1,720,967 research outputs found

    Abitare (temporaneo) e Sostenibile (Temporarily) and Sustainable Living

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    The scenario that we are facing involves the environmental and climate crisis as well as the social one. Flows of people are moving for various reasons, geopolitical difficulties, disastrous effects of climate change, search for work and / or life opportunities. Resources are slowly running out and we have as a mission a new environmental balance. The raw earth is an ancient material that has its roots in many countries around the world. It has several advantages in the first place the physical properties of the material, easy to work, high capacity for adaptability and with a strong identity. In addition, it has high thermal capac- ities, the massiveness of the masonry ensures the damping of thermal variations between the internal and external environment. The humidity of the internal air is naturally regulated by the vapor permeability of the material, thus ensuring hygrometric and respiratory comfort to the envi- ronments. Secondly, it is very advantageous from an economic point of view, as it is easily used in many parts of the world. It is the natural material par excellence. It is adopted by this research as the perfect answer to the great transformations that are affecting our society. To the environmental and climate crisis, raw earth responds with efficient construction solutions with zero impact. In the background of the research is positioned the social crisis, which can find answers through the rediscovery of traditional techniques, local workers and the use of local resources. The housing crisis, the search for new housing models that can respond promptly to new demands posed by society. The research attempts to propose solutions through the discovery of a material that can also be used in highly innovative smart manufactory processes, in Industry 5.0

    Valori e metriche del costruito per la progettazione sostenibile e circolare della città

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    Quando parliamo di patrimonio costruito ci riferiamo a un insieme di beni in relazione a piani e a politiche di sviluppo della città contemporanea. L’azione su questo patrimonio discende da un quadro di norme, pratiche, a sua volta esito di un complesso processo di riconoscimento e attribuzione di valori da intendersi come espressione della sensibilità e dell’orientamento di gruppi e comunità. In una fase storica segnata dal paradigma della sostenibilità, le discipline della pianificazione e della conservazione sono poste a confronto con le sfide del cambiamento climatico, della promozione di uno sviluppo circolare, della salvaguardia degli ecosistemi e della biodiversità, dell’inclusione sociale. Tuttavia, le tre dimensioni della sostenibilità (ambientale, economica e sociale) non sono arrivate a informare, in maniera compiuta, l’azione sul costruito. A partire dalla costruzione di una cornice di senso, lo studio si propone di dare un contributo critico allo stato dell’arte in termini di riconoscimento e definizione di nuovi valori e metriche per una valutazione della sostenibilità degli interventi sul patrimonio edilizio esistente, fornendo approcci e strumenti utili alla costruzione di bilanci di natura ambientale e sociale, oltre che economica. A tal fine, l’elaborazione di una literature review si configura come il primo passo per lo sviluppo di una matrice comparativa in grado di mettere in luce e classificare tassonomie di valori e metodi di misurazione proposti e codificati dal dibattito disciplinare, stimolando la riflessione su nuovi campi d’indagine funzionali a guidare le scelte di pianificazione, progetto e trasformazione della città mel Green New Deal

    Abitare sostenibile e sociale

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    La città pensata come un organismo vivo ma composto da diversi sistemi, organizzati secondo gerarchie e funzioni coordinate, era un’ipotesi, un progetto, un’utopia del modernismo che non ha resistito alla verifica della storia e dei fatti, una rappresentazione che rispecchia un immaginario teorico per molti versi utopico, svuotato in ogni caso dal concreto sviluppo di quegli organismi magmatici e vitali che sono le città contemporanee, profondamente mutate sotto la spinta dell’evoluzione tecnologica, i climate changes e i fenomeni economici e sociali che ad essi si legano. Nella città contemporanea convivono spazi fisici e virtuali e una complessa rete di connessioni che mantiene in equilibrio l’intero sistema urbano e territoriale. La città è cambiata perché «anche la società di riferimento è cambiata rapidamente e profondamente negli ultimi decenni. Gli aspetti che influenzano in modo più evidente la condizione urbana sono la crisi demografica, la crescente disuguaglianza e la crisi migratoria». Del resto, inevitabilmente, «i cambiamenti dell’economia comportano un mutamento della composizione sociale delle città» [Balducci 2018]. Tra le priorità di Agenda 2030, identificate in 17 goals, sono ben chiare e presenti questioni derivate dalla crisi economica e sociale del 2008, che hanno scatenato ulteriori livelli di criticità nella città contemporanea, intorno a temi come povertà, alimentazione, salute, istruzione, uguaglianza di genere, accesso a risorse primarie come acqua ed energia. La crisi ha di fatto polarizzato questioni sociali antiche che nelle città assumono la forma fisica del fenomeno sotteso e cioè l’ampliamento del solco tra parti di società sempre più ricche (i pochi), e parti di società sempre più povere (i molti). Tra i tanti ambiti di applicazione questo studio affronta i temi della disuguaglianza sociale in relazione allo spazio urbano, partendo dalla domanda: quale contributo possono dare gli architetti per affrontare il tema dell’aumento delle diseguaglianze? Come i processi progettuali possono contribuire a realizzare una maggiore equità sociale e un più ampio e equo accesso alle opportunità e alle risorse? Senza dubbio il problema del diritto all’abitazione ritorna ad essere, dopo decenni, un basic need. Sviluppare una ricerca sui nuovi modelli abitativi può dare un contributo, sebbene limitato, a trovare e progettare nuove forme condivise dell’abitare (co-living, co-housing, etc.) che possono aiutare a definire nuove forme del’abitare per le variegate domande di abitazione delle comunità urbane contemporanee. Un case study interessante è senza dubbio il quartiere Hunzikerareal, realizzato dalla cooperativa Mehr als wohnen, a Zurigo. Un luogo che contribuisce allo sviluppo socio-economico della città – non un semplice quartiere dormitorio -, in cui si vive, si lavora, si trascorre il proprio tempo. La forma costruita dell'abitazione è sempre stata un riflesso concreto e simbolico al tempo stesso della struttura sociale. La ricerca di modelli di nuovi dell’abitare, non può essere separata, quindi, dai nuovi modi di vivere e dalle crescenti sfide ambientali e politiche che incidono sul dove e come viviamo.The city, designed as a living organism but composed of different systems, organized according to hierarchies and coordinated functions, was a hypothesis, a project, a utopia of modernism that has not resisted the verification of history and facts, a representation that reflects a theoretical imaginary that is utopian in many ways, emptied in any case by the concrete development of those magmatic and vital organisms that are contemporary cities, profoundly changed under the pressure of technological evolution, climate changes and the economic and social phenomena that bind to them. In the contemporary city physical and virtual spaces coexist with a complex network of connections that keeps the entire urban and territorial system in balance. The "city" has changed because "even the society of reference has changed rapidly and profoundly in recent decades. The aspects that most clearly influence the urban condition are the demographic crisis, the growing inequality and the migratory crisis". Moreover, inevitably, "the changes in the economy bring about a change in the social composition of cities" [Balducci 2018]. Among the priorities of Agenda 2030, identified in 17 Goals, are very clear and present issues derived from the economic and social crisis of 2008, which have triggered further levels of criticality in the contemporary city, around issues such as poverty, food, health, education, gender equality, access to primary resources such as water and energy. The crisis has in fact polarized ancient social issues that in cities take on the physical form of the underlying phenomenon, namely the widening of the gap between parts of societies that are increasingly rich (the few), and parts of societies that are increasingly poor (the many). Among the many fields of application this study addresses the issues of social inequality in relation to urban space, starting with the question: what contribution can architects make to address the issue of increasing inequalities? How can design processes contribute to greater social equity and greater and fairer access to opportunities and resources? There is no doubt that the problem of the right to housing returns to being, after decades, a basic need. Developing research into new housing models can make a contribution, albeit limited, to finding and designing new shared forms of housing (co-living, co-housing, etc.) that can help define new forms of housing for the diverse housing demands of contemporary urban communities. An interesting case study is undoubtedly the Hunzikerareal district, developed by the Mehr als wohnen cooperative in Zurich. A place that contributes to the socio-economic development of the city - not just a dormitory district - where you live, work and spend your time. The built form of the house has always been a concrete and symbolic reflection of the social structure at the same time. The search for new models of living cannot, therefore, be separated from the new ways of living and the growing environmental and political challenges that affect where and how we live

    New ways of living

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    In our society, the phenomenon of tourism is in many ways one of the most important processes of urban transformation and updating of the meanings that cities assume as a result of the large number of visitors. Marco D’Eramo writes in “Il selfie del mondo” how our age can be defined as “the age of tourism”. These currents now affect the city and the urban tissue, already overwhelmed by this phenomenon that is difficult to monitor and assess. Alessandro Balducci, in his reading of Urba@nit, on the occasion of the presentation of the 4th report on cities, writes that “The society of reference has changed rapidly and profoundly in recent decades. New infrastructures are [...] the basis for the development of the platform economy. [...] there is the category of the so-called lean-platforms that provide services that are not available to them: Airbnb, Uber, etc.. Airbnb, the world’s largest home rental company, does not own a home. These notes are based on the research “Spaces for temporary inhabitants” carried out as part of the PhD course in Knowledge and Innovation in the Heritage Project, which studies and analyzes innovative housing models for the needs of new temporary residents and knowledge workers. “The user interface of these new housing models is changing and mutable, so we can speak in contemporary cities of temporary inhabitants, that is all those who in a dynamic of continuous flows leads young students, freelancers, buyers, businessmen, artists, tourists, to cross cities and post-metropolitan territories, in an extensive idea of “an urban that goes beyond the idea of the city as a defined unit”. A. Balducci, PRIN Beyond the Metropolis.The research that this contribution will be about starts from the observation of this phenomenon and tries to deepen the effects that this phenomenon has on urban space, looking at new forms of co-housing/co-living, trying to transform a simple traveller into a temporary inhabitant of the city. Cities will have to respond to these events without distorting their identity too much. In order to update and better understand these complex phenomena, we started from the similar questions posed by the Brithis Council for the Venice Architecture Biennale 2016 “How do we live today? But above all, how will we live tomorrow?”; There are a multitude of structures in Europe that have been adapted to these new needs to ensure different housing solutions and a mix of living and working spaces, in a shared form. Some of the cases considered among the most significant, studied and analysed by the writer, are: “Crociferi” in Venice and Kalkbreite in Zurich
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