97 research outputs found
End- of- Life Care: Beneficence Undermines Patient’s Autonomy
No full textEnd-of-life care is a decision-making process in which health care providers, patients, and their families play a crucial role in easing the suffering of the patients and their families. Usually, end-of-life decision-making takes place in a critical situation of the patient; therefore, health care providers, particularly, physicians and nurses play a major role in making a decision for the patient’s life with regards to updated knowledge and practice. In this view, health care providers face many challenges in end-of-life decision-making due to controversy among equally unfavorable solutions; particularly between two ethical principles i.e., patient autonomy and beneficence. Health care providers often overweigh beneficence over autonomy regarding less suffering for the patient and his/her family. This approach of health care providers raises a question for undermining patients' autonomy and violating the basic ethical right of a patient. To overcome these kinds of ethical challenges, it is imperative to equip health care providers with updated knowledge of advance directives for patients. In addition, patients and their families should be well informed from the beginning to the end stage of the patient stay in the hospital. Besides, each hospital should have an ethical expert committee including nurses to analyze the entire situation and to make the decision in the best interest of the patient and his/her family
SLiMEnrich Y2H Case Study
No full textSupplementary example data for "SLiMEnrich: computational assessment of protein-protein interaction data as a source of domain-motif interactions" by Sobia Idrees, Åsa Pérez-Bercoff and Richard J Edward
Structural analysis and epitope prediction of HCV E1 protein isolated in Pakistan: an in-silico approach
No full textPredicting motif mimicry in viruses
No full textOne of the main pursuits in proteomics is to understand the complex network of protein-protein interactions (PPI) that underpin biological processes. Two major classes of PPI are domain-domain interactions (DDI) between globular proteins, and domain-motif interactions (DMI) between a globular domain and a short linear motif (SLiM) in its partner. Advances in high-throughput experimental techniques have been applied at large-scale in an attempt to characterise the interactomes of various organisms. However, the PPI networks identified by these high-throughput experiments have low resolution as compared to low-throughput technologies, such as protein co-crystallization. Furthermore, large-scale approaches may be poor at capturing low affinity or transient interactions, which includes the majority of known DMI. To date, several studies have been conducted to identify how well these PPI data can capture protein complexes, but the ability of high-throughput PPI-detection methods to capture DMI remains a largely unanswered question.
Here, a new computational pipeline (SLiMEnrich) was designed to assess how well a given source of PPI data captures DMIs and thus, by inference, how useful that data should be for SLiM discovery. To help system biologists choose appropriate methods for predicting different types of interactions, a comparison study of existing high-throughput PPI datasets was performed. PPI data, SLiM predictions, domain composition and known SLiM-domain binding partnerships were integrated to identify possible DMI and DDI within interactomes. SLiMEnrich identified PPI data that were enriched for DMI or DDI by randomising the PPI within the network to generate a background expectation. Moreover, it was found that host-pathogen PPI data can be used to study molecular mimicry in viruses and to discover novel SLiMs. An in-silico peptide exchange approach was developed and applied to provide additional validation of predicted mimicry candidates. Despite limitations of this technique in large-scale validation of predicted SLiMs and DMIs, peptide exchange simulations identified a few high-confidence SLiMs that are likely to bind known structures and therefore constitute strong candidates for molecular mimicry by human viruses
Exploring teachers\u27 conceptions and practices reading written feedback in nursing school, Karachi, Pakistan
No full textPurpose This study aimed to identify the teachers\u27 conceptions and practices of written feedback in nursing schools in Karachi. Methodology A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used to recruit the study participants from I 1 nursing schools recognized by the Pakistan Nursing Council in Karachi. The data was collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed through SPSS version-I9. Results In terms or teachers\u27 beliefs about WFB, most of the teachers agreed that WFB is as important as verbal feedback and students improve their work after receiving feedback from their teachers. Moreover, nearly, 50% of the participants thought that negative feedback leads to poor evaluation of the teacher by the students. In the practice of providing WFB, the majority of the study participants reported that most of the time, the area of focus of providing WFB to the students is the content on the paper, compared to the grammatical accuracy of the paper, followed by assignment guidelines. Majority of the participants revealed that they do not have time to discuss WFB with the students; however, when circumstances allow, they discuss it with the students on an individual basis. With regard to the factors affecting the quality of WFB, teachers identified teachers\u27 lack of training, distracting environment, and workload of the teacher were important factors. Conclusion The participants acknowledged the importance of both verbal and written feedback; however, they highlighted some factors (teachers\u27 lack of training, workload, distracting environment, and teacher-student relationship) that affect the quality of written feedback. Based on the findings of this study, the most important of all the recommendations is the suggestion to address the dire need for providing teachers training in the practice of giving WFB. Secondly, institutions should have unified policy to motivate teachers for providing WFB to their students
Discovery and design of cyclic peptides as dengue virus inhibitors through structure-based molecular docking
No full textAbstractObjectiveTo find potential peptide inhibitors against the NS2B/NS3 protease of DENV which in turn, can inhibit the viral replication inside host cell.MethodsCyclic peptides were designed having combination of positively charged amino acids using ChemSketch software and were converted to 3D structures. DENV NS3 protein structure was retrieved from Protein Data Bank (PDB) using PDB Id: 2FOM. DENV NS3 and cylic peptides were docked using MOE software after structural optimization.ResultsThrough molecular docking it was revealed that most of the peptides bound deeply in the binding pocket of DENV NS2B/NS3 protease an had interactions with catalytic triad. Peptide 2 successfully blocked the catalytic triad of NS2B/NS3 protease. Peptide 1, 4 and 6 also had potential interactions with active residues of the NS2B/NS3 protease while all other peptides were in close contact with the active sites of NS2B/NS3 protease thus, these peptides can serve as a potential drug candidate to stop viral replication.ConclusionsThus, it can be concluded from the study that these peptides could serve as important inhibitors to inhibit the viral replication and need further in-vitro investigations to confirm their efficacy
A brief review on dengue molecular virology, diagnosis, treatment and prevalence in Pakistan
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