56,648 research outputs found
Medieval sovereignty Past imperfect (ARC Humanities Press)/ Andrew Latham.
No full textDescription based upon print version of record.Through a focused and systematic examination of medieval theologians, philosophers, and jurists, Andrew Latham explores how ideas about supreme political authority--sovereignty--first emerged during the high medieval period. The author provides a new model for understanding the concept of sovereignty, and traces its roots, not to the early modern or late medieval eras as do all other accounts, but to the High Middle Ages.This book aims first to provide an account of a pivotal episode in the historical evolution of the idea of sovereignty--the supreme authority to command, legislate, and judge-Frontmatter -- Contents -- Prologue -- Chapter 1. The Character of Supreme Authority: Quanto personam -- Chapter 2 The Locus of Supreme Authority Per venerabilem -- Chapter 3 Conflict over Taxation -- Chapter 4 Conflict over Jurisdiction -- Epilogue -- Further Reading1 online resource
Why “imperfect past subjunctive”?.
No full textLa forma verbal española cantara ha sido tradicionalmente designada como un
“pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo”, pero esta denominación se muestra solamente
adecuada para un empleo concreto de una forma que en la mayor parte de
sus apariciones o bien no es un “pretérito”, o bien no es un “imperfecto”, o bien
no es “subjuntivo”. El autor muestra, sobre este caso concreto, la inadecuación
general de este tipo de denominaciones modo-aspecto-temporales que siguen
siendo habituales en los compendios gramaticales.The Spanish verb form cantara has traditionally been described as an “imperfect
past subjunctive”, but this denomination only proves to be adequate for a specific
use of a verb form that, in most of its appearances, is neither a “past tense” nor
an “imperfect” nor a “subjunctive”. Starting from this specific case, the author
demonstrates the general inadequacy of these types of modal-aspectual-temporal
denominations, which are still common in grammatical compendia.Humanidade
Inflation Targeting Under Imperfect Knowledge
No full textA central tenet of inflation targeting is that establishing and maintaining well-anchored inflation expectations are essential. In this paper, we reexamine the role of key elements of the inflation targeting framework towards this end, in the context of an economy where economic agents have an imperfect understanding of the macroeconomic landscape within which the public forms expectations and policymakers must formulate and implement monetary policy. Using an estimated model of the U.S. economy, we show that monetary policy rules that would perform well under the assumption of rational expectations can perform very poorly when we introduce imperfect knowledge. We then examine the performance of an easily implemented policy rule that incorporates three key characteristics of inflation targeting: transparency, commitment to maintaining price stability, and close monitoring of inflation expectations, and find that all three play an important role in assuring its success. Our analysis suggests that simple difference rules in the spirit of Knut Wicksell excel at tethering inflation expectations to the central bank’s goal and in so doing achieve superior stabilization of inflation and economic activity in an environment of imperfect knowledge.
- …
