538 research outputs found
Pakistan's internet landscape 2020
No full textAuthor: Jahanzaib Haque ; a report by Bytes for All, Pakista
Human Rights and Democracy: India’s Experience
No full textHuman Rights and Democracy: India’s Experience
Author / Authors : Aynul Haque
Page no. 114- 125
Discipline : Political Science/Polity/ Democratic studies
Script/language : Roman/English
Category : Research paper
Keywords: Human Rights, Democracy, Constitution, violence, crime, corruption and India
The Use and Abuse of Power and Why We Need a Bill of Rights: The AS10 (Terrorism) Amendment Act 2003 (Cth) and the case of R v UI-Haque
No full textThis paper assesses the legislative changes contained in the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation Legislation Amendment (Terrorism) Act 2003 (Cth) and their effects, in light of the recent case of R v Ul-Haque. The author argues that this case is significant for a number of reasons: first, it illustrates the extent to which the new powers are open to abuse by ASIO officers. Second, it argues that those powers erode the fundamental legal principles of a democratic state, including the right to silence, the right to adequate legal representation and most importantly, the right of habeas corpus. Third, on the basis of a comparison between the interviews conducted by ASJO and those conducted by the Australian Federal Police, the case demonstrates why it is inappropriate for ASIO to wield detention and interrogation powers. Finally, the author suggests that the case highlights the growing need for a statutory bill of rights on at least two grounds: to ensure that rights are protected at law and to promote civics education
Human Rights and Democracy: India’s Experience
No full textHuman Rights and Democracy: India’s Experience
Author / Authors : Aynul Haque
Page no. 114- 125
Discipline : Political Science/Polity/ Democratic studies
Script/language : Roman/English
Category : Research paper
Keywords: Human Rights, Democracy, Constitution, violence, crime, corruption and India
The use and abuse of power and why we need a bill of rights: the ASIO (terrorism) amendment Act 2003 (CTH) and the case of R V Ul-Haque
No full textThis paper assesses the legislative changes contained in the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation Legislation Amendment (Terrorism) Act 2003 (Cth) and their effects, in light of the recent case of R v Ul-Haque. The author argues that this case is significant for a number of reasons: first, it illustrates the extent to which the new powers are open to abuse by ASJO officers. Second, it argues that those powers erode the fundamental legal principles of a democratic state, including the right to silence, the right to adequate legal representation and most importanty the right of habeas corpus. Third, on the basis of a comparison between the interviews conducted by ASIO and those conducted by the Australian Federal Police, the case demonstrates why it isi nappropriatefo r ASJO to wield detention and interrogationp owers. Finally the authors uggests that the case highlights the growing needfor a statutory bill of rights on at least two grounds: to ensure that rights are protected at law and to promote civics education
RETHINKING INDUSTRIAL POLICY
No full textDespite the hold of the neoliberal orthodoxy on policy making in developing countries, industrial policy remains important for the promotion of industrial development. However, the context for the design of industrial policy has profoundly changed as a result of new rules governing international trade, the rise of global value chains and marketing networks, and other aspects of globalization. Traditionally, the case for industrial policy has been framed in terms of “market failures” but the paper argues that that is not a sufficient basis. After addressing the traditional points of criticism, an attempt is made to outline the “domains” of industrial policy in the current circumstances, especially for industrially lagging countries. As country contexts differ widely there are no satisfactory blueprints for policy making that countries can readily adopt. As in production decisions, considerable ingenuity and innovation is needed in designing policies. This is all the more necessary as the WTO rules have become increasingly stringent and the rise of international trading networks has created new barriers for young firms to enter the world market. These developments have changed the context but not the importance of policy in industrial development. The paper identifies areas where government intervention is needed and can still make a positive difference.
Abstract 4915: Alcohol-induced reprogramming of tumor plasticity is mediated via suppression of CCN5 signaling in breast cancer cells
No full textAbstract
Background and Objective: The epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that alcohol consumption is associated with increased risk for breast cancer development and metastasis. However, the mechanisms of alcohol-induced breast cancer progression and metastasis remain unknown. In this study, we examined the roles of CCN5, a tumor suppressor gene in alcohol induced breast cancer cell migration/invasion, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness.
Methods: Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and immortalized normal human epithelial breast cell line MCF-12A were treated with ethanol at various concentrations in the presence and absence of human recombinant human CCN5 protein (hrCCN5) . Invasive/migratory ability of treated and untreated cells was measured by Boyden chamber assays. The mRNA and protein expression level of CCN5 was determined by real-time qRT-PCR and Western blot. EMT and stemness markers were evaluated by Western blot. Single-cell suspensions from pre-treated cells were re-suspended at a density of 500 cells/ml mammocult media in ultralow attachment dishes. Number as well as the size of the mammosphere in specified experimental set-up was monitored and recorded alternate day for 8-10 days.
Results: The studies demonstrated that alcohol promotes significantly the invasive/migratory ability and EMT phenotypes of breast cancer cells through the suppression of CCN5. Interestingly, hrCCN5 protein treatment suppresses the effect of alcohol and reprograms MET (mesenchymal to epithelial transition). In addition, alcohol-induced mammosphere formation efficiency is also suppressed by hrCCN5 protein-treatment.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the CCN5 signaling plays a preventive role in alcohol-induced reprogramming of tumor plasticity in breast cancer cells.
Citation Format: Inamul Haque, Arvind Subramanian, Vijayalaxmi Gupta, Sandipto Sarkar, Snigdha Banerjee, Sushanta K. Banerjee. Alcohol-induced reprogramming of tumor plasticity is mediated via suppression of CCN5 signaling in breast cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4915. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-4915</jats:p
Abstract 84: CCN1/Cyr61 regulation of gemcitabine-resistant phenotype in pancreatic cancer: involvement of CTGF and dCK
No full textAbstract
With an estimated half a million new cases and similar mortality rates for 2016, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a life-threatening and challenging disease to diagnose and treat. As per American Cancer Society (ACS), varying efficacy in different patients has led to an increase in the mortality rate of PDAC. Gemcitabine (GEM) remains the drug of choice either alone or in combination, but is unsuccessful in reducing or curing PDAC in most patients. The limited efficacies of these drugs are due to the acquisition of chemo-resistant characteristics of PDAC. Although several molecular and physiological factors have been shown to correlate with the GEM-resistance, defined molecular mechanism(s) of GEM-resistance remains a mystery. Previous studies have shown that CCN1, which is overexpressed in PDAC and known to associate with PDAC progression, is critical for drug resistance. Here, we found that while the pancreatic cancer cell lines (i.e., Panc-1 and AsPC-1) in which CCN1 is overexpressed are typically GEM-resistant, the knocking down of CCN1 makes them sensitive to GEM. Mechanistic studies revealed that CCN1 regulates two important genes that are directly involved in regulation GEM-sensitivity in PDAC. These include cancer cell-secreted connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a regulator of desmoplasia, and Deoxycytidine kinase (dCK), an enzyme that enhances gemcitabine sensitivity and efficacy in cancer cells. The deletion of CCN1 in PDAC cells blocks CTGF expression and under co-cultured conditions prevent the growth of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-positive stellate cells, which are required for desmoplastic growth in pancreatic cancers. CCN1 ablation upregulates dCK expression in PDAC cell lines as compared to CCN1 expressed PDAC cells. These two events enhance the anti-proliferative effect of GEM and can be rescued by CTGF-treatment or blocking dCK. In conclusion, CCN1 promotes GEM-resistance in PDAC cell through the regulation of CTGF and dCK and the mechanistic insights provided by these studies may help in designing future therapeutic strategies to combat PDAC.
Citation Format: Vijayalaxmi G. Gupta, Gargi Maity, Inamul Haque, Sushanta K. Banerjee, Snigdha Banerjee. CCN1/Cyr61 regulation of gemcitabine-resistant phenotype in pancreatic cancer: involvement of CTGF and dCK [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 84. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-84</jats:p
Occurrence of guggulsterone content based chemotypes in Commiphora wightii
No full textCommiphora wightii is a critically endangered plant endemic in the arid and semi-arid regions of India. Oleogum is produced by the plant schizogenously. Upon making an incision, this gum exudes from the wound and solidifies in the arid environment. This solidfied gum-resin called ‘gum guggul or guggal’ is mentioned in Ayurvedic, Unani and Siddha literature for the treatment of many ailments. The steroidal ketones, E- and Z- guggulsterone are believed to be the active principles responsible for the medicinal properties. These resin samples were collected from plants in a few regions of Rajasthan, India, for quantitation of guggulsterone content using HPLC. Based on the quantitation of the guggulsterone content, we were able to identify three chemotypes. The first and the most common chemotype showed relatively much higher Z-guggulsterone than E-guggulsterone, the second type showed the absence of E-guggulsterone, the third and rare type showed the presence of equal amounts E- and Z-guggulsterone
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