315 research outputs found
Ayrıntılı geriatrik değerlendirmenin geriatrik olgularda farmakoterapi üzerine uzun dönem etkileri
No full textNanoemulsions: formation, properties and applications
No full textNanoemulsions are kinetically stable liquid-in-liquid dispersions with droplet sizes on the order of 100 nm. Their small size leads to useful properties such as high surface area per unit volume, robust stability, optically transparent appearance, and tunable rheology. Nanoemulsions are finding application in diverse areas such as drug delivery, food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and material synthesis. Additionally, they serve as model systems to understand nanoscale colloidal dispersions. High and low energy methods are used to prepare nanoemulsions, including high pressure homogenization, ultrasonication, phase inversion temperature and emulsion inversion point, as well as recently developed approaches such as bubble bursting method. In this review article, we summarize the major methods to prepare nanoemulsions, theories to predict droplet size, physical conditions and chemical additives which affect droplet stability, and recent applications.Eni S.p.A
OSTEOPOROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA WITH LEWY BODIES: PRELIMINARY RESULTS
No full textIntroduction and Objective: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is one of the most common types ofneurodegenerative dementias after Alzheimer Disease. In addition to dementia, distinguishing clinical features aredysautonomia and movement disorder. It is known that orthostatic hypotension, especially considered within thescope of dysautonomia, is associated with frailty, falls, mortality and morbidity. One of the importantconsequences of falling is fragility fractures that may occur due to osteoporosis. In this study, the relationshipbetween DLB and osteoporosis was examined.Materials and Methods: 35 patients with a diagnosis of DLB and 85 cognitively healthy controls without acuteproblems who applied to Dokuz Eylul University Department of Geriatrics between February 2017 and December2022 were examined. The groups were compared according to their demographic characteristics, comorbidconditions, and laboratory values.Results: The frequency of osteoporosis was 36.5% in the control group and 48.6% in the DLB group. (p=0.219)The average age was found to be higher in the DLB group (p=0.025). Female gender frequency, years of educationand eGFR (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate) levels were higher in the control group (p<0.05). Although therisk of osteoporosis increased in the DLB group, when regression analysis was performed according to age,gender, years of education and eGFR, this risk was not statistically significant. (OR:1.640, 95%CI 0.632-4.253, p=0.309).Conclusion: Osteoporosis is an important health problem in advanced age due to fragility fractures that may occuras a result of falling. Evaluation of osteoporosis in DLB, which may predispose to falls due to dysautonomia, iscrucial to prevent irreversible consequences. Although the risk and frequency of osteoporosis were found to beincreased in DLB in our study, this risk was not statistically significant. Further studies with larger study groupsare needed to elucidate this relationship.</p
Effect of L-alanyl-glycine dipeptide on calcium oxalate crystallization in artificial urine
No full textPathological crystallization of calcium oxalate (CaOx), the most common constituent of kidney stones, has attracted much attention due to recent surge in reported natural and synthetic additives effectively inhibiting its nucleation and growth. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of L-alanyl–glycine (Ala–Gly), a dipeptide commonly found in human urine, on CaOx crystallization and its phase transformation in the presence of an artificial urine media. The nucleated CaOx crystals are characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and dynamic light scattering in terms of changes in their crystalline form, morphology, and size. XRD and FTIR results revealed that Ala–Gly inhibited the formation of the thermodynamically most stable phase of CaOx, calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals. SEM images revealed that hexagonal plate-shaped COM crystals are transformed into the smaller tetragonal bipyramidal calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) crystals with increasing additive concentrations. At 125 ppm Ala–Gly concentration more pronounced aggregation of CaOx crystals is observed accompanied with higher negative zeta potential value of −27.1 ± 2.9 mV. Moreover, the phase transformation from COM to COD is also confirmed through thermogravimetric analysis. Consequently, these results suggest that Ala–Gly has a profound effect on preventing the formation of COM crystals and helping to stabilize the COD crystals, a CaOx phase that is reported to have a lower tendency to stick to kidney cells thus decreasing the risk of stone formation. The reported suppression of COM in the presence of Ala–Gly might be significant to clinicians in their attempt to develop a long-term effective treatment for kidney stones.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Complex Fluid Processin
Hiperürisemi Kırılganlık İlişkisi-Ön Sonuçlar
No full textGiriĢ: Kırılganlık, fonksiyonellikte kayıp ve mortalite ile sonuçlanabilen bir geriatrik sendromdur. Kırılganlık ile iliĢkili olabilecek serum biyobelirteçlerinin saptanması ve optimize edilmeye çalıĢılması sendromun önlenebilmesi için önemli bir adımdır. Kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, böbrek yetmezliği, diyabetes mellitus gibi kronik hastalıklar hem hiperürisemi hem de kırılganlık ile iliĢkilendirilmektedir. Amaç: ÇalıĢmamızda hiperüriseminin kırılganlık ile iliĢkisini araĢtırmayı amaçladık. Yöntem: Retrospektif kesitsel olarak tasarlanan çalıĢmamıza Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Geriatri Bilim Dalı’na Ocak 2020 ile Aralık 2023 tarihleri arasında ilk kez baĢvurmuĢ, ayrıntılı geriatrik değerlendirme (AGD) ve laboratuvar verileri eksiksiz olan hastalar dahil edilmiĢtir. Akut hastalığı olan, düzenli alkol tüketen, demans ve kanser tanılı hastalar çalıĢmadan dıĢlanmıĢtır. Ayrıca hem kırılganlık parametrelerini ve hem de serum ürik asit düzeylerini etkileyebileceği için diüretik alan hastalar çalıĢmaya dahil edilmemiĢtir. Kırılganlık tanımı için Fried Kırılganlık Fenotipi kullanılmıĢtır. Hiperürisemi; serum ürik asit seviyesi erkeklerde 7 mg/dL ve üzeri, kadınlarda 6 mg/dL ve üzeri olarak tanımlanmıĢtır. Hastalar hiperürisemi ve normoürisemi olarak iki gruba ayrılmıĢtır. Ġki grubun ilk baĢvurudaki demografik özellikleri, komorbiditeleri, laboratuvar parametreleri, AGD skorları ve kırılganlık durumları karĢılaĢtırılmıĢtır. Bulgular: ÇalıĢmaya dahil edilen 416 hastanın 243 (%58,4)’ü kadın iken ortalama yaĢ 74,70 ± 7,11 idi. Hastaların 100 (%24,0)’ünde hiperürisemi saptandı. Hiperürisemik hasta grubunda; kadınların daha fazla (p:0,014), diyabetes mellitus tanılı (p:0,026) ve böbrek fonksiyon bozukluğu olan (p:0,003) hastaların daha sık, temel günlük yaĢam aktivite skorlarının daha düĢük olduğu görüldü (p:0,026). Normoürisemi grubunda robust, hiperürisemi grubunda frail hasta yüzdesi daha yüksek (p: 0,021) iken değiĢkenlere göre düzeltme yapıldığında hiperüriseminin prefrail olma riskini 1,91 (p: 0,024, %95 GA [1,08-3,34]) kat arttığı saptandı. TartıĢma ve Sonuç: Hiperürisemisi olan yaĢlılar kırılganlık riski nedeniyle yakın takip edilmelidir. Diyet düzenlemeleri, yaĢam tarzı değiĢiklikleri ve hiperürisemi ile iliĢkili olan hastalıkların ve ilaçların uygun yönetimi gibi ürik asit düĢürücü yaklaĢımların kırılganlık üzerine etkisini inceleyen ileri çalıĢmalara ihtiyaç vardır. </p
Representation of Disabled Individuals in the Cartoon Series Broadcasted in Turkey: TRT Çocuk Channel Case
No full textSerttaş, Aybike (Arel Author), Güngör Eral, Aslı (Arel Author)Simgesel imhaya uğrayan engelli bireylerin medyadaki temsili önemsenmesi gereken bir konudur. Bir alt başlık olarak da çocuklara yönelik programlarda engellilerin temsili incelenmelidir. Bu noktadan hareketle, çalışmada engelli karakterlerin çizgi dizilerdeki yeri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın giriş bölümünde çalışmanın amaçlarına, birinci bölümünde George Gerbner'in Kültürel Göstergeler ve Ekme Kuramı'na ve konu ile ilgili benzer çalışmalara, ikinci bölümünde içerik analizi yöntemine ve son bölümünde de elde edilen verilerin sunumu ve değerlendirmesine yer verilmiştir. Sonuç olarak Türkiye'de en çok izlenen çocuk kanalı olan "TRT Çocuk" kanalında yayınlanan çizgi filmlerde hiçbir ana karakterin engelli olmadığı, engelli karakterlerin çok sınırlı biçimde (sadece bir çizgi filmde) temsil edildiği ortaya çıkmış ve engelli çocukların medyada daha etkili ve doğru biçimde temsiline yönelik adımlar atılması, engelli çocuklara ve bireylere yönelik toplumdaki algının iyileştirilmesi, engelli çocuk ve bireylerin gündelik yaşama adaptasyonuna yayın yolu ile destek olunmasına yönelik öneriler sunulmuşturThe representations of disabled people in mass media should be considered as a matter. As a subheading, the representation of the disabled should be examined in television programs for child viewers. From this point, in this study the position of the disabled characters in the cartoons is investigated. In the introductory part of the research, the purposes, George Gerbner’s Cultural Indicators and Seeding theory and similar works on the research subject, in the second part content analysis method and in the last part the presentation and evaluation of the data obtained in the analysis are given. As a result, in cartoons broadcasted on “TRT Çocuk” channel, which is the most watched child channel in Turkey, it is observed that the main characters are not disabled, the disabled characters are represented very limitedly (only in a cartoon) and suggestions are made for the steps to be taken to promote more effective and correct representation of children with disabilities in mass media, improvement of society’s disability for disabled children and individuals, support the adaptation of disabled children and individuals to daily life via broadcastin
Non-photochemical Laser-Induced Nucleation of KCl from Aqueous solutions in a Droplet-Based Microfluidic System
No full textCrystallization is one of the most widely used purification and separation processes. Nevertheless, the initial step of the crystallization process, nucleation, is still poorly understood and highly stochastic. As a result, most crystallization processes lack fine control over the produced crystal properties. Non photochemical Laser Induced Nucleation is seen as a promising technique to optimize crystallization processes, by decreasing the induction time and potentially offering more control over crystal size, amount and morphology. However, as its underlying mechanism has not yet been unveiled its appli cation is still limited. Further study of the phenomenon is thus essential, yet limited by the stochastic nature of the process. Past research has been laborious and timeconsuming, due to the substantial number of samples needed to attain statistical significance of the results. Microfluidics could offer a solution to this issue, since it allows for the study of copious amounts of independent samples in short time frames, whilst using less resources. In this study, a microfluidic system previously designed and validated within Eral Lab was further improved. Once improved, the system was used to study the effects of common NPLIN parameters such as supersaturation, laser intensity and laser wavelength on the nucleation probability in thousands of independent micro droplets. The experiments were performed using KCl solutions of both 1.05 and 1.10 supersaturation index and irradiated with light of three different wavelengths and four different laser intensities. Control cooling experiments were conducted to serve as a reference and measure the effectiveness of irradiation. Results indicated that, increasing the supersaturation increases the nucleation probability. However, small differences between both supersaturations were observed, potentially indicating a supersatura tion dependent laser intensity threshold. A threshold possibly explained by the Nanoparticle Heating model used to describe Nonphotochemical Laser Induced Nucleation. Laser irradiation of 1.05 su persaturated solutions was seen to be effective with light of all colours at higher laser intensities (≥ 50 MW/cm2). In contrast, for 1.10 supersaturated solutions irradiation was, in most cases, already effective at lower laser intensities (≥ 25 MW/cm2). No significant wavelength effect was observed, besides irradiation with 355 nm light at higher laser intensities (≥ 50 MW/cm2) to be more effective on 1.10 supersaturated solutions. Further analysis of the data was done by investigating the ability of common nucleation models, such as the Classical Nucleation Theory and the Dielectric Polarization model, to describe the behaviour. Results of the Classical Nucleation Theory were highly uncertain due to a limited amount of data points at varying supersaturations. Yet, indicated a heterogeneous influence on the nucleation probability in both the control cooling and laser irradiation experiments. The Dielectric Polarization model was not able to properly describe the nucleation events observed in the experiments, as lability parameters calculated for the experiments were inconsistent with literature and suffered from significant errors.LightX: Light induced seed generation for industrial crystallizationChemical Engineerin
Elucidating the role of hyaluronic acid in the structure and morphology of calcium oxalate crystals
No full textRecent surge in reports describing new additives that inhibiting the growth and nucleation of calcium oxalate (CaOx), the most common component of renal calculi or kidney stones, have rekindled interest in CaOx crystallization. In this in vitro study, the effect of hyaluronic acid (HA), a protein commonly found in urine, on the morphology and phase of the CaOx crystals is investigated. CaOx crystals were crystallized at pH 5.8 and 37 °C with a [Ca2+]:[C2O42-] ratio of 20:1, which is close to physiological conditions, in aqueous solution and artificial urine media. The obtained crystals were characterized structurally, morphologically and in terms of their surface charge. The crystals precipitated in aqueous solution without the HA additive were pure phase calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals with typical hexagonal morphology. The addition of HA partially promotes the transformation of COM into calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) in aqueous solution. However, the only solid phase to form in artificial urine media with and without HA was identified as COD with tetragonal bipyramidal morphology. The results of this investigation will contribute to the understanding of the role HA plays on the morphology, structure, and thermal characteristics of CaOx and ultimately facilitate the development of effective treatments for kidney stones.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Complex Fluid Processin
The Relationship Between Homocysteine Levels and Frailty in Older Women
No full textAmaç: Kırılganlık; düşme, sakatlık, uzun süreli bakım alma ve ölüm riski ile ilişkilendirilen bir geriatrik sendromdur. Bu nedenle kırılganlığın önceden saptanabilmesi ve önlenebilmesi için kırılganlık ile ilişkili olabilecek belirteçlerinin bulunması oldukça önemlidir. Vitamin B12 ve folik asit eksikliği hiperhomosisteinemiye (HHS) neden olmaktadır. HHS; ateroskleroz, tromboemboli, sarkopeni, kemik rezorbsiyonu gibi birçok olumsuz sonuç ile ilişkilendirilmektedir. Tüm bunlar HHS’yi kırılganlığın önemli bir risk faktörü olarak karşımıza çıkarmaktadır. Çalışmadaki amacımız yaşlı kadınlarda homosistein (HS) düzeyi ile kırılganlık ilişkisini ortaya koymaktır.Gereç Yöntemler: Retrospektif olarak tasarlanan çalışmamıza 50 yaş üstü, dosya kayıtlarında eksik olmayan 275 kadın hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar HS düzeylerine göre 2 gruba ayrıldı. Hastaların plazma homosistein (HS) değeri için 75. persentile denk gelen 17,2 mmol/L değeri kesme değer olarak alındı. Tüm hastaların kullandıkları ilaç sayısı, sosyodemografik özellikleri, komorbiditeleri, geriatrik sendrom varlığı, laboratuvar sonuçları, ayrıntılı geriatrik değerlendirme (AGD) parametreleri ve kırılganlık durumları kaydedilerek gruplar arası karşılaştırma yapıldı.Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların yaş ortalaması 75,35±7,41’di. HS seviyesi normal olan hastaların %19,0’ında, HHS olanların %37,3’ünde demans tanısı vardı(p<0,01). Serum HS düzeyi ile serum vitamin B12 ve folik asit düzeyleri arasında düşük düzeyde negatif korelasyon; serum kreatinin düzeyi arasında ise orta düzeyde pozitif korelasyon vardı (p<0.01). HHS’nin, tükenmişlik, düşük yürüme hızı, düşük fiziksel aktiviteyle ilişkili olduğu; dolayısıyla kırılganlık riskini arttırdığı saptandı. Yaş, serum vitamin B12, folik asit, kreatinin düzeyleri ve demans faktörü düzeltildiğinde ise HHS ile kırılganlık arasındaki ilişkinin ortadan kalktığı gözlendi.Sonuç: Plazma HS seviyesi kırılganlık ile ilişkili olabilir. Hastalarda HS’i yükselten faktörlerin düzeltilmesi, kırılganlığın önlenmesi için de önemli bir strateji olabilir.</p
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