338 research outputs found
Differential privacy preserving based framework using blockchain for internet-of-things
No full textThe Internet of Things (IoT) has enabled the collection of vast amounts of data that can be used to improve various aspects of our lives. However, the astronomical volume of data generated by these IoT devices has raised significant concerns pertaining to privacy preservation. The amalgamation of the Internet of Things (IoT) with blockchain technology has engendered a promising solution for securing and managing IoT data, but it is still susceptible to privacy breaches. Recently, differential privacy (DP) has been proposed as a promising technique to alleviate these issues. In this paper, we design and propound a complete end-to-end blockchain-based architecture by implementing differential privacy at the stream level generated by IoT devices by deploying Laplace noise and Gaussian noise utilizing low complex cryptography mechanism and fast convergence consensus protocol to surmount the privacy preservation issues in IoT based blockchain network. Our novel DP-based framework introduces the concept of privacy levels as low, medium, and high as set by the data owner and also analyzes the impact of different parameters on the effectiveness of the approach and provides recommendations for tuning them. The workflow of our proposed framework consists of three phases: Data generation phase, Data Sharing phase, and Data Analysis phase. During the Data generation phase, the data owner will first determine the desired level of privacy protection (low, medium, high) and set the privacy budget (epsilon) and sensitivity (delta) of the data. Based on the budget value, the privacy module will generate noise from either Laplace or Gaussian distribution as requested by the data owner. The Data Sharing phase is mainly responsible for transmitting and processing the transactions inside the blockchain network. This is followed by the data analysis phase, which will check for the budget value and the amount of noise added to the data before the noisy data is handed over to the end user. We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach through multiple experimental evaluations and simulation results evince that our approach attains high levels of privacy preservation while upholding data utility and blockchain consistency. Overall, our proposed framework provides a promising solution to the privacy challenges in IoT-based blockchain systems, offering adjustable privacy levels to accommodate different privacy requirements. This DP-based approach and the adjustable privacy levels ensure alignment with the growing regulatory requirements for data privacy, such as GDPR, demonstrating compliance with these regulations and building trust with customers. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024
Towards intrusion detection to secure VANET-assisted healthcare monitoring system
No full textRemote healthcare monitoring (RHM) has been used in contemporary disease management to improve the quality of life. A Secure VANET-Assisted Remote Healthcare Monitoring System is very importance due to privacy and sensitivity of the health data. In wireless network different kind of attacks produce and involve the core functionality of VANET-Assisted Remote Healthcare Monitoring System. DoS and DDoS are two important attacks and both are related to the network availability. This study provides the detail description and working mechanism of DoS and DDoS attack in VANET-Assisted Remote Healthcare Monitoring System. Further, it proposes the possible solutions to detect and prevent such attacks in network and make sure for end users to continuous access the network. Moreover, the random forest algorithm is proposed and applied to the benchmarked dataset for the detection of the attacks that may improve the security of RHM systems. The performance is addressed in accuracy, precision and recall metrics. © 2017 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 5 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Muhammad Imran” is provided in this record*
Conversion of African Americans to Islam : a sociological analysis of the Nation of Islam and associated groups
Full text link'Conversion of African Americans to Islam: A Sociological Analysis of the Nation of
Islam Associated groups' is an empirical study of the religious experience of people
who had/have distinctive features in terms of race, ethnicity and historical experience.
The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate how African Americans' (AAs) conversion
experience in general, and the Nation of Islam associated groups' conversion in
particular, differ from the studies of recruitment and conversion in the sociology of
religion and New Religion Movements (NRMs). More specifically, their recruitment
and conversion experiences to Islam diverge from those who converted to mainstream
Islam. The study investigates how AAs' historical experience, soci-economic
difficulties and the racism they encountered shaped and influenced their religious
understanding.
Research methods involved participant observations, a survey questionnaire, interviews,
conversations, personal communications and correspondence. To collect ethnographic
data eleven months field research was conducted mainly in the Chicago area and on two
short visits to Detroit, and three years continued communications with Muslim officials
and academics in the area. During the field research and afterwards through personal
communication 181 survey questionnaire responses were received, and 23 Muslim
officials, academics and ordinary Muslims were interviewed through semi-structured,
unstructured interviews, conversation and correspondence.
The thesis begins with a brief history of Islam and Muslims in general and the African
American Muslims (AAMs) in particular. More emphasis is given on the historical
development of the Nation of Islam (NOl). Then in Chapter III, discussions of schisms
in the history of the NOT are examined from sociological perspectives of social and
religious movements. In Chapter IV I aimed to formulate my own perspective to
analyse and study the conversion experiences of AAMs to Islam. I used a multivariate
approach, considering selectively widely held conversion and recruitment theories in the
sociology of the religion. I consider in Chapter V the predisposing conditions for AAMs
that influence their decision-making to join in the NOT, for example, political and
nationalistic sentiments and socio-economic deprivations. In Chapter VI I have applied
different terms to describe their religious experiences, such as conversion, alteration and
reversion. I have analysed further their encounters with the NOT, the methods of
recruitment they used and their major motives for joining the NOT and converting to
Tslam. In the concluding chapters (Chapter VII VTTT) I describe the different responses
of AAMS to Islam following the death of Elijah Muhammad. It is found out that the
Islamic appeal has polarised. While Farakhan's NOT appeared to continue the tradition
and style of the old NOI with the emphasis on nationalistic and socio-economic factors,
Tmam W. D. Mohammed's community turned more to the religious and spiritual aspects
of Tslam. These different approaches led to a polarisation of the appeal of Tslam to
AAMS.
This thesis contributes to knowledge in four key areas; the sociology of religion and
religious movements, the sociology of social and nationalistic movements, religious and
Islamic studies
The application of Shari’ah and international human rights law in Saudi Arabia
Full text linkThis thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and was awarded by Brunel UniversityThe present dissertation provides an analytical and comparative study of the application of Islamic law (Shari’ah) and international human rights law in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It provides an analysis of the sources of Islamic law as well as the sources of international law to set the background for analysis and defines the nature of both laws. It also tackles the subject of the domestic application of international human treaties in Saudi Arabia.
In addition, it examines some reservations Saudi Arabia has entered to some of the international human rights treaties it has ratified, specifically the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). It also sheds some light on the political, cultural and religious obstacles to the realisation of norms protected by international human rights treaties in the country, and in other countries for that matter, clearly stating the impossibility of implementing the provisions of the international human rights treaties in their entirety. This is due to the various political and legal developments towards the internationalization of the concept of human rights. It observes that despite the existence of the international human rights treaties, which aim at reinforcing a universal realisation of international human rights, these rights cannot be possibly realised by all countries.
To stress the importance Saudi Arabia attaches to the issue of human rights, the dissertation discusses some rights of women before Saudi courts in family matters, an issue which has been criticised by some international human rights treaties, and examines to what extent the country has managed to tackle the issue of domestic violence, particularly violence against women. It provides an overview of the major causes of domestic violence against women in Saudi Arabia, presents some cases of domestic violence before Saudi courts and sheds some light on the measures taken by the Saudi government to combat domestic violence against women. It also tackles this issue both in the international and domestic legal frameworks, clearly stating the Islamic standpoint on the issue, namely that Islamic law, and Saudi Arabia for that matter, whose laws are essentially derived from the two main sources of Shari’ah. It also discusses the common forms of violence against women in Saudi Arabia and suggests a number of recommendations towards more effective protection of women against violence in the country.
The dissertation concludes by presenting a number of obstacles in the way of executing judicial decisions in the Kingdom as well as the obstacles which negatively affect the performance of the new code of law practice. It also presents some recommendations concerning personal status law obstacles and hindrances to progress and attempts to answer the research questions it has posed
A balance between the interpretation of al-Qasimi Muhammad Jamal al-Din al-Qasimi (v / 1914) and the interpretation of the revelation
No full textيسعى هذا البحثُ إلى الموازنة في آيات الأحكام, بين تفسيرين لعَلَمَينْ من أعلام الأمه الإسلامية, وهما محمد جمال الدين القاسمي (1914م) صاحب التفسير الكبير المعروف بتفسير (القاسميّ) ومحمد جواد مغنية (1979م) (التفسير الكاشف), من أجل التعرف على أهم السمات البارزة للمنهج الفقهي عند كليهما إذ أحدهما إمامي المذهب, والآخر يمثّل مدرسة الصحابة, وبيان أثر ذلك في تفسيريهما, ومعرفة القيمة العلمية لهذه الموازنة في آيات الاحكام, وذلك بإبراز جوانب التفوق في عمل كل منهما, وبيان مواطن التوافق والاختلاف بينهما من خلال الموازنة بينهما في آيات الأحكام.This research seeks to balance the verses of the rulings, between two interpretations of the Islamic nation\u27s flags, and the history of Muhammad Jamal al-Din al-Qasimi (1914), the author of the great interpretation known as the interpretation of al-Qasimi and Muhammad Jawad Mughniyah (1979) The most important features are Wikipedia\u27s That\u27s That\u27s The That\u27s The That\u27s The That\u27s Polis With The Travel.
Key words: Balance between the interpretation of al-Qasimi Muhammad Jamal al-Din al-Qasimi (v / 1914) and the interpretation of Kashif Muhammad Jawad Mughniyah (T / 1979) in the verses of judgments
Persuasive power concerning COVID-19 employed by Premier Imran Khan: A socio-political discourse analysis
Full text linkThe researchers investigate Pakistani Premier Imran Khan’s (IK) addresses to the nation concerning awareness about the causes, effects, precautions, and solutions of the Novel Corona Virus (COVID-19). Till the date, experts are not sure whether the vaccine will get developed or would we have to live with this as we did with HIV or Dengue. Consequently, leaders would need to address their nations, focusing specifically on precautions. The present research employs Aristotle’s persuasive and rhetorical devices, integrating them with Socio-Political Discourse Analysis (SPDA), to understand the social and political convincing style employed by the premiere. The researchers analyzed the data employing a qualitative approach. There are reliable findings to suggest that IK has used stable linguistic features to persuade the minds of the people, convincing them to follow the precautionary measures as ‘the only cure.’ The defending arguments about semi-lockdown or smart-lockdown were well-defined persuading the individuals; for instance, he suggested the smart-lockdown during his first address and faced criticism from the opposition. Later, the opposition and the world appreciated the policy of IK, the Premier of Pakistan, even being a developing country in the sight of the world. After one month of the first patient of the corona case reported in China, the policy of smart-lockdown was followed by most of the states fighting against COVID-19. Moreover, The Premier successfully persuaded the international financial organizations – IMF, World Bank, Development Banks, convincing them to waive off the pending payments of developing countries for the upcoming year.Keywords: COVID19, Persuasion, Socio-Political Discourse Analysis, Speeches, Linguistic Feature
Stocks as Hedge against Inflation in Pakistan: Evidence from ARDL Approach
Full text linkThe paper implements ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration to explore whether or not stocks are good hedge against inflation in the case of a transition economy such as Pakistan, using annual data for the period 1971 – 2008. Ng-Peron (2001) unit root test is applied to determine the stationarity of the series. The results suggest that stocks act as good hedge against inflation in Pakistan both in the long and the short run. The findings should help formulate appropriate policy to encourage investment in financial markets and thereby promote economic growth.Stock Returns, Inflation, ARDL Bounds Testing, Ng-Perron Test
Impact of Knowledge Management Infrastructure on Organizational Performance with Moderating Role of KM Performance: An Empirical Study on Banking Sector of Pakistan
Full text linkFrom the last decade, Knowledge Management (KM) performs outstanding while implemented correctly not only to enhance the internal strength of the organizations but also to boost the external competitiveness. The current study investigated the impact of KM infrastructure (technology and culture) on organizational performance (OP) and how KM performance moderates the relationship between KM infrastructure and organizational performance.A total of 400 managerial employees of banking sector of Pakistan have been selected to get responses and 363 respondents returned valid questionnaires that are used for final analysis through SPSS 21 by using multiple regression analysis and Barron and Kenny (1986) moderation test. Results of the current study revealed that there is significant positive impact of KM infrastructure on the OP and KM performance partially strengthen the relationship and these results are in line with the results of the previous studies mentioned in the literature. The results of the current study have so many managerial implications for organizations. If banks in Pakistan want to increase performance, they must have to work on maintaining the efficient KM infrastructure. When organizations have efficient KM infrastructure, these ultimately increase performance and organizations will remain competitive in the industry. Keywords: Knowledge Management, KM Infrastructure, Organizational Performance, Banking Sector of Pakista
A Benchmark Dataset for Sentiment Analysis of Users' Reviews on COVID-19 Contact Tracing Applications
No full textThis dataset is intended to support sentiment analysis of users' reviews on COVID-19 contact tracing mobile applications. The dataset is composed of a total of 34,53 manually annotated users' reviews from 46 different applications used in different parts of the world. These reviews are categorized into 4 categories including positive, negative, neutral, and technical issues. The positive class is composed of 15,587 reviews, 8,178 reviews are in the negative class while the neutral and technical issues classes are composed of 1,271 and 9,496, respectively.
The data is intended to cover three different tasks. The details of each task are provided in the paper. Moreover, in order to facilitate the potential users of the dataset, we are providing the task-wise distribution of reviews for each task in a separate folder. Each folder provides separate test and train files each with three columns representing sequence number, text, and label.
Some details of the labels in each task are provided below
Task 1:
Positive reviews = 0, negative reviews = 1, Technical Issues = 2
Task 2
Positive reviews = 0, Negative reviews = 1
Task 3
Positive reviews = 0, negative reviews =1, neutral = 2
Please cite the following paper, if you use the dataset in your wor
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