838 research outputs found
The Politics of Co-Design
No full textHuybrechts, L (reprint author), Hasselt Univ, Fac Architecture & Art, Hasselt, Belgium.
[email protected]
Participation is risky and clay analytics (book presentation and workshop;
No full textIn the Clay Analytics workshop you will use clay and light to approach the vocabulary that is touched upon in discourses around participation in art and design in a tangible way. The workshop was designed by Luna Maurer of Moniker in dialogue with Liesbeth Huybrechts, author of the book Participation is Risky. It uses clay and light play to make hands-on representations and even stories around words such as participation, user and maker, hybridity, autonomy, authorship, community and so on. Prior to the workshop Liesbeth gave a short introduction about the book
Participation is risky and clay analytics (book presentation and workshop;
No full textIn the Clay Analytics workshop you will use clay and light to approach the vocabulary that is touched upon in discourses around participation in art and design in a tangible way. The workshop was designed by Luna Maurer of Moniker in dialogue with Liesbeth Huybrechts, author of the book Participation is Risky. It uses clay and light play to make hands-on representations and even stories around words such as participation, user and maker, hybridity, autonomy, authorship, community and so on. Prior to the workshop Liesbeth gave a short introduction about the book
Role of dietary intake of specific polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on colorectal cancer risk in Iran
No full textHigh-fat diets have been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, and the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been reported to vary based on the length of PUFAs. We explored the association between dietary omega-6 and omega-3 PUFAs intake and CRC. We analyzed 865 CRC patients and 3206 controls from a case-control study of Iran (IROPICAN study). We used multivariate logistic regression models to calculate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between PUFAs intake and CRC risk. Our results showed that gamma-linolenic acid (18:3 n-6, GLA), arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, ARA), a-linolenic acid (Cis-18:3n-3, ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) consumption was not associated with the risk of CRC. However, the OR of linoleic acid (18: 2n-6, LA) intake was 1.47 (95% CI 1.01-2.14, p = 0.04) for proximal colon and that of docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3, DPA) intake was 1.33 (95% CI 1.05-1.69, p = 0.01) for rectum. This study indicates a high level of LA is associated with an increased risk of proximal colon cancer, and DPA intake was positively associated with rectum cancer risk. Furthermore, our study noted a high intake of n-6 (from vegetable oils) compared to n-3 PUFAs (from fish and seafood) in this population. Public awareness and government support is needed to increase fish and seafood production and consumption in Iran
A study on the thermal sintering process of silver nanoparticle inkjet inks to achieve smooth and highly conducting silver layers
No full textSilver nanoparticle inkjet inks are commonly used to print
electrically conductive patterns, such as sensors or electrodes
in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) or organic
photovoltaic devices (OPVs). After printing, a sintering step
is required to transform the printed layer into an electrically
conductive one. Gaining more insight into the occurring
phenomena during this post-treatment step is necessary when
applying different kinds of inkjet ink. Therefore, in this work
the commercially available silver nanoparticle inkjet ink
Metalon JS-B30G from Novacentrix is characterised during
the different stages in the printing and thermal sintering
sequence. The pre-printing and post-sintering characterisation
proves that the inkjet ink used has got the right material
parameters, such as viscosity and particle size. Silver layers
with sheet resistances of 40 mOhms/sq were obtained with an
average roughness lower than 10 nm. The experiments
performed show the different stages during the thermal
sintering procedure. Based on this, suitable thermal sintering
parameters are defined leading to application of these
conductive silver layers in OLEDs.The author would like to thank the financial contribution from the CORNET project POLEOT (IWT-TETRA-120629), the SIM Soppom+ program and the support from BOF (BijzonderOnderzoeksFonds) of Hasselt University. The author would like to thank Huguette Penxten for performing the viscosity measurements, Bart Ruttens and Christel Willems for the support during the SEM measurements and Filip Huybrechts for the language revision
Dietary fiber and protein from plant and animal origin: intake patterns in Europe and China and their association with body composition, socio-economic status and lifestyle during the period of 2002-2007
No full textThe effect of chronic stress on body composition and mineral status among children: use of hair as a biological matrix
No full textDietary intake of methyl-group carriers and breast cancer risk : compilation of nutrient databases and findings from epidemiological studies
No full textAnalysis of a reinforcement detail in a bar reinforced soil-mix wall: An experimental and numerical approach
No full textSoil-mix walls are subsoil walls, which are constructed by in situ mixing of soilwith cement and water. The technique was initially used as a ground improvementtechnique and is now being developed as construction method for wallswith a structural purpose. Currently these walls are reinforced with large steelprofiles, which requires a large quantity of steel. Replacing the profiles withbar reinforcement might lead to a decrease in required material quantity andthus a reduction of material costs.There are multiple aspects which influence the possibilities and limitationsof bar reinforced soil-mix walls. These include predictability of the materialquality, durability and cooperation between soil-mix and the reinforcement.The aim of this project was to contribute to this research by analysing oneof the influential aspects. The specific goal of this research project was toanalyse the capacity of a reinforcement detail within a soil-mix wall and definethe governing failure mechanism. The research combined an experimental andnumerical approach to the subject.The critical detail was chosen based on the Huybrechts et al. (2016), Ganneet al. (2010), Dörendahl et al. (2004) and contact with soil-mix experts. Tomodel this detail in a finite element model, in 2D and 3D, material parameterswere derived from Denies et al. (2012a), Denies et al. (2014), Denies et al.(2015a) and performed physical tests. The 2D models represented the mostcritical sections of the detail based on the theoretical stress distribution. Thegeometrical parameters of the reinforcement design were varified in the modelsto provide insight in the influence of the design on the capacity.The model results were used to define an preliminary set of design guidelinesfor the reinforcement cage, related to the depth of the wall. Since onlythe capacity of the detail is considered, these guidelines are not suficient fora complete design of a bar reinforced soil-mix wall and can only serve as aninitial indication.In conclusion, the reinforcement detail is most sensitive to failure due to verticalsplitting and has suficient capacity for acceptable wall depths. As statedbefore there are multiple aspects relevant to the feasibility of bar reinforcedsoil-mix walls. The predictability of the material quality, the bond with thereinforcement and the durability of the soil-mix strongly influence the finalcapacity and behaviour of the wall. Therefore it is important to perform furtherresearch on these, and other, aspects to conclude on the total structuralintegrity of an entire bar reinforced soil-mix wall.Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering | Concrete Structure
Investigating the role of the intestinal microbiota in colorectal cancer development : epidemiological approaches
No full textLe microbiome intestinal désigne l'ensemble des micro-organismes présents dans le tractus gastro-intestinal. Une symbiose dynamique entre l'hôte et le microbiome existe dans l'intestin et des interactions spécifiques entre le microbiome et le métabolisme de l'hôte, et son système immunitaire, sont essentielles pour façonner la physiologie de l'hôte. L'hypothèse que la perturbation de cette symbiose joue un rôle dans le développement de diverses maladies chroniques, y compris du cancer colorectal, a été émise. En effet, il existe de plus en plus de preuves expérimentales selon lesquelles le microbiome intestinal influence potentiellement le développement de tumeurs par le biais d'une dérégulation du métabolisme de l'hôte et de sa fonction immunitaire. Cependant, les données épidémiologiques reliant le microbiome intestinal à la carcinogenèse colorectale restent limitées car très peu de cohortes existantes ont collecté des échantillons fécaux. Les programmes de dépistage du cancer colorectal, dans lesquels des millions d'échantillons de selles sont prélevés chaque année, pourraient fournir de riches opportunités pour établir des cohortes basées sur la population avec des échantillons répétés et prospectivement collectés. La première partie de la thèse résume de manière systématique la littérature épidémiologique actuelle qui a été publiée au cours de la dernière décennie sur l'association entre le microbiome et le cancer. Nos résultats ont souligné que pour la plupart des indicateurs du microbiome, les preuves étaient encore trop faibles pour tirer des conclusions définitives concernant leur rôle dans le cancer. La deuxième partie de la thèse étudie l'association entre la résistance à l'insuline et l'inflammation - des facteurs de risque reconnus du cancer colorectal - et le microbiome intestinal, dans deux cohortes populationnelles : The Northern Finland Birth Cohort et TwinsUK. Notre étude a indiqué que des niveaux plus élevés de résistance à l'insuline et d'autres marqueurs de dysfonctionnement métabolique étaient associés à une diversité amoindrie du microbiome dans les deux cohortes, même après contrôle de l'obésité et d'autres facteurs. Enfin, la troisième partie de la thèse évalue la stabilité et la concordance du microbiome dans les échantillons fécaux prélevés à l'aide de différentes méthodes utilisées dans les programmes de dépistage du cancer colorectal en cours. Nos résultats suggèrent que les collections d'échantillons fécaux couramment utilisées, telles que les tests immunochimiques fécaux et les cartes de prélèvement sur papier, sont en général des supports appropriés pour mesurer la diversité microbiome, bien que des facteurs de stockage, tels que la température ambiante, puissent avoir un impact sur la stabilité de certaines méthodes. En outre, la collecte opportuniste d'échantillons fécaux dans des tubes à tests immunochimiques fécaux après le dépistage du cancer colorectal est probablement une méthode viable pour établir des cohortes avec des échantillons fécaux pré-diagnostics. Dans l'ensemble, cette thèse présente l'état de l'art sur les preuves épidémiologiques du rôle du microbiome dans la tumorigenèse. Elle fournit de nouvelles informations sur l'association des facteurs de risque métaboliques du cancer colorectal avec le microbiome intestinal dans les études populationnelles. Enfin, elle a généré d'importantes données méthodologiques sur l'impact des outils de collecte d'échantillons fécaux sur les mesures microbiennes nécessaires pour les futures recherches épidémiologiques sur le microbiome et le cancer colorectal, ainsi que sur d'autres maladies chroniquesThe gut microbiome is the ensemble of microorganisms that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract. A dynamic host-microbiome symbiosis exists in the intestine and specific interactions between the microbiota and host metabolism and immune system are critical for shaping host physiology. Disturbance of this symbiosis has been hypothesized to play a role in the development of various chronic diseases, including colorectal cancer. Indeed, there is growing experimental evidence that the gut microbiome potentially influences tumor development through dysregulation of host metabolism and immune function. However, epidemiological data linking the gut microbiome with colorectal carcinogenesis remains limited as very few existing cohorts have collected fecal samples. Colorectal cancer screening programs, in which millions of stool samples are collected each year, might provide rich opportunities to establish population-based cohorts with repeated, prospectively collected samples. The first part of the thesis systematically summarizes the current epidemiological literature that has been published in the past decade on the association of the human microbiome with cancer. Our findings emphasised that for most microbiome indicators, the evidence was still too weak to draw firm conclusions in relation to their role in cancer. The second part of the thesis investigates the association between insulin resistance and inflammation - recognised colorectal cancer risk factors - and the gut microbiome in two population-based cohorts – the Northern Finland Birth Cohort and TwinsUK. Our study indicated that higher levels of insulin resistance and other markers of metabolic dysfunction were associated with lower microbiome diversity in both cohorts, even after control for obesity and other factors. Finally, the third part of the thesis evaluates microbiome stability and accuracy in fecal samples collected using different methods employed in ongoing colorectal cancer screening programs. Our findings suggest that commonly used fecal sample collections such as fecal immunotests and paper-based collection cards are, in general, suitable media for microbiome measurements though storage factors such as ambient temperature can impact on stability for some methods. In addition, the opportunistic collection of fecal samples in fecal immunochemical test tubes after colorectal cancer screening is likely a viable method for establishing cohorts with prediagnostic fecal specimens. Overall, this thesis presents the state-of-the-art on epidemiological evidence for the role of the microbiome in tumorigenesis, provides novel insights on the association of metabolic risk factors for colorectal cancer with the gut microbiome in population-based studies, and finally has generated important methodological data on the impact of fecal sample collection tools on microbial measurements that is needed for future epidemiological research on the microbiome and colorectal cancer, as well as other chronic disease
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