1,721,109 research outputs found
Centenary of the birth of Professor Salvatore Maugeri. Scientific research at the Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico as function of high assistance specialization
No full textApprocci allo studio delle neoplasie occupazionali a bassa frazione eziologica
No full textI tumori a bassa frazione eziologica
professionale continuano ad essere un problema sanitario
di rilievo, sia considerando che circa il 2-8% di tutti le
neoplasie riconosce una esposizione lavorativa come agente
concausale, sia considerando l’alto numero di lavoratori
tutt’oggi esposti ad agenti cancerogeni sui luoghi di lavoro.
Lo studio dei tumori “a bassa frazione” risulta quindi di grande
interesse tanto da essere inserito come obiettivo dei LEA
(Livelli Essenziali di Assistenza) del Ministero della Salute.
In Italia sono stati utilizzate due principali metodologie
di studio dei tumori a bassa frazione eziologica professionale,
l’una basata sulla ricerca attiva “al letto del malato”
e caratterizzata da un approccio maggiormente
clinico-diagnostico, l’altra realizzata tramite studi
di record-linkage e caratterizzata da un approccio
maggiormente epidemiologico di popolazione.
Il presente lavoro ha condotto una breve analisi comparativa
dei due approcci e dei relativi risultati, il cui esito indica
una validità di entrambi i metodi e una complementarietà
degli approcci che ne suggeriscono l’utilizzo anche
per l’attività di registri tumori specificamente dedicati alla
ricerca dei tumori a bassa frazione eziologica professionale
Are we underestimating occupational risks for neurodegenerative diseases?
No full textIn recent years a great number of studies suggests that occupational exposures could play a role in the onset of some neurodegenerative diseases. The literature data are more numerous for Parkinson's disease, Multiple Sclerosis and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, although to date no specific occupational exposure was proved to be a definite causal factor. This lack of information is attributable both to the complex patogenesis of these diseases and to a delay regarding this field of research with respect to others pathologies. Nevertheless, available evidence oblige researchers to deepen the studies of occupational exposures as risk factors of neurodegenerative diseases, in order to provide a solid basis possible preventive measures for a class of pathologies with high social impact, both in terms of therapies and in terms of disability
Pleural mesothelioma: Case-report of uncommon occupational asbestos exposure in a small furniture industry
No full textThe relationship between asbestos exposure and malignant mesothelioma is no longer disputed, although it is not always easy to trace past occupational exposure. This report describes a case of uncommon asbestos exposure of a small furniture industry worker, who subsequently died of pleural malignant mesothelioma, to stress the crucial importance of a full reconstruction of the occupational history, both for legal and compensation purposes. Sarcomatoid pleural mesothelioma was diagnosed in a 70-year-old man, who was previously employed as a carpenter in a small furniture industry. He worked for about 6 years in the small factory, was exposed to asbestos during the assembly of the furniture inspired by classical architecture, in which asbestos cement tubes were used to reproduce classical columns. During this production process no specific work safety measures were applied, nor masks or local aspirators. No extra-professional exposure to asbestos was identified. This mesothelioma case was investigated by the Public Prosecutor’s assignment that commissioned expert evidence on the legal accountability for the disease. Despite its uncommon expositive circumstance, the length of latency (about 30 years), the duration of exposure, the clinical and histochemical features are all consistent with literature evidence, accounting for the occupational origin of this malignancy
Gases and organic solvents in urine as biomarkers of occupational exposure: a review
No full textAbstract
A brief review of urine analysis in studies of occupational exposure to volatile organic compounds and gases is provided. Analysis of exhaled breath for volatile compounds does not have a long history in occupational medicine. A number of studies has been undertaken since the 1980s, and the methods are well enough accepted to be put forward as biological equivalents of threshold limit values (TLVs) for some volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as acetone; methanol; methyl ethyl ketone (MEK); methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK); tetrahydrofurane; dichloromethane. In the last 20 years many scientific articles have shown that the urinary concentrations of unchanged solvents are correlated with environmental exposure and could be used for biological monitoring
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