be classified as gangrenous versus non-gangrenous. Much
unclarity remains on the etiology of the disease, though it is likely multifactorial.
Factors contributing to the severity are even more unclear. In Chapter 1, an
outline is given on the history of appendicitis, findings on its etiology and
contributions to the diagnostics of acute appendicitis, based on these findings.
Environmental, microbiologic, immunologic and genetic factors appear to be of
importance in developing appendicitis. In order to study these factors further, a
cohort of 325 acute appendicitis patients was prospectively recruited in the Hasselt
APPendicitis Immunologic and Environmental STudy (HAPPIEST) at Jessa Hospital,
Hasselt, Belgium, and an additional 49 patients were recruited at Sint-Vincentius
Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium. In Chapter 2, environmental and lifestyle related
factors were shown to affect the risk of developing the disease, and to a lesser
extent the severity. Appendicitis was associated with a less healthy lifestyle,
including diet. A positive family history was one of the most important factors in
developing acute appendicitis. A long delay to diagnosis was confirmed to be of
importance in the development of complicated appendicitis, but not gangrenous
appendicitis. The fecal and mucosal microbiome of acute appendicitis patients was
studied in Chapter 3. Distinctions in the bacterial content of fecal samples were
observed between patients and controls, and a number of specific bacterial species
could be associated with acute appendicitis. The fecal and luminal content did not
differ between gangrenous and non-gangrenous appendicitis patients. In Chapter
4, innate immune responses to commensal and pathogenic bacteria were
characterized in patients with a history of appendicitis and controls. Trends were
observed towards higher IL-6 and IL-8 responses in patients. Furthermore, serum
markers at the time of appendicitis showed differences according to severity of
the disease. Chapter 5 describes genetic associations with acute appendicitis,
where a genetic link between CRP levels and acute appendicitis is suggested, and
specific polymorphisms showed a possible link between the HLX and CTSB genes and acute appendicitis. In Chapter 6, the diagnosis and treatment of acute
appendicitis at Jessa Hospital was studied. Confirmed acute appendicitis cases
were compared to patients with suspected acute appendicitis that did not undergo
surgery. Routine biomarkers, as well as diagnostic scoring systems showed helpful
in the diagnosis of appendicitis, yet ultrasound and in particular CT were most
effective. In conclusion, many different factors contribute to the risk of developing
acute appendicitis. Clearly interaction between these factors is important as
genetics and lifestyle can severely influence the composition of the gut microbiota
as well as immune function and development, while the appendix is also deemed
to play a role in immune development, and immune function is of importance in
the composition of the gut microbiota.Acute appendicitis is een van de meest voorkomende chirurgische spoedgevallen
wereldwijd. Het risico om de ziekte te ontwikkelen wordt geschat op 6 tot 17%.
De ziekte kan gepaard gaan met ernstige complicaties zoals perforatie,
abcesvorming en peritonitis. Op basis van deze complicaties wordt appendicitis
vaak geclassificeerd als gecompliceerd versus niet-gecompliceerd. Op basis van
de aanwezigheid van necrose in het appendixweefsel, kan appendicitis worden
geclassificeerd als gangreneus versus niet-gangreneus. Er is nog veel
onduidelijkheid over de etiologie van de ziekte, hoewel deze waarschijnlijk
multifactorieel is. Factoren die bijdragen aan de ernst zijn nog onduidelijker. In
Hoofdstuk 1 wordt een overzicht gegeven van de geschiedenis van appendicitis,
bevindingen over de etiologie en bijdragen aan de diagnostiek van acute
appendicitis op basis van deze bevindingen. Omgevingsfactoren,
microbiologische, immunologische en genetische factoren lijken van belang te zijn
bij de ontwikkeling van appendicitis. Om deze factoren verder te bestuderen, werd
een cohort van 325 patiënten met acute appendicitis prospectief gerekruteerd in
de Hasselt APPendicitis Immunologic and Environmental STudy (HAPPIEST) in het
Jessa Ziekenhuis, Hasselt, België, en werden nog eens 49 patiënten gerekruteerd
in het Sint-Vincentius Ziekenhuis, Antwerpen, België. In Hoofdstuk 2 werd
aangetoond dat omgevings- en levensstijlgerelateerde factoren het risico op het
ontwikkelen van appendicitis beïnvloeden, en in mindere mate de ernst van de
ziekte. Appendicitis was geassocieerd met een minder gezonde levensstijl,
inclusief dieet. Een positieve familiegeschiedenis was een van de belangrijkste
risicofactoren bij het ontstaan van acute appendicitis. Een lange tijd tussen de
eerste symptomen en de diagnose was belang voor de ontwikkeling van
gecompliceerde appendicitis, maar niet van gangreneuze appendicitis. Het fecale
en mucosale microbioom van patiënten met acute appendicitis werd bestudeerd
in Hoofdstuk 3. Er werden verschillen in de bacteriële samenstelling van
fecesstalen waargenomen tussen patiënten en controles, en een aantal specifieke
bacteriële species zouden geassocieerd kunnen zijn met acute appendicitis. De
fecale en luminale inhoud verschilde niet tussen gangreneuze en nietgangreneuze appendicitis patiënten. In Hoofdstuk 4 werden aangeboren
immuunresponsen op commensale en pathogene bacteriën gekarakteriseerd bij
patiënten met een geschiedenis van appendicitis en controles. Trends werden waargenomen richting hogere IL-6- en IL-8-responsen bij patiënten. Bovendien
vertoonden serummerkers op het moment van appendicitis verschillen volgens de
ernst van de ziekte. Hoofdstuk 5 beschrijft genetische associaties met acute
appendicitis, waarbij een mogelijk genetisch verband tussen CRP-concentraties en
acute appendicitis werd gevonden, en specifieke polymorfismen toonden een
mogelijk verband tussen de HLX- en CTSB-genen en acute appendicitis. In
Hoofdstuk 6 werd de diagnose en behandeling van acute appendicitis in het Jessa
Ziekenhuis bestudeerd. Bevestigde gevallen van acute appendicitis werden
vergeleken met patiënten met verdenking van acute appendicitis die geen
operatie ondergingen. Routine biomerkers, evenals diagnostische scoresystemen,
waren nuttig bij de diagnose van appendicitis, maar echografie en in het bijzonder
CT waren het meest effectief. In conclusie, verschillende factoren dragen bij aan
het risico op het ontwikkelen van acute appendicitis. Het is duidelijk dat interactie
tussen deze factoren van belang is, aangezien genetica en levensstijl de
samenstelling van de darmmicrobiota, evenals de immuunfunctie en -ontwikkeling
ernstig kunnen beïnvloeden, terwijl de appendix ook geacht wordt een rol te
spelen bij de ontwikkeling van het immuunsysteem, en immuunfunctie van belang
is bij de samenstelling van de darmflora
Commencer et se mettre à : une description axiologico-conceptuelle
No full text2. B. Peeters, « Commencer and se mettre à : an axiologico-conceptual description »
This paper examines in full detail all syntactic environments in which the Modern French aspectual verbs commencer and se mettre à are currently used. It also investigates the precise semantic differences between both verbs. Definitions are couched in semantic primitives. The author attempts to take a stand with respect to all observations made by others on these verbs over the last thirty years. Most examples are drawn from a corpus of weekly magazines and/or 20th century novels.Peeters Bert. Commencer et se mettre à : une description axiologico-conceptuelle. In: Langue française, n°98, 1993. Les primitifs sémantiques, sous la direction de Bert Peeters. pp. 24-47
Turbulent heat transfer in channels with irregular roughness
No full textIt is well known that rough surfaces affect turbulent flows significantly. How such surfaces affect turbulent heat transfer is less well understood. To gain more insight, we have performed a series of direct numerical simulations of turbulent heat transfer in a channel flow with grit-blasted surfaces. An immersed boundary method is used to account for the rough surface. A source term in the thermal energy balance is used to maximise the analogy between the transport of heat and the transport of streamwise momentum. The wall roughness size is varied from to =120. Turbulence statistics like mean temperature profile, mean temperature fluctuations and heat fluxes are presented. The structure of the turbulent temperature field is analysed in detail. Recirculation zones, which are the result of an adverse pressure gradient, have a profound effect on heat transfer. This is important as it leads to the wall-scaled mean temperature profiles being of larger magnitude than the mean velocity profiles both inside and outside the roughness layer. This means that the temperature wall roughness function is different from the momentum wall roughness function . Since the bulk temperature and velocity depend on and , it was shown that the Stanton number and the skin friction factor directly depend on and , respectively. Therefore, the failure of the Reynolds analogy in fully rough conditions can be directly related to the difference between and
Delving into Heart-and Soul-Like Constructs:Describing EPCs in NSM
No full textIn this introduction to the volume, the editor sets the scene for what follows, justifying the choice of label (ethnopsychological personhood construct or EPC) for the soul-, heart-, and mind-like constructs canvassed by the four contributors. He then addresses the perennial problem of Anglocentrism and reification of EPCs in scholarly discourse, where English continues to set the tone and its constructs continue to be used as yardsticks in the description of cultural diversity, thereby elevating the English language to a status it does not deserve, no matter how important it may be on a world scale. Use of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) is put forward as a way out of the problem. NSM is introduced, with specific reference to semantic primes, semantic molecules, and semantic templates. In addition, to demonstrate the famous NSM motto that �every explication is an experiment�, the author reconstructs the various stages that explications of the English EPC mind have gone through since the first attempt was made in the late 1980s
De revisor revisited: over de literatuur van de desillusie
No full textIn this article the author searches for the characteristic features of Revisor-prose, i.e. the prose associated with the literary periodical De Revisor. In the late seventies, two leading critics, Aad Nuis and Carel peeters, confronted their views on the subject. The former highlighted the references to reality, the latter emphasized the influence of imagination. A few years ago, two academic researchers, Jaap Goedegebuure and Sander Bax, followed their example. The former opted for a 'modernist' approach, the latter preferred a 'postmodernist' perspective. The author of this article presents an alternative 'poetic' reading, supported by Kathryn Hume's study on Fantasy and Mimesi
Artificial Intelligence Software for Diabetic Eye Screening: Diagnostic Performance and Impact of Stratification
Get PDFAim: To evaluate the MONA.health artificial intelligence screening software for detecting referable diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME), including subgroup analysis. Methods: The algorithm’s threshold value was fixed at the 90% sensitivity operating point on the receiver operating curve to perform the disease classification. Diagnostic performance was appraised on a private test set and publicly available datasets. Stratification analysis was executed on the private test set considering age, ethnicity, sex, insulin dependency, year of examination, camera type, image quality, and dilatation status. Results: The software displayed an area under the curve (AUC) of 97.28% for DR and 98.08% for DME on the private test set. The specificity and sensitivity for combined DR and DME predictions were 94.24 and 90.91%, respectively. The AUC ranged from 96.91 to 97.99% on the publicly available datasets for DR. AUC values were above 95% in all subgroups, with lower predictive values found for individuals above the age of 65 (82.51% sensitivity) and Caucasians (84.03% sensitivity). Conclusion: We report good overall performance of the MONA.health screening software for DR and DME. The software performance remains stable with no significant deterioration of the deep learning models in any studied strata
Effect of viscosity and density gradients on turbulent channel flows
No full textWe perform Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of a turbulent channel flow with temperature dependent density and viscosity. The Navier-Stokes equations are solved using their low Mach number formulation. In the simulations performed, the fluid is internally heated and the temperature at the walls is fixed. The friction Reynolds number based on half channel height and wall friction velocity is Reτ = 395. The modulation of turbulence, which is caused by the density and viscosity gradients, is characterized using the semi-local scaling of Huang et al. [1995, JFM]
Profissionalidade e genero : participaçao dos homens e pequena infancia
Get PDFThe approach of the relationship between professionalism and gender at work with early childhood, proposed in this paper, requires a brief contextualization. Jan Peeters is director of the Centre for Innovation in the Early Years, a research center linked to the University of Gante in Belgium and the Social Pedagogy and Social Work course. His studies focus on the relationship between gender and early childhood, with emphasis on the coordination of five projects on the professionalization of services for early childhood, within the Framework of the European Union (EU). Early-childhood services within the EU, especially in countries and regions cited by Peeters in this article, are varied and generally intersectoral in nature, involving areas such as social assistance, education and health.Although in different countries - even regions and cities - they have their own characteristics, they can be characterized as services that arise with a perspective of custody and more recently incorporate a perspective of reception. Therefore, welcoming is a broader conception about the sharing with the families of education and care of young children, which can occur in collective institutions, small institutions that welcome few children, in some contexts up to five, in private space of the family, with the hiring of a professional accredited by the responsible body, among other forms.This variety of services, named in some passages of the text as structures for early childhood, differs significantly from the Brazilian context, and requires some attention to their understanding, including in relation to the terminologies used, as welcoming, when referring to the objective of the services and caregivers and educators, when it identifies the professionals who work in different services with the children. In relation to the central theme — the relationship between gender and professionalism — the author treats it considering the set of professionals who work in different care services of young children. The studies, policies and programs that he describes and analyses throughout the text lead him to advocate gender equity in professions of young childhood, which the author calls gender-neutral professionalism, a definition derived in particular from the experiences developed in UK at Sheffield Children's Center and the Pen Green Family Center, integrated services for small childhood, which since the 1980s employ almost as many men as women.These brief notes seek to situate aspects that characterize the important contribution of Jan Peeters to the debate on gender and professionalism at work with early childhood and introduce the reader in approach presented here, which was systematized from a conference held in 2009, transformed into a paper and published in 2013, in “Little Childhood and Participation: a Democratic Approach to Welcoming” (Petite enface et participation: une approche démocratique de l'accueil), organized by Sylvie Rayna and Catherine Bouve
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