20 research outputs found
REDUCTTON OF SO4-AND Cl-IONS FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER BY ION EXCHANGE
No full text This rvork was conduuted to study the removal of ionic irnpurities from industrial wastewater, and more particularly those in the cotton textile industry. The wastewater considered here, contains both cation and anion impurities. The method used is ion exchange. The results showed that the equilibrium isotherm is strongly favorable type, and it fitted well with Langrnuir equation. Chlorine and Sulphate ions were reduced greatly but not with the same degree ( SOa- > Cl - ).
Carbon Dioxide Removal Using Blended Amine Solution in a Randomly Packed Bed Column
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Many researchers are currently investigating carbon dioxide capture and storage since it is suppressing the global warming phenomenon. Aqueous carbon dioxide chemical absorption is the most effective method. The present study incorporates the applicability and performance of blended alkanol amine solutions monoethanolamine (MEA) with diethylenetriamine (DETA) as a chemical blended absorbent investigated in a pilot scale column packed randomly with Rashing rings. The effect of operating conditions on absorption performance was examined. The performance investigation is given in terms of the overall mass transfer coefficient and carbon dioxide capture efficiency (ƞ). Typically, DETA: MEA with a mass ratio of 1:1 and total mass concentration of 30 % wt. could provide the highest KGav with a value of 0.1572 (kmol/(m3*Kpa*hr)) and ƞ with a value of 98.79 %. While at the same condition in terms of liquid and gas rate, with DETA: MEA in the blending mass ratio 0.25:1, the KGav and ƞ values equal to: 0.1198 (kmol/(m3*Kpa*hr)) and 96.37%, respectively. Based on these findings, it is reasonable to assume that diethylenetriamine, a solution of alkanol amines, would serve as an efficient blending absorbent for carbon dioxide removal
Comparison of Aggressiveness Behavior of Chloride and Iodide Solutions on 304 and 304L Stainless Steel Alloys
No full textWork zone traffic management in rehabilitation of M-2
No full textPakistan has a population of over 199 million and total road network of approximately 264,400 kilometers that serve about 16.2 million vehicles of all types. According to WHO estimates, there were approximately 30,000 annual Road Crash Fatalities (RCF) in Pakistan in year 2010. Work zone crashes account for significant proportion of all traffic crashes in Pakistan due to higher crash rate as compared to other parts of the highway network. Highway work zone is referred to road area where highway construction, maintenance or activity related to utility maintenance takes place. Workers in highway work zone are exposed to a variety of hazards and face risk of injury and death from construction equipment as well as passing motor vehicles. Safety measures and better understanding of risks involved while moving through the work zone have significant effects on the overall safety climate at work zones. Mismanaged work zone traffic increases the travel time delays, safety issues, vehicle operating costs (VOC) and other associated costs. Performance measures for the work zone traffic management includes user costs (travel time delay, crash cost, VOC), incident response and clearance time, queue length and community complaint. Different work Zone Traffic Management methodologies are being practiced worldwide and extensive research has been carried out at international level on country specific highway work zone safety but in Pakistan very few studies have been carried out on highway work zones. This research aims to critically analyze the impacts of the different Work Zone Traffic Management methods and recommend the best option for Expressways/Motorways in Pakistan. For the purpose of research, the author has selected a section of Motorway (M-2). Two different work zone traffic management methods are being followed in rehabilitation of M-2 .i.e. Parallel/Adjacent Method and Median Cross-Over Method. Performance measures selected for purpose of analysis are Travel Time Delay, Crash Cost (Safety) and VOC and data collected on section of M-2. After critical analysis, it is concluded that Parallel / Adjacent Method results in lesser Travel Time delay and lesser VOC due to higher operating speeds and thus has higher savings, whereas Median Cross over Methods yield more Crash Cost savings. Keeping in view the driving habits / skills, poor maintenance of vehicles in Pakistan and risk of fatal accidents involved in parallel/adjacent method, median cross over method is preferred
Structural, DFT calculations, photophysical and photochemical characteristics of 1-((E)-2-phenylethenyl)-2-(4-(2-((E)-2-phenylethenyl) phenoxy) butoxy) benzene (PPPBB)
No full textX- ray single crystal structure, spectroscopic and photophysical parameters of the titled compound were studied. The titled compound shows thermal stability prior to melting at 126.17 °C with ΔH value of 109.991 JgThe presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Bending Collapse Of Rectangular Section Tubes In Relation To The Bus Roll Over Problem
No full textThe thesis is concerned with the theoretical determination of the overall
and local effects on the collapse behaviour of bus structures in a roll
over situation. The aim is to enable an early selection of structural
components, so that the finished body can absorb enough energy and
preserve sufficient strength to meet the roll over safety requirements.
Chapter 1 gives an introduction into the bus roll over problem, discusses
the present safety legislation and reveals that there is very little
information on the performance of buses in real accidents and that no
collapse analysis of the complete structure or bending collapse of its
details had been undertaken.
The investigation into 21 bus roll over accidents, summarised in Chapter
2, showed that structural safety relies on both the overall collapse
modes and hinge properties. Theoretical determination of the overall
collapse mechanism and maximum strength of a typical British coach is
carried out in Chapter 3 using the CRASHD collapse program. Some
peculiarities of the finite element modelling are demonstrated and the
analysis indicates that the collapse mechanism can be controlled by
careful selection of various structural components. Chapter 4 emphasises
the importance of a better understanding of the hinge behaviour in
vehicle structures.
Bending collapse of rectangular section tubes is investigated in Chapter
5 for hinge rotation angles up to 30-50 degrees. The analysis starts
with determination of the maximum strength of sections which may buckle
within elastic range. Repeatability of local collapse mechanisms
enabled the definition of the appropriate theoretical model. Kinematic
theorem of the limit analysis is then applied to derive the formula for
the hinge moment-rotation curve. Particular attention is paid to the
selection of the appropriate material properties. The agreement with
experimental evidence (Chapter 6) was very good for the complete range
of tubes tested. This range includes practically all the standard
sections that are used in the general structural design.
The theory is used in Chapter 7 to optimise sections from the safety
point of view and, in combination with the CRASHD program, to predict
the collapse behaviour of beams, bus rings and complete structure entirely
on the theoretical basis. Static and dynamic tests of bus rings gave
good agreement with theory.
The practical aspects of the work have been emphasised throughout the
thesis. Detailed explanation of all the major decisions has increased
the volume of the text, but the author believes that this will prove
useful for practicing engineers. People interested in essentials only
are referred to Chapter 8 where all the most important conclusions are
given
Psychological well-being on thyroid hormone replacement
No full textDespite 100 years after the discovery of thyroxine, controversy still exists regarding optimal thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Several anecdotal reports suggest that thyroxine alone therapy does not normalise psychological wellbeing. My cross-sectional study (n=1922) provided the first evidence in support of the hypothesis that a small proportion of patients on thyroxine alone therapy have increased psychological morbidity despite having normal TSH (publication 1). My second study was the largest randomised placebo controlled study to date to compare the effects of thyroxine alone and combined T3/T4 therapy over a 12 months period. This categorically proved that thyroxine alone therapy should be the first choice for hypothyroid patients (publication 2). Further genetic analysis of the deiodinase genes showed that a sub-group of hypothyroid patients with an SNP on D2 gene do have reduced psychological wellbeing on thyroxine alone therapy and improve on combined T3/T4 therapy compared to those without (publication 5). Both these findings were shown only by our study and were possible because of the large size (n=700). Detailed analysis of the various thyroid hormones and their ratio from our study showed that in addition to TSH, free T4 should be taken into account when treating hypothyroid patients (publication 4). My pharmacokinetic study provided the crucial and first evidence of the profiles of thyroid hormones on once a day combined T3/T4 therapy, highlighting the need to use either slow-release T3 or multiple doses of T3 in a day (publication 3). Our invited commentary and review (publications 6-8 & 10) have highlighted the importance of “individualised set points” for thyroid hormones, the complexity of thyroid hormone transport and actions as well as an algorithm for approaching hypothyroid patients. My other work (publication 9) was the first to test the possibility and provided the first evidence of deiodinase gene polymorphisms affecting circulating thyroid hormone levels and their possible role in psychological wellbeing in normal population. Thus, my work in the area, “Psychological wellbeing in patients of thyroid hormone replacement therapy” has provided several landmark findings, resulting in 10 publications including 4 in JCEM, 2 in Lancet and 1 in Clinical Endocrinology
One Dimensional Graphitic Carbon Nitrides as Effective Metal-Free Oxygen Reduction Catalysts
No full textTo explore the effect of morphology on catalytic properties of graphitic carbon nitride (GCN), we have studied oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance of two different morphologies of GCN in alkaline media. Among both, tubular GCN react with dissolved oxygen in the ORR with an onset potential close to commercial Pt/C. Furthermore, the higher stability and excellent methanol tolerance of tubular GCN compared to Pt/C emphasizes its suitability for fuel cells.National Natural Science Foundation of China [23171023, 50972017]; Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [20101101110026]; NSFC-RGC Joint Research Scheme [51361165201]; NSFC [51125001, 51172005]; Beijing Natural Science Foundation [2122022]; Aerostatic Science Foundation [2010ZF71003]; Doctoral Program of the Ministry of Education of China [20120001110078]; Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University through Prolific Research Group [PRG-1436-25]SCI(E)[email protected]; [email protected]
Data Descriptor: Sequence data and association statistics from 12,940 type 2 diabetes cases and controls
No full text\ua9 The Author(s) 2017. To investigate the genetic basis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) to high resolution, the GoT2D and T2D-GENES consortia catalogued variation from whole-genome sequencing of 2,657 European individuals and exome sequencing of 12,940 individuals of multiple ancestries. Over 27M SNPs, indels, and structural variants were identified, including 99% of low-frequency (minor allele frequency [MAF] 0.1-5%) non-coding variants in the whole-genome sequenced individuals and 99.7% of low-frequency coding variants in the whole-exome sequenced individuals. Each variant was tested for association with T2D in the sequenced individuals, and, to increase power, most were tested in larger numbers of individuals (>80% of low-frequency coding variants in ∼82 K Europeans via the exome chip, and ∼90% of low-frequency non-coding variants in ∼44 K Europeans via genotype imputation). The variants, genotypes, and association statistics from these analyses provide the largest reference to date of human genetic information relevant to T2D, for use in activities such as T2D-focused genotype imputation, functional characterization of variants or genes, and other novel analyses to detect associations between sequence variation and T2D
Solid waste for energy storage material as electrode of supercapacitors
No full textWe propose a novel idea to utilize environment pollutant cigarette ash for energy storage material as electrode of supercapacitors as supercapacitors can deliver high power and reasonable energy densities as compared to batteries which deliver energy as a result of chemical reactions and suffer with low power densities. Keeping in view this advantage and research focus in this field, supercapacitors of cigarette ash were fabricated as energy storage devices. The electrode composed of ash shows specific capacitance of 183.33 F/g at current density of 1 A/g for 1st cycle and 165 F/g for 2000th cycle which indicate its remarkable long-term cyclic stability in Na2SO4 electrolyte. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.National Natural Science Foundation of China [21371023, 50972017]; Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [20101101110026]; Tianjin Municipal Natural Science Foundation [15JCZDJC37300]; Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University through Prolific Research Group Project [PRG-1436-25]SCI(E)[email protected]
