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Diritto dell'Unione europea e processo costituzionale (EU Law and the procedure before the Constitutional Court)
No full textThe paper illustrates the findings of the research financed under the Research Project of Relevant National Interest (PRIN) prot. n. 200832PPPJ, on the issue of “European integration through Procedural Law", which the author coordinated from 2012 as National and Local Unit Supervisor. In this perspective, the paper firstly underlines that the role of the Italian Constitutional Court has been increasingly restrained not only by EU rules having direct effects, but also by general principles to which the Court of Justice grants the same effects, as long as they justify «in any case» the disapplication of inconsistent national rules. Starting from this finding, the paper points out that the Constitutional Court gives nonetheless broad consideration to EU law issues and shows, in so doing, a remarkable opening towards «external» sources of law, as the constitutional judgment No. 80/2011 clearly confirms. In this view, the Court has recently suggested that the provisions of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights could work as «special» parameters (“norme interposte”) for the purpose of constitutional review of legislation, in order to ensure an adequate level of protection to the rights thereby established. In the same view, the Court has also significantly rethought its relation with the European Court of Justice and it has referred to the ECJ both questions of interpretation and of validity of EU law, although so far only in the course of «principal» proceedings (i.e. proceedings started by the State or other «privileged» applicants) and not yet in the course of «incidental» proceedings (i.e. proceedings concerning questions raised by national courts), despite the unanimous opinion of legal scholarship. The Constitutional Court has finally asserted its capability to play a role within the European integration process by reserving its power (through the application of the so-called counter-limits theory) to review the Italian legislation implementing the European Treaties in the unlikely hypotheses of their contrast with the fundamental principles of the national constitutional order or with the fundamental rights of the individuals
I diritti umani settant'anni dopo. L'attualità della Dichiarazione universale tra questioni irrisolte e nuove minacce: Introduzione
No full textOn the occasion of its 70th celebration, the contribution underlines the role played by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (i) in promoting the relevance of individuals in the field of the international law, and (ii) in inspiring a “new humanism”, based on the universal value of human dignity
The General Conflict of Law Rule in Rome II Regulation: between Tradition and the new Need for Flexibility
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In tema di applicazione giudiziale del diritto straniero
No full textIl lavoro tratta il tema dell’interpretazione ed applicazione del diritto straniero richiamato dalle norme di conflitto come questione centrale che il giudice deve affrontare affinché a tale diritto sia garantita la stessa effettività e coerenza che gli sono proprie nell’ordinamento d’origine, secondo i canoni ermeneutici generali ivi impiegati. In tale prospettiva, evidenziati gli spunti evolutivi ma anche le criticità al riguardo riscontrabili nella prassi giurisprudenziale italiana (esaminata alla luce di esperienze maturate in altri ordinamenti, ed in particolare in quello francese), viene proposta una lettura particolarmente pregnante degli articoli 14 e 15 della legge 218 del 1995, soffermando in particolare l’attenzione (i) sui problemi che essi sollevano in sede di accertamento e di interpretazione della norma straniera volta a volta richiamata (nonché sulla specifica correlazione tra le due «fasi» in tal modo individuate), (ii) sul controllo di costituzionalità della norma straniera alla stregua dell’ordinamento dal quale trae origine e (iii) sui rimedi esperibili in caso di mancata o non corretta applicazione.
The article focuses upon the interpretation and application of foreign law designated by conflict of law rules, as a central issue to be dealt with by the judge, in order to preserve the effectiveness and the coherence that such law enjoys in its own legal system, according to the general hermeneutical criteria there employed. In this perspective, after analyzing the evolutionary trends as well as the critical issues emerged within Italian case-law (examined in the light of the experiences developed within foreign legal contexts, with specific reference to the French system), the article suggests a meaningful analysis of articles 14 and 15 of Law No. 218 of 1995, with specific regard to: (i) the issues of ascertainment and interpretation of the rules of the foreign law designated by conflict of law rules (as well as to the relation between such two «phases»), (ii) the control of constitutionality of rules of foreign of law in the light of their original constitutional context and (iii) the remedies available in case of defective application of foreign law
European Union, Environmental Protection and Private International Law: Article 7 of Rome II Regulation
No full textArt. 7 of Regulation No. 864/07 (so called Rome II Regulation) provides for a specific conflict of laws rule concerning liability for environmental damage, which empowers the person sustaining the damage to choose between the application of the lex loci damni and the application of the lex loci actus.
The present article analyses the rationale underpinning the attribution to only one of the parties concerned (the person sustaining the damage) of the unilateral right to choose the law applicable to their relationship and it concludes that the provision at issue does not purport to alter the equal balance between such parties, as it rather aims at ensuring a high level of environmental protection, both by preventing a race to the bottom of the relevant national legal standards and by discouraging the phenomenon known as environmental dumping. Furthermore, the article compares the specific provision laid down by art. 7 of Rome II Regulation with the general conflict of laws rule provided by art. 4 and art. 14 of the same instrument, with particular reference to the role played – in the peculiar context of environmental liability – by party autonomy and to the different relevance attributed by the said rules to the lex loci damni and to the lex loci actus
La volontà delle parti nel contratto di trasporto marittimo. Note sulla paramount clause
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