14 research outputs found
The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI–1246
No full textFull list of authors: Turtelboom, Emma V.; Weiss, Lauren M.; Dressing, Courtney D.; Nowak, Grzegorz; Pallé, Enric; Beard, Corey; Blunt, Sarah; Brinkman, Casey; Chontos, Ashley; Claytor, Zachary R.; Dai, Fei; Dalba, Paul A.; Giacalone, Steven; Gonzales, Erica; Harada, Caleb K.; Hill, Michelle L.; Holcomb, Rae; Korth, Judith; Lubin, Jack; Masseron, Thomas; MacDougall, Mason; Mayo, Andrew W.; Močnik, Teo; Akana Murphy, Joseph M.; Polanski, Alex S.; Rice, Malena; Rubenzahl, Ryan A.; Scarsdale, Nicholas; Stassun, Keivan G.; Tyler, Dakotah B.; Zandt, Judah Van; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Deeg, Hans J.; Fulton, Benjamin; Gandolfi, Davide; Howard, Andrew W.; Huber, Dan; Isaacson, Howard; Kane, Stephen R.; Lam, Kristine W. F.; Luque, Rafael; Martín, Eduardo L.; Morello, Giuseppe; Orell-Miquel, Jaume; Petigura, Erik A.; Robertson, Paul; Roy, Arpita; Van Eylen, Vincent; Baker, David; Belinski, Alexander A.; Bieryla, Allyson; Ciardi, David R.; Collins, Karen A.; Cutting, Neil; Della-Rose, Devin J.; Ellingsen, Taylor B.; Furlan, E.; Gan, Tianjun; Gnilka, Crystal L.; Guerra, Pere; Howell, Steve B.; Jimenez, Mary; Latham, David W.; Larivière, Maude; Lester, Kathryn V.; Lillo-Box, Jorge; Luker, Lindy; Mann, Christopher R.; Plavchan, Peter P.; Safonov, Boris; Skinner, Brett; Strakhov, Ivan A.; Wittrock, Justin M.; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Essack, Zahra; Jenkins, Jon M.; Quintana, Elisa V.; Ricker, George R.; Vanderspek, Roland; Seager, S.; Winn, Joshua N.-- This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Multiplanet systems are valuable arenas for investigating exoplanet architectures and comparing planetary siblings. TOI-1246 is one such system, with a moderately bright K dwarf (V = 11.6, K = 9.9) and four transiting sub-Neptunes identified by TESS with orbital periods of 4.31, 5.90, 18.66, and 37.92 days. We collected 130 radial velocity observations with Keck/HIRES and TNG/HARPS-N to measure planet masses. We refit the 14 sectors of TESS photometry to refine planet radii (2.97 ± 0.06 R⊕, 2.47 ± 0.08 R⊕, 3.46 ± 0.09 R⊕, and 3.72 ± 0.16 R⊕) and confirm the four planets. We find that TOI-1246 e is substantially more massive than the three inner planets (8.1 ± 1.1 M⊕, 8.8 ± 1.2 M⊕, 5.3 ± 1.7 M⊕, and 14.8 ± 2.3 M⊕). The two outer planets, TOI-1246 d and TOI-1246 e, lie near to the 2:1 resonance (Pe/Pd = 2.03) and exhibit transit-timing variations. TOI-1246 is one of the brightest four-planet systems, making it amenable for continued observations. It is one of only five systems with measured masses and radii for all four transiting planets. The planet densities range from 0.70 ± 0.24 to 3.21 ± 0.44 g cm−3, implying a range of bulk and atmospheric compositions. We also report a fifth planet candidate found in the RV data with a minimum mass of 25.6 ± 3.6 M⊕. This planet candidate is exterior to TOI-1246 e, with a candidate period of 93.8 days, and we discuss the implications if it is confirmed to be planetary in nature. © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.We thank the time assignment committees of the University of California, the California Institute of Technology, NASA, and the University of Hawaii for supporting the TESS-Keck Survey with observing time at Keck Observatory. We thank NASA for funding associated with our Key Strategic Mission Support project. We gratefully acknowledge the efforts and dedication of the Keck Observatory staff for support of HIRES and remote observing. We recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are deeply grateful to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. We thank Ken and Gloria Levy, who supported the construction of the Levy Spectrometer on the Automated Planet Finder. We thank the University of California and Google for supporting Lick Observatory, and the UCO staff for their dedicated work scheduling and operating the telescopes of Lick Observatory. This paper is based on data collected by the TESS mission. Funding for the TESS mission is provided by the NASA Explorer Program. C.D. gratefully acknowledges support from the David & Lucile Packard Foundation and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. A.A.B., B.S.S., and I.A.S. acknowledge the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation under the grant 075-15-2020-780(N13.1902.21.0039). J.K. gratefully acknowledges the support of the Swedish National Space Agency (SNSA; DNR 2020-00104). A.W.M. is supported by the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship grant No. DGE 1752814. J.M.A.M. is supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under grant No. DGE-1842400. J.M.A.M. acknowledges the LSSTC Data Science Fellowship Program, which is funded by LSSTC, NSF Cybertraining grant No. 1829740, the Brinson Foundation, and the Moore Foundation; his participation in the program has benefited this work. C.K.H. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under grant No. DGE 2146752. M.R. is supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under grant No. DGE-1752134. R.A.R. is supported by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship, grant No. DGE 1745301. P.D. is supported by a National Science Foundation (NSF) Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1903811. R.L. acknowledges financial support from the Centre of Excellence "Severo Ochoa" award to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709). D.H. acknowledges support from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NSSC20K0593, 80NSSC21K0652). T.M. acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) through the Spanish State Research Agency, under the Severo Ochoa Program 2020-2023 (CEX2019-000920-S). K.W.F.L. acknowledges support by DFG grants RA714/14-1 within the DFG Schwerpunkt SPP 1992, "Exploring the Diversity of Extrasolar Planets."Peer reviewe
New horizons for fundamental physics with LISA
No full textArtículo firmado por más de 10 autores
© The Author(s) 2022
E. Berti is supported by NSF Grants No. PHY-1912550 and AST-2006538, NASA ATP Grants No. 17-ATP17-0225 and 19-ATP19-0051, NSF-XSEDE Grant No. PHY-090003, and NSF Grant PHY-20043. D. Blas is supported by a 'Ayuda Beatriz Galindo Senior' from the Spanish 'Ministerio de Universidades', grant BG20/00228. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. The research leading of to these results has received funding from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2020-115845GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033). K. Clough is supported by funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 693024). A. Cardenas-Avendano acknowledges funding from the Fundacion Universitaria Konrad Lorenz (Project 5INV1) and from Will and Kacie Snellings. M. Crisostomi and E. Barausse are supported by the European Union's H2020 ERC Consolidator Grant "GRavity from Astrophysical to Microscopic Scales" (Grant No. GRAMS-815673). P. Fleury received the support of a fellowship from " la Caixa" Foundation (ID 100010434). The fellowship code is LCF/BQ/PI19/11690018. C. Herdeiro thanks the support of the Center for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications (CIDMA) through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT -Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia), references UIDB/04106/2020 and UIDP/04106/2020, the projects PTDC/FIS-OUT/28407/2017, CERN/FIS-PAR/0027/2019, PTDC/FIS-AST/3041/2020 and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation (RISE) programme H2020MSCA-RISE-2017 Grant No. FunFiCO-777740. P. Pani and E. Maggio acknowledge financial support provided under the European Union's H2020 ERC, Starting Grant agreement no. DarkGRA-757480, and under the MIUR PRIN and FARE programmes (GW-NEXT, CUP: B84I20000100001), and support from the Amaldi Research Center funded by the MIUR program "Dipartimento di Eccellenza" (CUP: B81I18001170001). N.Frusciante was supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) through the research grants UIDB/04434/2020, UIDP/04434/2020, PTDC/FIS-OUT/29048/2017, CERN/FIS-PAR/0037/2019, the FCT project "CosmoTests-Cosmological tests of gravity theories beyond General Relativity" with ref. number CEECIND/00017/2018 and the FCT project "BEYLA -BEYond LAmbda" with ref. number PTDC/FIS-AST/0054/2021. L.Lombriser was supported by a Swiss National Science Foundation Professorship grant (No. 170547). S.N. acknowledges support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. D.N. acknowledges support from the NSF Grant No. PHY-2011784. R.B. acknowledges financial support from FCT -Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, I.P., under the Scientific Employment Stimulus -Individual Call -2020.00470.CEECIND. V. Paschalidis acknowledges support from NSF Grant PHY-1912619 and NASA Grant 80NSSC20K1542 to the University of Arizona. B.S.S. is supported by NSF grants No. AST-2006384 and PHY-2012083. C.F.S. is supported by contracts ESP2017-90084-P and PID2019-106515GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation) and 2017-SGR-1469 (AGAUR, Generalitat de Catalunya). T. P. S. acknowledges partial support from the STFC Consolidated Grant No. ST/P000703/1. M. Ruiz acknowledges support from NASA Grant 80NSSC17K0070 to the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. I.D. Saltas is supported by the Czech Science Foundation GACR, Grant No. 21-16583M. N. Stergioulas is supported by the ESA Prodex grant PEA:4000132310 "LISA Stochastic Signals Analysis Pipeline". F.V.; acknowledges partial support from CNES. K.Y. acknowledges support from NSF Grant PHY-1806776, NASA Grant 80NSSC20K0523, a Sloan Foundation Research Fellowship and the Owens Family Foundation. K.Y. would like to also acknowledge support by the COST Action GWverse CA16104 and JSPS KAKENHI Grants No. JP17H06358. N. Yunes acknowledges support from NASA Grants No. NNX16AB98G, 80NSSC17M0041 and 80NSSC18K1352, NSF Award No. 1759615, and the Simons Foundation through MPS Award Number 896696. D.D. acknowledge financial support via an Emmy Noether Research Group
funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) under grant no. DO 1771/1-1.The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) has the potential to reveal wonders about the fundamental theory of nature at play in the extreme gravity regime, where the gravitational interaction is both strong and dynamical. In this white paper, the Fundamental Physics Working Group of the LISA Consortium summarizes the current topics in fundamental physics where LISA observations of gravitational waves can be expected to provide key input. We provide the briefest of reviews to then delineate avenues for future research directions and to discuss connections between this working group, other working groups and the consortium work package teams. These connections must be developed for LISA to live up to its science potential in these areas.Unión Europea. H2020Ministerio de Universidades (MIU)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN)Generalidad de CataluñaFundación la CaixaCenter for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications (CIDMA)Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)Swiss National Science Foundation Professorship grant 170547Amaldi Research Center funded by the MIUR programCzech Science Foundation (GACR)German Research Foundation (DFG)Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)European Space Agency (ESA)National Science Foundation (NSF)National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)Simons FoundationJapan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)Fundación Universitaria Konrad LorenzDepto. de Física TeóricaFac. de Ciencias FísicasTRUEpu
Prognosis, disease progression, and treatment of atrial fibrillation patients during 1 year: Follow-up of the Euro Heart Survey on Atrial Fibrillation
No full textAims: To gain insight in the prognosis and treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) patients during 1-year follow-up in the Euro Heart Survey (EHS) on AF. Methods and results: The EHS enrolled 5333 AF patients in 2003-2004. One-year follow-up data were available for 80%. Of first detected AF patients, 46% did not have a recurrence during 1 year, paroxysmal AF largely remained paroxysmal AF (80%), and 30% of persistent AF progressed to permanent AF. Many treatment changes occurred since baseline. Oral anticoagulation was started in 19% and discontinued in 16% of all patients. Of patients initially on rhythm control 27% did not receive rhythm control during follow-up, whereas 15% of patients initially on rate control received rhythm control. Mortality was highest in permanent AF (8.2%), but also substantial in first detected AF (5.7%). In multivariable analysis, sinus rhythm at baseline was associated with lower mortality, but no significant effect was observed regarding the application of either rhythm or rate control. Conclusion: The EHS on AF provides unique prospective observational data on AF progression, long-term treatment, prognosis, and determinants of adverse outcome of the total clinical spectrum of AF in a European cardiology-based patient cohort. © The Author 2008
Validation of 13 Hot and Potentially Terrestrial TESS Planets
No full textAuthors: Steven Giacalone , Courtney D. Dressing , Christina Hedges, Veselin B. Kostov, Karen A. Collins , Eric L. N. Jensen , Daniel A. Yahalomi, Allyson Bieryla , David R. Ciardi , Steve B. Howell , Jorge Lillo-Box , Khalid Barkaoui, Jennifer G. Winters , Elisabeth Matthews , John H. Livingston , Samuel N. Quinn , Boris S. Safonov , Charles Cadieux, E. Furlan , Ian J. M. Crossfield, Avi M. Mandell , Emily A. Gilbert, Ethan Kruse , Elisa V. Quintana , George R. Ricker , S. Seager, Joshua N. Winn , Jon M. Jenkins , Britt Duffy Adkins, David Baker , Thomas Barclay, David Barrado , Natalie M. Batalha , Alexander A. Belinski , Zouhair Benkhaldoun , Lars A. Buchhave , Luca Cacciapuoti, David Charbonneau , Ashley Chontos, Jessie L. Christiansen , Ryan Cloutier, Kevin I. Collins , Dennis M. Conti , Neil Cutting, Scott Dixon, René Doyon, Mohammed El Mufti, Emma Esparza-Borges, Zahra Essack, Akihiko Fukui, Tianjun Gan , Kaz Gary , Mourad Ghachoui, Michaël Gillon , Eric Girardin , Ana Glidden, Erica J. Gonzales, Pere Guerra, Elliott P. Horch , Krzysztof G. Hełminiak , Andrew W. Howard , Daniel Huber , Jonathan M. Irwin , Giovanni Isopi, Emmanuël Jehin , Taiki Kagetani , Stephen R. Kane , Kiyoe Kawauchi , John F. Kielkopf , Pablo Lewin , Lindy Luker, Michael B. Lund , Franco Mallia, Shude Mao, Bob Massey , Rachel A. Matson , Ismael Mireles , Mayuko Mori , Felipe Murgas, Norio Narita, Tanner O’Dwyer, Erik A. Petigura , Alex S. Polanski , Francisco J. Pozuelos, Enric Palle, Hannu Parviainen, Peter P. Plavchan , Howard M. Relles , Paul Robertson , Mark E. Rose , Pamela Rowden , Arpita Roy, Arjun B. Savel , Joshua E. Schlieder , Chloe Schnaible, Richard P. Schwarz , Ramatholo Sefako, Aleksandra Selezneva , Brett Skinner, Chris Stockdale , Ivan A. Strakhov , Thiam-Guan Tan , Guillermo Torres , René Tronsgaard , Joseph D. Twicken, David Vermilion, Ian A. Waite , Bradley Walter, Gavin Wang, Carl Ziegler, and Yujie ZouThe Astronomical Journal
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THE FOLLOWING ARTICLE ISOPEN ACCESS
Validation of 13 Hot and Potentially Terrestrial TESS Planets
Steven Giacalone1, Courtney D. Dressing1, Christina Hedges2,3, Veselin B. Kostov4,5, Karen A. Collins6, Eric L. N. Jensen7, Daniel A. Yahalomi6,8, Allyson Bieryla6, David R. Ciardi9, Steve B. Howell3Show full author list
Published 2022 January 28 • © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.
The Astronomical Journal, Volume 163, Number 2
Citation Steven Giacalone et al 2022 AJ 163 99
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Abstract
The James Webb Space Telescope will be able to probe the atmospheres and surface properties of hot, terrestrial planets via emission spectroscopy. We identify 18 potentially terrestrial planet candidates detected by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) that would make ideal targets for these observations. These planet candidates cover a broad range of planet radii (Rₚ ∼ 0.6–2.0R⊕) and orbit stars of various magnitudes (Kₛ = 5.78–10.78, V = 8.4–15.69) and effective temperatures (Tₑᶠᶠ ∼ 3000–6000 K). We use ground-based observations collected through the TESS Follow-up Observing Program (TFOP) and two vetting tools—DAVE and TRICERATOPS—to assess the reliabilities of these candidates as planets. We validate 13 planets: TOI-206 b, TOI-500 b, TOI-544 b, TOI-833 b, TOI-1075 b, TOI-1411 b, TOI-1442 b, TOI-1693 b, TOI-1860 b, TOI-2260 b, TOI-2411 b, TOI-2427 b, and TOI-2445 b. Seven of these planets (TOI-206 b, TOI-500 b, TOI-1075 b, TOI-1442 b, TOI-2260 b, TOI-2411 b, and TOI-2445 b) are ultra-short-period planets. TOI-1860 is the youngest (133 ± 26 Myr) solar twin with a known planet to date. TOI-2260 is a young (321 ± 96 Myr) G dwarf that is among the most metal-rich ([Fe/H] = 0.22 ± 0.06 dex) stars to host an ultra-short-period planet. With an estimated equilibrium temperature of ∼2600 K, TOI-2260 b is also the fourth hottest known planet with Rₚ < 2 R⊕.We thank the NASA TESS Guest Investigator Program for
supporting this work through grant 80NSSC18K1583 (awarded
to C.D.D.). S.G. and C.D.D. also appreciate and acknowledge
support from the Hellman Fellows Fund, the Alfred P. Sloan
Foundation, the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, and the
NASA Exoplanets Research Program (XRP) through grant
80NSSC20K0250.
We acknowledge the use of public TESS Alert data from the
pipelines at the TESS Science Office and at the TESS Science
Processing Operations Center. Resources supporting this work
were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC)
Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS)
Division at Ames Research Center for the production of the
SPOC data products.
Data presented herein were obtained at the WIYN
Observatory from telescope time allocated to NN-EXPLORE
through the scientific partnership of the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration, the National Science Foundation,
and the National Optical Astronomy Observatory. NESSI was
funded by the NASA Exoplanet Exploration Program and the
NASA Ames Research Center. NESSI was built at the Ames
Research Center by S.B.H., Nic Scott, E.P.H., and Emmett
Quigley. The authors are honored to be permitted to conduct
observations on Iolkam Du’ag (Kitt Peak), a mountain within
the Tohono O’odham Nation with particular significance to the
Tohono O’odham people.
MEarth is funded by the David and Lucile Packard
Fellowship for Science and Engineering, the National Science
Foundation under grants AST-0807690, AST-1109468, AST 1004488 (Alan T. Waterman Award) and AST-1616624, and
the John Templeton Foundation. This publication was made
possible through the support of a grant from the John
Templeton Foundation. The opinions expressed in this
publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily
reflect the views of the John Templeton Foundation.
The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very
significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of
Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian
community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to
conduct observations from this mountain. D.H. acknowledges
support from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NSSC18K1585,
80NSSC19K0379), and the National Science Foundation
(AST-1717000).
Some of the observations in the paper made use of the High Resolution Imaging instrument(s) ‘Alopeke (and/or Zorro).
‘Alopeke (and/or Zorro) was funded by the NASA Exoplanet
Exploration Program and built at the NASA Ames Research
Center by S.B.H., Nic Scott, E.P.H., and Emmett Quigley. Data were reduced using a software pipeline originally written by
E. P. Horch and Mark Everett. ‘Alopeke (and/or Zorro) was
mounted on the Gemini North (and/or South) telescope of the
international Gemini Observatory, a program of NSFʼs OIR
Lab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for
Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agree ment with the National Science Foundation. on behalf of the
Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United
States), National Research Council (Canada), Agencia Nacio nal de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Ministerio de
Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Argentina), Ministério da
Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações (Brazil), and
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of
Korea). These observations were collected under program GN 2019B-LP-101. Observations acquired with Gemini-S/DSSI
were collected as a part of program GS-2018A-Q-202 (PI: J.
Winters).
Some of the results in this paper are based on observations
made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated by the
Nordic Optical Telescope Scientific Association at the
Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain,
of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. A.A.B., B.S.S., and
I.A.S. acknowledge the support of the Ministry of Science and
Higher Education of the Russian Federation under grant 075-
15-2020-780 (N13.1902.21.0039).
This paper is partially based on observations made at the
CMO SAI MSU with the support of the M.V. Lomonosov
Moscow State University Program of Development.
Based on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American
Observatory at NSFʼs NOIRLab (NOIRLab Prop. IDs
2019A-0294, 2019B-0302, 2020A-0390, 2020B-0262,
2021A-0268; PI: S. Quinn), which is managed by the
Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy
(AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National
Science Foundation. This research has been supported by
RECONS (www.recons.org) members Todd Henry, Hodari
James, Leonardo Paredes, and Wei-Chun Jao, who provided
data as part of the CHIRON program on the CTIO/SMARTS
1.5 m, which is operated as part of the SMARTS Consortium.
The research leading to these results has received funding
from the ARC grant for Concerted Research Actions, financed
by the Wallonia-Brussels Federation. TRAPPIST is funded by
the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (Fond National de la
Recherche Scientifique, FNRS) under the grant PDR
T.0120.21, with the participation of the Swiss National Science
Foundation (SNF). M. Gillon and E.J. are F.R.S.-FNRS Senior
Research Associate.
This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant
Nos. JP20K14518, JP17H04574, and JP18H05439, grant-in Aid for JSPS Fellows, grant No. JP20J21872, JST PRESTO
grant No. JPMJPR1775, JST CREST grant No. JPMJCR1761,
and the Astrobiology Center of National Institutes of Natural
Sciences (NINS) (grant No. AB031010).
This paper is based on observations made with the
MuSCAT2 instrument, developed by ABC, at Telescopio
Carlos Sánchez operated on the island of Tenerife by the IAC
in the Spanish Observatorio del Teide.
This paper is based on observations made with the
MuSCAT3 instrument, developed by the Astrobiology Center
and under financial supports by JSPS KAKENHI
(JP18H05439) and JST PRESTO (JPMJPR1775), at Faulkes Telescope North on Maui, HI, operated by the Las Cumbres
Observatory.
This work makes use of observations from the LCOGT
network.
Work by J.N.W. was supported by the Heising-Simons
Foundation.
We thank Rhodes Hart for his contributions to this paper.
Facilities: TESS, CAO:2.2 m (AstraLux), WIYN (NESSI),
SOAR (HRCam), Shane (ShARCS), Hale (PHARO),
Gemini:Gillett (’Alopeke), Gemini:South (Zorro and DSSI),
Keck:II (NIRC2), FLWO:1.5 m (TRES), NOT (FIES),
CTIO:1.5 m (CHIRON), Keck:I (HIRES), MEearth, LCOGT,
OMM:1.6 (PESTO), OAO:1.88 m (MuSCAT), TRAPPIST,
SAAO:0.5 m, Sanchez (MuSCAT2).https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ac4334/met
Antithrombotic treatment in real-life atrial fibrillation patients: a report from the Euro Heart Survey on Atrial Fibrillation
No full textAims To describe guideline adherence and application of different stroke risk strati. cation schemes regarding antithrombotic therapy in real-life atrial. brillation (AF) patients and to assess which factors influence antithrombotic management decisions.Methods and results The Euro Heart Survey enrolled 5333 AF patients in 35 countries, in 2003 and 2004. Prescription of antithrombotic drugs, especially oral anticoagulation (OAC), was hardly tailored to the patient's stroke risk pro. le as indicated by the joint guidelines of the American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, and the European Society of Cardiology, ACCP guidelines, or CHADS(2) and Framingham risk scores. In multivariable analysis, only a limited number of the well-known stroke risk factors triggered OAC prescription. In contrast, less relevant factors, of which clinical type of AF and availability of an OAC monitoring outpatient clinic were the most marked, played a significant role in OAC prescription. Electrical cardioversions and catheter ablations clearly triggered OAC prescription, whereas pharmacological cardioversions even in the presence of stroke risk factors did not.Conclusion Antithrombotic therapy in AF is hardly tailored to the patient's stroke risk pro. le. Factors other than well-known stroke risk factors were significantly involved in antithrombotic management decisions. To facilitate this tailored treatment, guideline writers and physician educators should focus on providing one uniform and easy to use stroke risk strati. cation scheme
A novel user-friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: The euro heart survey
No full textObjective: Despite extensive use of oral anticoagulation (OAC) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and the increased bleeding risk associated with such OAC use, no handy quantification tool for assessing this risk exists. We aimed to develop a practical risk score to estimate the 1-year risk for major bleeding (intracranial, hospitalization, hemoglobin decrease >2 g/L, and/or transfusion) in a cohort of real-world patients with AF. Methods: Based on 3,978 patients in the Euro Heart Survey on AF with complete follow-up, all univariate bleeding risk factors in this cohort were used in a multivariate analysis along with historical bleeding risk factors. A new bleeding risk score termed HAS-BLED (Hypertension, Abnormal renal/liver function, Stroke, Bleeding history or predisposition, Labile international normalized ratio, Elderly (> 65 years), Drugs/alcohol concomitantly) was calculated, incorporating risk factors from the derivation cohort. Results: Fifty-three (1.5%) major bleeds occurred during 1-year follow-up. The annual bleeding rate increased with increasing risk factors. The predictive accuracy in the overall population using significant risk factors in the derivation cohort (C statistic 0.72) was consistent when applied in several subgroups. Application of the new bleeding risk score (HAS-BLED) gave similar C statistics except where patients were receiving antiplatelet agents alone or no antithrombotic therapy, with C statistics of 0.91 and 0.85, respectively. Conclusion: This simple, novel bleeding risk score (HAS-BLED) provides a practical tool to assess the individual bleeding risk of real-world patients with AF, potentially supporting clinical decision making regarding antithrombotic therapy in patients with AF. © 2010 American College of Chest Physicians
Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor-based approach: The Euro Heart Survey on atrial fibrillation
No full textBackground: Contemporary clinical risk stratification schemata for predicting stroke and thromboembolism (TE) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are largely derived from risk factors identified from trial cohorts. Thus, many potential risk factors have not been included. Methods: We refined the 2006 Birmingham/National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) stroke risk stratification schema into a risk factor-based approach by reclassifying and/or incorporating additional new risk factors where relevant. This schema was then compared with existing stroke risk stratification schema in a real-world cohort of patients with AF (n = 1,084) from the Euro Heart Survey for AF. Results: Risk categorization differed widely between the different schemes compared. Patients classified as high risk ranged from 10.2% with the Framingham schema to 75.7% with the Birmingham 2009 schema. The classic CHADS 2 (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age > 75, Diabetes, prior Stroke/transient ischemic attack) schema categorized the largest proportion (61.9%) into the intermediate-risk strata, whereas the Birmingham 2009 schema classified 15.1% into this category. The Birmingham 2009 schema classified only 9.2% as low risk, whereas the Framingham scheme categorized 48.3% as low risk. Calculated C-statistics suggested modest predictive value of all schema for TE. The Birmingham 2009 schema fared marginally better (C-statistic, 0.606) than CHADS 2 . However, those classified as low risk by the Birmingham 2009 and NICE schema were truly low risk with no TE events recorded, whereas TE events occurred in 1.4% of low-risk CHADS 2 subjects. When expressed as a scoring system, the Birmingham 2009 schema (CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc acronym) showed an increase in TE rate with increasing scores ( P value for trend = .003). Conclusion: Our novel, simple stroke risk stratification schema, based on a risk factor approach, provides some improvement in predictive value for TE over the CHADS 2 schema, with low event rates in low-risk subjects and the classification of only a small proportion of subjects into the intermediate-risk category. This schema could improve our approach to stroke risk stratification in patients with AF. © 2010 American College of Chest Physicians
Progression From Paroxysmal to Persistent Atrial Fibrillation. Clinical Correlates and Prognosis
No full textObjectives: We investigated clinical correlates of atrial fibrillation (AF) progression and evaluated the prognosis of patients demonstrating AF progression in a large population. Background: Progression of paroxysmal AF to more sustained forms is frequently seen. However, not all patients will progress to persistent AF. Methods: We included 1,219 patients with paroxysmal AF who participated in the Euro Heart Survey on AF and had a known rhythm status at follow-up. Patients who experienced AF progression after 1 year of follow-up were identified. Results: Progression of AF occurred in 178 (15%) patients. Multivariate analysis showed that heart failure, age, previous transient ischemic attack or stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and hypertension were the only independent predictors of AF progression. Using the regression coefficient as a benchmark, we calculated the HATCH score. Nearly 50% of the patients with a HATCH score >5 progressed to persistent AF compared with only 6% of the patients with a HATCH score of 0. During follow-up, patients with AF progression were more often admitted to the hospital and had more major adverse cardiovascular events. Conclusions: A substantial number of patients progress to sustained AF within 1 year. The clinical outcome of these patients regarding hospital admissions and major adverse cardiovascular events was worse compared with patients demonstrating no AF progression. Factors known to cause atrial structural remodeling (age and underlying heart disease) were independent predictors of AF progression. The HATCH score may help to identify patients who are likely to progress to sustained forms of AF in the near future. © 2010 American College of Cardiology Foundation
Diabetes known or newly detected, but not impaired glucose regulation, has a negative influence on 1-year outcome in patients with coronary artery disease: A report from the Euro Heart Survey on diabetes and the heart
No full textAims: Although diabetes is known to be a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases, as well as an independent predictor for adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), information on the prognosis of patients with CAD and newly diagnosed diabetes or impaired glucose regulation (IGR) is scarce. The objective of this study was to explore 1-year outcome in relation to different glucometabolic states of patients participating in the Euro Heart Survey on diabetes and the heart. Methods and results: In 4676 out of 4961 patients, information on the relation between 1-year outcome and glucometabolic state, which was based on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or fasting glucose plasma, was available. A normal glucose metabolism was identified in 947 patients, IGR (impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance) in 1116 patients, and diabetes in 1877 patients of whom 1425 were previously diagnosed and 452 newly diagnosed. In total, 736 patients could not be classified, as no OGTT or fasting plasma glucose was performed. Previously recognized and newly detected diabetes was associated with an increased risk of 1-year mortality when compared with patients with normal glucose regulation [hazard ratio (HR) 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5-3.8 and HR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.6, respectively)]. IGR, however, could not be identified as an independent predictor for 1-year mortality (HR 1.1, 95% CI 0.6-1.9). Conclusion: This study confirmed that patients with CAD and known diabetes are at high risk for mortality and cardiovascular events and demonstrated that patients with newly diagnosed diabetes are at intermediate risk for adverse outcomes. IGR, however, could not be identified as an independent predictor for adverse outcomes during the 1-year follow-up period. © The European Society of Cardiology 2006. All rights reserved
Gender-related differences in presentation, treatment, and outcome of patients with atrial fibrillation in Europe - A report from the Euro Heart Survey on atrial fibrillation
No full textObjectives This study sought to investigate gender-related differences in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in Europe.
Background Gender-related differences may play a significant role in AF.
Methods We analyzed the data of 5,333 patients (42% female) enrolled in the Euro Heart Survey on Atrial Fibrillation.
Results Compared with men, the women were older, had a lower quality of life (QoL), had more comorbidities, more often had heart failure (HF) with preserved left ventricular systolic function (18% vs. 7%, p < 0.001), and less often had HF with systolic dysfunction (17% vs. 26%, p < 0.001). Among patients with typical AF symptoms (56% of women, 49% of men), there was no gender-related difference in the choice of rate or rhythm control. Among patients with atypical or no symptoms (44% of women, 51% of men), women less frequently underwent rhythm control (39% vs. 51%, p < 0.001) than did men. Women underwent less electrical cardioversion (22% vs. 28%, p < 0.001). Prescription of oral anticoagulants was identical (65%) in both genders. One-year outcome was similar except that women had a higher chance for stroke (odds ratio 1.83 in multivariable regression analysis, p = 0.019).
Conclusions Women with AF had more comorbidities, more HF with preserved systolic function, and a lower QoL than men. In the large group with atypical or no symptoms, women were treated appropriately more conservatively with less rhythm control than men. Women had a higher chance for stroke. Long-term QoL changes and other morbidities and mortality were similar
