33 research outputs found
Prevalence of human papilloma virus in HIV-positive patients: A preliminary study
No full text19th Annual Meeting of the European-Society-for-Clinical-Virology -- SEP 14-17, 2016 -- Lisbon, PORTUGALEuropean Soc Clin Viro
Comparison of immunofluorescence assay and multiplexed microparticle-based immunoassay for detecting
No full textA new multiplexed microparticle-based immunoassay was compared with the immunofluorescence assay that is used widely for detecting EBV-specific antibodies in immunocompetent patients. Serum samples of 162 patients submitted for routine EBV diagnosis were tested for viral capsid antigen IgM, viral capsid antigen IgG and serological profile interpretations with both systems. The result concordances were 94.2%, 93.6%, and 92.1%, respectively. Multiplexed microparticle-based immunoassay can be an alternative to immunofluorescence assay especially in laboratories receiving large numbers of samples. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection in Western Turkey
No full textSummaryObjectiveThe primary aim of this study was to determine the recent distribution of various genotypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients with chronic HCV infection in Western Turkey. Additional objectives were to determine whether there are any associations of genotype with gender and age, and to determine the nucleotide similarities and risk factors of non-1 HCV genotypes.MethodsSerum samples from 345 patients (176 male, 169 female; mean age 53.3±12.7 years, range 10–81 years) with chronic HCV infection were analyzed in this study. Viral genotypes were determined by a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)-based in-house assay. To confirm genotypes for the samples with band patterns other than genotype 1, the 5′ UTR was amplified and sequenced.ResultsGenotype 1 was observed in 335 of the 345 patients (97.1%). Of these, 34 patients showed infection with subtype 1a (9.9%) and 301 with subtype 1b (87.2%). Genotypes 2, 3, and 4 were determined in 0.9%, 1.4%, and 0.6% of the patients, respectively. Patients infected with type 1 were significantly older than patients infected with non-1 genotypes; however no significant differences were recorded in gender distribution.ConclusionsGenotypes other than genotype 1 are quite rare; these are possibly acquired in other countries. Turkish patients with chronic hepatitis C still represent a rather homogenous group with genotypic diversity encountered rarely
Evaluation of three different assays for the assessment of Epstein Barr Virus immunological status
No full textVarious attempts have been made to improve Epstein Barr Virus serodiagnosis by developing convenient methods. The present study evaluated the performance of multiplexed bead assays and immunoblot based assays on automated platforms by comparing them with immunofluorescence based assays for the determination of EBV immune status. A total of 45 serum samples were included in the study. Serum samples were tested by multiplexed bead EBV assays (AtheNA Multi-Lyte, Zeus Scientific,USA) and immunoblot based assays (Euroline, Euroimmun AG, Germany) on automated platforms. Assay systems were evaluated by comparing them with immunofluorescence based assays (Zeus Scientific, USA). For EBV anti-VCA IgM, anti-VCA IgG, anti-EA and anti-EBNA, the kappa values reflecting agreements of AtheNA and IFA were 0.20, 0.54, 0.92 and 0.95 for anti-EA, anti-VCA IgG, anti-VCA IgM and anti-EBNA respectively and the agreements of Euroline and IFA were 0.53, 0.67, 0.81 and 1.000 for anti-VCA IgG, anti-EA, anti-VCA IgM and anti-EBNA respectively. The results of the study performed on a limited number of serum samples demonstrated that the multiplexed bead assays and immunoblot assays agree with the standard IFA assay for anti-EBNA IgG and anti-VCA IgM detection while the agreement is less for anti-EA and anti-VCA IgG
Evaluation of immunoblot-based assay for detecting epstein-barr virus viral capsid antibodies
No full textEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) enfeksiyonlarının serolojik tanısında, immünofloresan (IFA) tekniklere alternatif olabilecek, uygulanması daha pratik ve değerlendirmesi daha objektif yeni alternatif yöntemler denenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, EBV viral kapsid antijenine karşı antikor varlığının (anti-VCA IgM ve anti-VCA IgG) saptanmasında immünoblot (IB) temelli bir testin, serolojik altın standart olarak kabul edilen IFA ile karşılaştırmalı performansının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya, Ege Üniversitesi Hastanesi Seroloji Laboratuvarına EBV enfeksiyonu serolojik durumunun saptanması amacıyla gönderilen yaşları 3 ay ile 89 yıl (ortalama 28 yıl) arasında değişen 104 kadın, 173 erkek hastaya ait 277 serum örneği alınmıştır. Tüm örnekler, IB (Euroline IgM ve IgG; Euroimmun, Almanya) ve IFA (EBV-CA IgG ve IgM, Euroimmun, Almanya) testleri ile çalışılmış ve sonuçlar phi (?) ilişki katsayısı kullanılarak karşılaştırılmıştır. IB yön- temiyle VCA IgM pozitif bulunan 216 olgunun sadece 34 (%15.7)’ü IFA IgM ile doğrulanırken, 162 (%75)’si IFA ile negatif, 20 (%9.3)’si ise şüpheli olarak saptanmıştır (?= 0.167; düşük ilişki). Buna karşın IB yöntemiyle VCA IgG pozitif bulunan 85 olgunun 82 (%96.5)’si IFA IgG ile doğrulanmış, 2 (%2.3)’si negatif ve 1 (%1.2)’i şüpheli olarak tespit edilmiş; IB ile negatif bulunan olguların %33.3 (6/18)’ü IFA IgG ile de negatif sonuç vermiştir (?= 0.441; anlamlı ilişki). IFA ile alınan şüpheli sonuçlar değerlendirme dışı bırakıldığında; IB VCA IgG ile IFA IgG sonuçları arasındaki uyum %85.4 (88/103) ve IB VCA IgM ile IFA IgM sonuçları arasındaki uyum %27.3 (69/253) olarak hesaplanmıştır. IB VCA IgM yönteminde bantların reaksiyon şiddeti ile IFA IgM pozitifliği arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde; IB testinde bant koyuluğu (1+’den 3+’e doğru) arttıkça IFA testindeki pozitiflik oranlarının da arttığı (p19 bandı için %9.9’dan %29.5’e; gp125 bandı için %24’ten %85.7) gözlenmiştir. IB VCA IgM testinde, 165 örnekte tek başına p19 bant pozitifliği belirlenmiş, bunlardan 135 (%81.8)’inin IFA ile negatif, 15 (%9.1)’inin pozitif ve 15 (%9.1)’inin şüpheli sonuç verdiği izlenmiştir. IB temelli testler otomatize platformları ve bir serum örneğinde farklı IgG panellerinin saptanabilmesi gibi özellikleri nedeniyle IFA‘ya alternatif olmakla beraber, çalışmamızda VCA IgM testinde yalancı pozitiflik oranının oldukça yüksek olduğu (%75) gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, tarama testi olarak IB yönteminin kullanıldığı rutin laboratuvarlarda, VCA IgM testi ile pozitif sonuç (özellikle de tek başına p19 bandı pozitifliği) veren örnekler ile düşük şiddette bant oluşturan örneklerin IFA ile doğrulanması gerektiği kanısına varılmıştır.Various attempts have been made to improve Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serodiagnosis by developing more practical and objective methods than immunofluorescence-based assays. In the present study, the performance of immunoblot-based assays were evaluated by comparing the results obtained by the gold standard immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) test for the detection of IgM and IgG antibodies against EBV viral capsid antigen (anti-VCA). Serum samples of 277 patients admitted to Ege University Hospital for routine EBV diagnosis were included in the study. The age range of the patients was 3 months-89 years (mean 28 years) and 104 of them were females and 173 were males. All the samples were assayed by commercial immunoblot (Euroline IgM and IgG; Euroimmun, Germany) and IFA (EBV-CA IgG and IgM, Euroimmun, Germany) methods. Crosstabulation, chi-square test and phi (Φ) measures in SPSS 16.0 statistical package programme were used for data analysis. Of the 216 samples that were interpreted as positive with immunoblot-based IgM assay, only 34 (15.7%) were confirmed as positive with IFA, whereas 162 (75%) were negative, and 20 (9.3%) were equivocal (Φ= 0.167; low correlation). Of the 85 samples that were anti-VCA IgG positive with immunoblot assay, 82 (96.5%) were positive, 2 (2.3%) were negative and 1 (1.2%) were equivocal with IFA (Φ= 0.441; significant correlation). When the indeterminate results obtained by IFA test were excluded from the evaluation, the correlation between immunoblot VCA IgG and IFA IgG was 85.4% (88/103) and between immunoblot VCA IgM and IFA IgM was 27.3% (69/253). When the intensities of bands were evaluated for IgM testing, it was noted that as the intensity of the bands increased (1+ to 3+), IFA VCA IgM reactivity rates increased (from 9.9% to 29.5% for p19 band; from 24% to 85.7% for gp125 band). For immunoblot VCA IgM testing, 165 samples were found to be positive only for VCA p19 band. Of these samples, 135 (81.8%) were negative, 15 (9.1%) were positive and 15 (9.1%) were equivocal with IFA. It is observed that even though immunoblot assays with automated blotting and scanning systems can be a convenient alternative to immunofluorescence assay, the rate of false positivity obtained for VCA IgM was high (75%). It was concluded that in laboratories which apply immunoblotting as a primary screening test for EBV serodiagnosis, the positive VCA IgM results (particularly isolated p19 band positivity) and the presence of low intensity bands, should be confirmed by IFA testing
Possible transmission risks and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in Western Turkey
No full textGiriş ve Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, bölgemizde, hepatit C virüsü infeksiyonunun olası bulaşım yollarının ve yakın dönemde he- patit C virüsü genotiplerinin dağılımının belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Hepatit C virüsü risklerinin belirlenmesi amacı ile Ege Üniversitesi Hastanesi Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarına, 2005-2010 tarihleri arasında kan örnekleri yollanarak anti-hepatit C virüs pozitif olarak bulunan toplam 215 hasta çalışmaya alınmıştır. Hepatit C virüsü genotip belirleme çalışması için Mart 2007- Mart 2011 tarihleri arasında aynı laboratuvara başvuran 535 hasta örneği çalışmaya alınmıştır. Hepatit C virüsü bulaşında ola- sı risk faktörleri hakkında bilgi, telefon anketi ile toplanmıştır. Hepatit C virüsü genotiplemesi için restriksiyon parça uzunluğu po- limorfizmi analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışma grubunda en sık görülen risk faktörlerinin dental girişimler (171; %79,5) ve ameliyat öyküsü (137; %63,7) olduğu belirlendi. 535 hastanın 499'unda (%93.3) genotip 1 saptandı. Genotip 1 saptanan olguların 69'unun genotip 1a (%12,9), 430'unun (80,4%) 1b subtipi olduğu belirlendi. Genotip 3, 20 hastada (%3,7), genotip 2, sekiz hastada (%1,5) ve genotip 4, sekiz hastada (%1,5 ) saptandı. Sonuç: Genotip 1 dışı olgularda bir artış olmakla beraber bölgemizde genoti- pik çeşitlilik nadir olarak izlenmektedir. Hastanemize başvuran hastalarda hepatit C virüs infeksiyonu açısından risk faktörleri- nin başında dental girişimler ve ameliyat öyküsü bulunmaktadır. Bu risk faktörleri basit infeksiyon kontrol uygulamaları ve eği- tim programları ile önlenebilir niteliktedir.Background/aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors which may be involved in the transmission of hepati- tis C virus and to determine the recent distribution of various genotypes in Western Turkey. Materials and Methods: The risk de- termination study consisted of 215 patients whose serum samples were sent to the Medical Microbiology Laboratory at Ege Univer- sity Hospital between 2005 and 2010 and were anti-hepatitis C virus positive. For the determination of recent genotype distributi- on, genotyping results of all 535 patients sent to the same laboratory from 2007 to 2011 were analyzed. Information on possible risk factors for the transmission of hepatitis C virus was obtained by a telephone questionnaire. Hepatitis C virus typing was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results: The most frequently reported risk factors were history of dental pro- cedures in 171 (79,5%) patients and surgical operations in 137 (63,7%) patients. Genotype 1 was observed in 499 of the 535 patients (93,3%) with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Of these, 69 patients showed infection with subtype 1a (12.9.%) and 430 - with subt- ype 1b (80.4%). Genotype 3 was determined in 20 patients (3,7%), genotype 2 - in 8 patients (1,5), and genotype 4 - in 8 patients (1,5%). Conclusions: Even though there is an increase in non-1 genotypes, Turkish patients with chronic hepatitis C still represent a rather homogenous group with genotypic diversity encountered rarely. The risk factors detected in the patients admitted to our hospital are mainly medical procedures which can be prevented by the use of simple infection control practices and implementati- on of an education program
Development of a database for tracking HIV positive/aids patients
No full textThe collection of reliable data is the first step to assess the status of HIV/AIDS in a community. HIV recording systems are necessary for organizing and analyzing the patients' data. The aim of the study was to develop a database to be used to track HIV positive/AIDS patients. The database includes general demographic fields as well as specific fields such as health history, laboratory and other clinical history, current and past drug regimens (both antiretroviral and non-antiretroviral drugs). It is also possible to organize and maintain a patient database according to specific diseases, laboratory tests and/or medication treatments
Role of Line Immunoassay in the Diagnosis of Early HIV Infection: A Diagnostic Case
No full textCombined p24 antigen-HIV antibody fourth-generation assays that identify most of the early HIV infections have been used extensively worldwide for several years. This poses challenges for the traditional algorithm of line immunoassay (LIA) confirmation. LIA tests are useful methods with their high specificity and their ability to differentiate HIV-1 from HIV-2, but they are reactive days after the fourth generation enzyme immunoassays. With acute HIV infection, high levels of infectious virus are detectable in serum and genital secretions. The rate of transmission during acute HIV infection is higher than the established HIV infection, for this reason, new HIV testing strategies need to focus on sensitivity, especially for this highly contagious phase immediately after infection. Serum sample of a patient sent to Ege University Hospital Clinical Virology Laboratory was repeatedly reactive with low signal/cutoff ratios with two different commercial fourth generation enzyme immunoassays (Architect HIV Ag/Ab Combo Reagent Kit, Abbott, Germany and Vidas HIV Duo Quick, Biomerieux, France). The sample was non-reactive with the LIA (INNO-LIA HIV I/II Score, Innogenetics, Belgium) and HIV RNA (RealTime HIV-1 Amplification Reagent Kit, Abbott, USA) result was positive (4.1 x 10(5) copies/ml). With the presentation of this case, the role of LIA in the diagnosis of early HIV infection and its place in test algorithms were questioned
Screening for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2 in a Turkish blood donor population
No full textAbstractObjectives: To determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus-1 and -2 infection in voluntary blood donors at a university hospital in the third largest city of Turkey and to evaluate the HIV testing strategy for notifying blood donors.Methods: Between July 1995 and August 1997, 36,373 voluntary blood donors who met the criteria for donating blood were tested for the presence of HIV-1 and -2 antibodies by using an automated enzyme-linked fluorescent immunoassay. Repeatedly reactive samples were subjected to a different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a line immunoassay (LIA) for the detection of antibodies.Results: Of the 36,373 samples tested 72 were found to be repeatedly reactive or borderline by the first screening enzyme immunoassay (EIA). None of the 72 samples was reactive by the second EIA. These samples were further tested by LIA: 64 were negative on the line immunoassay and 8 were indeterminate. Three of eight donors who had indeterminate results by LIA were tested for HIV-1 DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and were found to be negative. One additional donor with an indeterminate LIA was found to be negative by EIA and LIA during the 6-month follow-up period.Conclusion: Donor questioning, repeat EIA testing, LIA testing, and HIV-1 DNA analysis did not confirm evidence for HIV infection among this blood donor population. Blood donor notification of test results according to the World Health Organization (WHO) strategy III was found to be an appropriate approach
Elevated levels of matrix metalloprotein-3 in patients with coronary aneurysm: A case control study
No full textAbstract Background Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of arterial aneurysms through increased proteolysis of extracellular matrix proteins. Increased proteolysis due to elevated matrix degrading enzyme activity in the arterial wall may act as a susceptibility factor for the development of coronary aneurysms. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between MMPs and presence of coronary aneurysms. Methods Thirty patients with aneurysmal coronary artery disease and stable angina were enrolled into study (Group 1). Fourteen coronary artery disease patients with stable angina were selected as control group (Group 2). MMP-1, MMP-3 and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in peripheral venous blood and matched between the groups. Results Serum MMP-3 level was higher in patients with aneurismal coronary artery disease compared to the control group (20.23 ± 14.68 vs 11.45 ± 6.55 ng/ml, p = 0.039). Serum MMP-1 (13.63 ± 7.73 vs 12.15 ± 6.27 ng/ml, p = 0.52) and CRP levels (4.78 ± 1.47 vs 4.05 ± 1.53 mg/l, p = 0.13) were not significantly different between the groups. Conclusion MMPs can cause arterial wall destruction. MMP-3 may play role in the pathogenesis of coronary aneurysm development through increased proteolysis of extracellular matrix proteins.</p
