4 research outputs found
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI OUT PUT SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO TAHUN 1998 – 2005
No full textDalam penelitian ini penulis mengambil judul “FAKTOR-FAKTOR
YANG MEMPENGARUHI OUTPUT SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI
KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO TAHUN 1998-2005.” Penelitian ini merupakan
penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data urut
waktu ( time series ) mulai tahun 1998 -2005.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor output (OP)
dengan faktor-faktor produksi luas lahan (LH), benih (BN), pupuk (PS) di
kabupaten Sukoharjo. Sehubungan dengan itu dibuat hipotesis bahwa diduga
faktor -faktor produksi mempunyai hubungan kausalitas dengan output pertanian.
Alat analisis yang digunak an dalam penelitian ini adalah ECM (Error
Correction Model) dimana terdiri dari variabel output (OP) dan variabel faktor-
faktor produksi luas lahan (LH), benih (BN), pupuk (PK), pestisida (PS) di
kabupaten Sukoharjo.
Dari hasil analisis tersebut dinyatakan bahwa variabel output (uji DF)
tidak stasioner karena nilai Dickey Fuller Statistic -1,81694 lebih kecil dari nilai
Mackinnon Critical Value -3,5796, pada (uji ADF) tidak stasioner karena nilai
variabel benih (uji DF) tidak stasioner karena nilai Dickey F uller Statistic -
3,164593 lebih kecil dari nilai Mackinnon Critical Value -3,5796, variabel benih
(uji DF) tidak stasioner karena nilai Dickey Fuller Statistic -1,778696 lebih kecil
dari nilai Mackinnon Critical Value -2,9591, (uji ADF) stasioner terletak pada lag
O model 2 pada a = 5%, variabel luas lahan (uji DF) tidak stasioner karena nilai
Dickey Fuller Statistic -2,453881 lebih kecil dari nilai Mackinnon Critical Value
-3,5614, pada (uji ADF) tidak stasioner nilai Dickey F uller Statistic -1,848560
lebih kecil dari nilai Mackinnon Critical Value -3,5796, variabel pupuk (uji DF)
tidak stasioner karena nilai Dickey Fuller Statistic -1,709372 lebih kecil dari nilai
Mackinnon Critical Value -2,9591, pada (uji ADF) stasioner terletak pada lag O
model 2 pada a = 5%, variabel pestisida (uji DF) tidak stasioner karena nilai
Dickey Fuller Statistic -2,932948 lebih kecil dari nilai Mackinnon Critical Value
-3,5614, pada (uji ADF) tidak stasioner nilai Dickey Fuller Statistic -3,119598
lebih kecil dari nilai Mackinnon Critical Value
8
No full textAdditional Locals
February to—
1 atr-tited. aatvhnhty wllh xwe+Otmtd
! Regular Spring Boxing
Tourney Staged at
Stanford
ere jess * thntdwr etons . be-
i a"*aad 10 o'cbtrk last rvenlajt;
flattie* ot lightning were sees sstU
afler nUiInsrlit. HU* rare ocean-*.
ro»rf in tl.K psrt of Cslifof-als. Ttte
r-tststee of tbe storm wa* off tlie Ore*
K .a roast till* nt-i-mlae. atitl.h will
Put Work Is Result of Evening** Workout at University
Gymnasium.
The regular spring boxlajt tourney was staged Monday ev*nlng at
Stanford gymnasium aad con-
Local Cwvgrsgstio-itlisl
Sides With Doctor
Aked
Sss Jess ts Protest
Against Increase of
Rites
D. A. Curry Comment*, on Thr-o- Garden City to Join Palo Alto in
logical Controversy in City Action to Prevent Proponed
Church Federation. Action of Railway.
Febrvaty Sequoia of
Unusual Excellence
Mrs. Louise Culver of Thin City
Is ContrUnitor to Stanford
Publicetion-
The Stsaford Sen nols/T****st tract -
Inn murli attention tf.tli tn- Palo
D. A. Curry was an Interested; At a meeting of th* San Josalxlto aad on tbe csmpus. Tb* num-
;--* iter and listener at the Ssn. hamber of eommerce held Isst even- hsr Is uansnslly fertile la sa srrsy
Krnnrlsco ehurch federation meet* \ inn In thst city the communication of lltersry escellencs, sod main-
c-u-*e t-ittatiniitHi mi-Mil led ****f*****., j^*-, f ^^ th|rtv or more roUDri8; ,„„ wtl-n Doctor AJtsd'S r*-*i«naUo"n7r*-<i'm tbe state railroad rommlsslonl ta:na, th* high standard set by Isst
\e»*y heavy MOW fell In Rt. I*duI*
last night, t *
Tetnpeeatsre y*a**te*-d*y, rVhrwary
"18: SlaslniumOat <n yesr turo iMf.
mint nm ni *>'*! U year af '■'')■
'sbst-rvsthm* at 2 p. nt. taoday:
Thi-mt"it.t-ier .*U ttegrr-*--.. l»-tri>mrtt*r
Stw.AA inche*. hytnt'm-*t--*f 01 l»*e
cent, weotliee ruin, wind south.
It-aiufsl*. iu.-nty-r<.ur husr* to 2
p, nt. tuday, ..IS ot aa Imrt; a-r*****-a,
Ift.Sf Inrhe*. a.
lUinfitii IO this itete test year,
•Vi**.*-. Inch*-*,
of good sport. Chami»lon*hl[is were'it* '[.resident was heard and not ac-' regarding the rate case i.f,.the Pen-; semester's paper. Mr*. t«eulae Cnl
de*-ldr<! *ta four divisions, namely.i-r,it.*d. and also at tbe service lass** rsllway company which will; ter „f this city la s contributor U
the leather w«lgat. li«bu waiter and j» here Doctor Aked stated hi* viewr*,-** heard oa tbe 27lh Inst was readjtbe issue snd her poem. "Doris." I
mlildieweinlil classes. Each bout 1 tliat hate since caiiM-d, a 'hurricane--**' 'he chamber's secretary. J., T.i will no doubt find many readers in
culled tor three two-minute rounds) in it detnltasse" as Aked himself de-! Hrook*. After discussion of Hie ..„-,, *.*.._, who wilt rememher the
•d action with a two-minute rest J scribe* it By request Mr. Curry' n.atter oa th* motion -.f D ?-• tor :_t_ Doris culver, tn whose mem-
between each round. (ha* written down BOOS ot h'.e per-1 HuIIUt. the president Sll author!*-1 ory a- u written.
" lu the ten ther weight division j ional observation* «nd im|ire*sIon*} oi to appoint a committee to con-. *-*he poem Is of such excellence
"Shorty" Ron showed hi* claa*!from the controversy. He says: \tat with the chamber of commerce; tr*at It I* produced herewith:
«v.-r !>. Kspln'ila and H. G. Adams, j Tltt* Tt..*-a!-.|*l.*l Trmpa-i. [of the towns interested in regard toi DORIS
Bona Sbosrsd to good advantan* <n| "The thtsotoKlcsl tempest that hat having s strong delegation at tbe'o**ir old glad day* b*unt th**e ar-
ench boat, using liis strength hehinil i tHken th* place t.f other storms hearing of tbe raae to protest] cade*,
hi* |
. .
M*s*--R
]-wt«t- Sate
Crnndell of thin city
Saturday for ttenltle.
Frank .Chaff**** left tor
in Pasndenn a tew dny* ago.
^*»K * • •
A. N. Smith will leave Friday for
lot Angele* tn attend th*t aiilomt>-
bfle rsti-H at Santa Monica.
• * *
Mlsa Anns Wood left for her
htmie ln thtt* l»i*-g« ytisterdny morn-
nehas when pressed. It- **.< *l
* I stepped xway from bin rivals j to
In i:.ri- lightweight fleld. though In
Imlli of lil* iinuts he wn* clonely
: -tressed for honor*. HI* first op-
_. a. imnant <*** Dontivan lllnt. and the
his home '
the tlntt or Kt-tiruary I* likely
ntinue.' I would like to see It
Mr*. K. It. Hoot iff I today for:
Xao* Angele* tu bo gone fur eoraoi
time.
•.*'.* •* '
Miss I.ucy Cornell lelt tor Ut*.,
Annelrs Monday t« he goue'some'
time.
• • •
Perry K. Wehsttr t>r Ilerkeley;
sitent the nanlinnil with trlendn on
the naniptU and In 1'nlo Alto.
C W. flowen or l-asadena spSWI
a few days visiting I'alo Alto and
Stanford during tha week.
'Ned llarrtild registered nt the Ho-j;
tel l-arkln from Frultval* over th*i
weekend.
. . .
J. %**, Wither* s|i*nt the weekend.
In this rlty and ha* returned to lij*'
homo In Oakland.
* • •
Frsuk K. nut/man ot Ssn Fran-{
elsco sitent Monday visiting P*lo|
Alto and Stanrord.
• t, •
Mr. and Mrs. Frank It. Martlnle)
or Haywood were visitor* In I'alo
Alto with rrlends ever the weekend
J. M Nltas will -leave today .lor
Portland. Oijp.. on the Simula Utn*
lted. \a*9
a a »
Robert D. I*srk* ot Ut* Angele*.
wss a visitor In town during the
week nnd lins returned lo'hls home
In the southern elty.
l*en-(* A- Tier Is attending n
Bible School or Method* at the
Christian Cbtircb in San Joan thi*.
week.
Mra. 1.. n. Hal<1 win will Is
for Sslem. Ore., in a few day*.
ter having visited In I'alo Alto tor
some time.
sss
B. B. I Jim ber t will leave tor tl
Angele* In s few days to witness
the Vsnderbllt cup races to be held
at Santa Monica.
J. II. dans or liaXe/sfleld rame
up from the oilfield* to apend a few
days with rrlends In this rtly during tbe week.
0. T. ninns will leave ror New
Orleans Sundxy. He expects to
atop over In Lo* Angeles before go-
log oo to the guir city.
* • •
Charles Uurtheull or Oakland
spent a tew daya with rrlends in
Palo Alto during the weekend and
haa returned to Ms home.
sir*. Robert Reynolds hs* issued
cards tor a tea to be given at her
home on University avenue Friday
afternoon. , \
• e e
Ura. Henry p. oray entertained n
number of young people *t a blrth-
dsy party Monday afternooa la honor of her daughter, alias Dorothy
Gray, at her home oo Lincoln avenue. '
s • e
Tbe last card party given by the
I-juties' Auxiliary of Rt. Thorns*
Church before the Lenten sesxon
will be held tomorrow evening in
Remon* Hsll. Tbs sdmisslon of sr,
cents will entitle any cardplayer to
aa enjoyable game of card*, refreshment* snd a chsnee to wlo one
of the prises offered for falgh
UhhI wllh blm In the
tin it 1-* whs Orenvlllo-lloward.
The best bout .if Hit* evening wa*
furnl»he(| hy th* toniestanU for
the .welterweight title. Both htttm
In tltl* event punched <:leunly und
It was unit In th* lust round that
yV II. Rtt-'kni'tn aa* declared the
winner over hi* opponent, L S. Ar*
Kail Hoik limit smptoyetl n slriiigbt
left l-.#l IV.t. bothered Art-all when
the latter tried to work st ch*M*
ruiige. In the middleweight dl
vision 1|. F. West wh* deelnreil winner In tb* finals over ll. WhenMey
Itolh lioy* set up s test pare in
their performance, sud It was only
lu an extra round of wilng .hut
West Showed Ms superiority. Wln-
| ner* in eath event are to It* prt-
\ seuted wltb finlilt-muttc gold n.'-l
His. The bOOtS wer.e Staged umler
the direction t.r W. II. Maloney.
boiing instrtirlcir al the uiilver*lt>.
D. A. Curry.
"1 never
knew till I got ii ear."
itttl Btsfcoi
KiRbtiy. "that profnntty
ava* mi ant
retiifl> pievatetit.'* "Ihi
mh of ll on the road?''
Why." sal
t the bishop, "nearly
•vsrybody
1 bump into -.wears
V Cleveland Plain
dieadfolly,'
imaler.
■».
*- —
Willie
•aivv Why wa* Aditlii eri-
i.ted first
l'u« To giog him a
■ b.tnee t.i say taoiiiftliliii*. my son
Cincjnnntl Kmiiiirer
ago ****** ■ *.*.*.* s *.%*>.* ifimt
ProfesMtr Kilgnr K; Hobliison o*
ihe Stanford history department is
this week giving the tlm of N series
■ ■f ten lecture* on "American. California." Yesterday's lecture was on
"I'hyKtograpby und Kettrly Inhabl-
lantr." and tomorrow "American
Inlerest* In S|tanl*h California" will
bn discussed. This course 1* given
in room -21 at IwMt o'clot-k.
Ittrrn. In X
TliompiMm of
p. in. Tuesday
r. aod Mr*. \V. B
alo Alto, at tl:**t
February Ifi, 1914,
**The choir of St. Thomas Church
tmlertatned last evenlo-j at w dance
«tven in Itsmona Hall. The evening wa* very i*njuyalily r-pent, niunlc
:md rt-rresliuieut* adding to It* com-
pleteness,
Fred Wtst. suffering from temporal-*.- iiih.nr:*>.' escatted last night
from hi* nursesi and wandered about
the street* for an hour before belnc
taken into custody by Chief of Police- Xoble. rpon capture he wa*
returned In the hospital and today
«a* transferred to Saa Francisco.
The delayed Valentine number of
Chspple will appear on tbe qusd tomorrow and will contain some very
strikles; cute and the usual high
quality of humorous quips itntl
Joshes,
• a •
Wallace McKalg I* out again, after baring been detained nt hi*
home for *ome time. He expects to
resnme bis work In San l-'Tant-tseo
soon. He bss been employed with
the Ellery Arms Company.
..**.*
Miss Delia Wlather, wbo hss Iteen
a nurse at the Peninsula hospital
for some time, will leave In a few
days for Portland. .She will travel
through Canada berorw- leaving for
In Co|tenbagen.Sweden.
The members of the Thespian
Club of the high school held their
regular meeting at the school tbl*
afternoon.
D- P.elllebens, who has Iteen assistant baggage man at the South-
-rn Pacific depot; has tsken Walter
i'i-ni nine until nil the small -caliber
i>p|Hi*)tlon to ten tor Aked <- position.
at Ihe bead t.f tbe Bttn Franrisco
rtuiH-ii federation, have becoms tol-
prnnt or depart in penes;
"When Dtatdor Aked *t-ited hit.
own view* on the vlrg'n birth ol
Phrlst, thmUftb sheer igii'iraiice the
opIMiHlriuii round fit ii It with blm for
his tionWl'ef In the hnjiim-iilale
■ ..ti. notion 4 ■* holly different doc-
trlna and nne with whith Protest-
aiitbm ti.ii no t-.iticej-n.
"The executive nominating rom-
m 11 lee teft|*t>d to accept Doctor
Aki'd'x rsslKnatlon. Then oi
vote nf the nenenil .oitttnlltee '
*u*-talne<l Py a rote of 7*. to l*t
"The (iptH_3Si*tton, when asked
itpi-eitr before the executive com*
mlttee. refused to appear. Dot'
Aked offered nls resignation, ns
said he wittild. but both the *ie-
tlve and general roltimlttees of 1
tl.iititi tMleratlon refused lu allow
him to resisn.
* 'Ureal is the pity 4hat Doctor
Aked. a lender In the forefront t
every relorni agitated In Californ:
*nd 4 tunn who wsa present tn the
ttrt-t iiiet'tliiR ever held In Ibe
lt!rent or church federation. e»B
lie ..:'-.**.■<I i*eacefull.v to prt-slde
nver * body organised to flgbt -ia
-ni.I not to tpillihle over metS|tli)M-
ritl bairsiilltttnK. However. Doctor
Aked Is capable of taking rare
hts statement*, whether In the rea
or theology, philosophy, history
literature
"By the way. would tt not be welt
to stand with Christ hlmrtW and all
Ihe writer* of the New Testament
wbo'ignore the mailer rather il-.t
than with Matthew and Luke, wh
each have contradictory statements
for nnd nnulust the virgin birth.
Nothing ran be more prejudicial in
truth than to try to torre a* truth
that whlrh 1* not true on the ground
Hint to let go n su|ier*lltion would
overthrow the whole system.
"The greatest trouble with a
great many Protestant* is their
claim* of the Infallibility of tb*
*»*r*pture*. and e*t«-t*i*tly the part
they rhoo** to accept a* infallible
"The councils of the ancient
church. Ihe ereed* of the middle
age*, nor even the newest .creeds of
the Congregations! Church can
have nlmolute authority over the
Individual. The creed maters^nf
the past had no more right to bind
my ronaeience than colonial lawmakers bsd a right to make law*
for California Irrigation, ' or for
wster right* after the Introduction
of bydro-eleelrie power plant*. Let
Doctor Aked think bis thoughts,
and be tolerated. Thl* ia the right
of every. tMnk'n-; nra or woman In
the tweatlet't iTSttHT."
as-nlnst the proposed action by thej-n*.-.,- uugh along the colonade*
railway. No word hs* been recelv-; Tb#v do ttol know, they cannot
ed from Lo* Catos but It I* eipected j guess
ihat city will tnjtn action slml-i-rfce achlnn moaths of loneliness—
1ST to that of this c*tty and San Jose.
• j t Almost I hesr your voice snd
Vaccinate For Typhoid Is Mm,,,.,,, ,M«r n.»n
.. la tt la tha lark', attna-*aat th. t«n*
UOCtOrS Latest J v.,,,. ..uil..-., >....r :.-.-l mada
Advice
_______ j Vet since you held this plare ao
Once for Smallpox. Again for a>'ir*
Fever. Take Antitoxin for , ******* *AA*d ******* ******** **■**
Diphtheria. Voors I* n part «f what shall be
| It* uie*s*a**e to futurity.
Here are full details «t a ttOwj ■»**♦« ** **•* * *s *****s e * * * » »■>->■
lao^tnnUon scheme, by which the Hying bacilli, become Vyphold «a
hiitna.n body i* inoonlntsd with.*-,-■,. That I* to say. though ihey
laphoid -CaclIU "to prevent typhoid worn not themselve*
t*-ier. The bulletin I* put tt
Mlu- Fnlversily of California d'
rtd declare* death toll or fit*
re<| lives u year enn be save*
'.tl'fornla alone. Head lt.
' Five hundred needless death*
oired In ('dllfornla 1.1*1 year f
"Do you understand what you are
to swear* to?" asked the court a< *
not over-'ntelltgcnt-Iooking negro
took the witness aland. "Yesssh.
Ah doe*- Ah'm to saeah lo •■!, de
truf." "Ves," asld tbe Ju.'e--
>* li.ti will happen If you do I
t by
ing from the dl*-e»-e. a* it i-ccur*
tor*
in man. nil harbored living typhoid
Itun-
liailltl In Ihelr gall-bladders Hut
In the rabbit* *sh_*hh»d .been vac
atet) wltb the •ni^tve.Tvrmeth*id had
reached ton*It a high flage of I
niiinltyr thnt in three-fourth of tin
t.pliold. The lints boeril tif health it ha.l b****n . imposatble ror the
intend* to stop that extravagant ph old-bar I 111 Injected to remain all
wants of life. *o fron March 1 It Will, und these*r*bb!U were nlready wltli-
«ttpply free, from it* "Sfnte llyglenle out trace of trie typhoid
laboratory** at the I'nlverslty of 'Further . eiperlmrnta with the
I'ltUfornta. frolesstir F I*, tlay's lm- *kln te»t for immunity against ty*
proved vnci-Ine. that mnkes It pr*ctl- phold reeently discovered by 1'rof,
rally impoaalbt*. lo have typhoid. Day and 1'rof 3 N Force of ih-sfjshoit
Itevacelnatlon everv two igt three lieparttneiil ol Hygiene of the I'nl-
\i*sr« will lie urged, for thl* simple verstty of California have demon*tra-
prei-nutlt-n mean* safely from the t-a.* the secOM*** ol tbl* test as to
firend disease If the public will whether a man I* proM BgaiUl th*
respond to ihi* -crest opportunity, dlsesse. The test showed, for es-
then five hundred lives * year can ample, tbat two men yfno had *-u"f-
be saved In California nlone fered from lyphold thirty-five nnd
"Ahv ;■!.■..!■:,ui In California who forty-.m* year* ago. respectively.
wants to aid tn this great Hfe-sav- -acre *tfll Immune. For penroM va-
'..- inovemeiit can olitsln thl* antl- i tnated sever* 1 year*, ago BfnlttSt ty-
Itpholtl vRi-cine free by writing to phold 1* nliowed that Immunity still
the Stale MygienU- lubonitory. at the t-ontinue*. while for other* li proved
I'nlverslty tif California. Berkeley thst the Immunity bsd le**ened snd
For a nonbet of mtrnthS past the that revaeeloatlon «a- desirable.
Depnrtinenl tif 1"mIIhi1ok> of the This consist* of rubbing on two
I'nlverslty hns been *endlng the va- Mkln-scralche* on Ihe arm a solu-
rlae free to any phvslctan who aaked tlon or dead typhoid bacilli and ot
for it. Professor day w*nt*d to control solution. rentectively.
make hi* Improved process of antl- reddening nnd hardening appeiirs oil
tvphoid vaccination absolutely public the spot hubbeil with typholdln." If
proj-erty. «o he hns now turned the there**!* ' immunity against typhoid.
Whole matter «ver to the stale while absence of tht* reddenlnc
board of heittib. nml from March lisbows that the immunity ha* never
on the vaccine will lie preparetl and been estehlt-thed or had run
ksned free by the State Hygienic jt'nee sit the areat nation* new
Laboratory, under the dlreilion of: duals all their soldier* and sailor*
Dr Wilbur A. Sawyer. j against typhoid, this new test
"Thousand* of people have now likely to be of great practical u*e-
hagm Ininmniied aga!n*t typhoid by ■■-:,„.. m determining when revac
tbl* new method, elaborated In the elnatlon sbnll be applied In the
University's bacteriological inborn- world's armies and navies.
torletTby |>rnfe«-wir Oay and Dr. 'Thl* work of the I'nlverslty
Kdlth 3. Clayttot.le Among these Calirornla In glvlac the world new
are over IJflO BtndentS of the I'nl- weapons against typhoid Is part ol
verslly. and the whole staff of a us great activities in the fleld ol
number or hospital*. Many county the medical science*. The I'nlver.
health officer*, army medlrsl omcl»l*(slty'* varied work In medicine has
hends or ln*titut!on*. ami practicing Just received a sirong Imitetm
physclan* have obtained and used through lhe sift by vieritiii* gener-
the vaccine. Already ample experl-ous rrlends or |St %.::,'i to build a
enre hss shows the superiority ol the new teaching hospital on Farnassu*
new method. Dr. Osy's Is s 'sen- avenue. San Frarrctsro. for the niedl*
slllsed vnctlne," In It* preparation cal department. And !>ir*. Hoop-
Ihe bacilli which cause typhoid are er'* splendid gift of redwood timber
treated nn immune serum, kilted, '.and Worth over a million dollars
ground Inrinitesimally small In an ha* now made available $50,000 a
agate mortar, and merely ihe.sedl- year ror the support r lhe ('.eorge
menl nsed By this new method Williams Hooper School of 'Medical
the hesdsrhe snd nsuses which re- Ite*e*rch. All this Income Is to be
suited rrom earlier methods or antl- sent on investigation* to discover
typhoid vaccination have been etlm- way* to put an end to dinease.
tnlnated. Another advantage of the "-It I* within maa'* power to ban-
new method i* thst the three in- tsh Infectious disease from the
jertlona are made at intervals of two' world. The scientific men oT the
Instead of ten days, it hss now i'nlverslty of Csllfornla are fighting
been established by skin teste that'In the rorefroat of the worldwide
Immunity Is fully established within battle*'against man's most sncleat
about * month after the vaccination and most dreaded enemies —the or-
has beea performed. gnnlsms which cause disease."
"That l*rofe«sor Gsy's method I* L ,
a better protection .against typhoid *-..Th-(t _orf)(. _..„„ hll brok,h
than tbe old ha* now been shown by
Fise Ssscioss ef
Upholsterer's Art Shown
Studio ol Richard Brasor Attracts Attention of Importers of Furniture. j
An escsptlonst sreeloiea of tbe
upholsterer's srt Is betes built by
Klrbard Hrasor at the Palo Alto
rpbolsterlog works. ■'■'X Emersoa
street It is a masterpiece In faaad-
;i .. !.- furniture, a line In **': '■■
Palo Atto seems destined to become
'.!.;.;- Th.t psrtlcular pl<ece Is S
'.«•.'■ soCn brsOt to fit s (irrulsr parlor wtsdbw The rrsuie wa* cut at
Dudfletd'-. erected by Rrasor's cabinet maker, and all th* upholsterine-
and noeafttg * being done by e\-
jaert* under Mr. firasor's personal
direction. The utmost skill Is re-
t'ulred. fir*t In the building of the
frame then in adJuMtnt the hair
fllilng snd rough covering, sud
*ln"t!y In drawing the t;ipe-tr> c.,v-
erlng |>TopSsi] Into plare. Such a
plet* cannot be ronslructed by lead-
in* San Franelsco furniture com-
;-.::'- for less than 1 ■' " It. will
go Into one of the comfortable
homes on I'nlverslty avenue.
Mr. Urn.in - extraordinary abliltT
in this line has received recognition
In aaother direction One of the
••eli-to-do fsmllle* near. Menlo ***T*
recently fought furniture for the.
new home and had It *hipped from
Paris, where the mr*»t elegant furniture In tbe *orld I* produced.
Sone of it i* covered, the tapestry
be.ng too valuable to ttMst t.. an-' .
stilt of pa-VInc for *ueh a long voyage Mr Ilrasor has taken lhe con-
irrtct to .titer th.* furniture. He I?
regarded bv the owner a* better
qualified to deliver each piece In
•terfect condition than any iiptioi- '
Mterer lu Sutl Franrisco.
Hi,.-. • ■ plant I* gradually ^la-
ireatln* In extent He I-erMO bu*i-
ne-* In the back yard of hi* recl-
denee a little mure than a year nso.
Flndina hi*' need* too great for
such quarter* he moved into a vacant rotten* at 93*1 Kmerstin and
fitted up two room* (or his work.
Slnre then two olher rooms have
Iteen thrown into lhe main workroom, doubling It* site' a en bluet
has been added in the re-tr.
and the front porch has been extended to the street and a rough
factory front erected to enclose a
showro.ut for antique furniture, of
whlrh Mr Drasor has made a specialty, la addition .to these features Mr. Drasor ha* an Ingenious
eariiet-beatlng machine In an adjoining compartment tbat eradicates
e
The Log Vol. 16 No. 01 (1933)
No full textBetween 1914 and the late 1960s, the Champion Fibre Company published an internal newsletter, called The Log, to share news about the Canton mill, the community, and its employees. After 1940, news from the entire “Champion Family,” which included mills in Hamilton, Ohio; Houston, Texas and Sandersville, Georgia, was featured in each issue.• •
ft'EBRUARY, 1933 l'"O. l
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TJ & P .. ~PER FOR TRI~ MAGAZINE IS MADE IN OUR PLANT OUT OF WOOD FROM THE FOREST OF
- ORTH CA:ROLL~A. WE M.t\NUFACTURE MANY GRADES OF BLEACHED SULPID'fE PAPERS,
1\!l4.~CHINE FINISH, AND SUPER-CALENDERED.
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t . I• ~rg:e Was.h:ngton ..... . ... 4
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eness
DLENESS is the badge of tl1e gentry, the
bane of body and mind, the nurse of
naughtiness, the step-mother of discipline, tlte • I
chief author of all mischief, one of the seven
deadly sins, the cushion upon 'vhich tlte devil
chiefly reposes, and a great cause not OJtly of
melancholy, but of Jnany other diseases; for the
mind is naturally active, and if it is not occupied
about some honest busine s, it rushes into nlischief
or sinks into melancholy. Il.. Burton.
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... BOUT ORTH C ROLJNA
H.v. RobPr't \V. Griffith
Th econotnic hi torv f torth Car-tolina is a h istorv ' ~
of ons r ~ut isn1 . In "Olonial tilne and for ffi(:UlY year~
lat er .:. orth C~ " l n th t i ndu ~trial
pla nts ha b . n .. {Jl"'f·ad ( ., r the~ t ~ h t;:itt· l ather
than r;nr .. · u raCiug- in aeJ·tf: ita r 1 . Th .. 1' . uU i::; that
j) J};HJ)ation i ~ flC t "tJOg'l'• rat c1 "t i t• g t•c up:,. in tll ~
---~ -...,._ __. .,......_..__ .
state and the1·e are no large cities "~ ith their prohle
in North Carobna.
It is important to ob~erve too th.at the population t
this state i ~ American in its truest sen!{e jn that the
number of fore,ign born is only about onP pe1· cent of
the population.
In tin1es of indus tJ·ial depression s uch as occurs at
the present tinte the problem of unen1ploymP,nt i "" not
concentrated in large communities 'vith the con~eq uen t
suffering but because the indus trial plant:'\ are scattered
throughout the state the people en1plcJyed in industry
are enabled to liveu nrler much better condition.sthan
their fello\V vtorkers jn the large cities.
Governor Gardn e1~ in ponsoring and advocating the
"Live at Home'' movement in North Car01ina started
a decidedly constructive movement \vhieh ..:hould be
carried on enthusiastically. The rai---ing of garden produce
for family consumption is a n1o t valuable I'esource
in times of depression and should be encouraged
by all industrial v.-orkers. '"fhis living off the soil is a
return to the best tradition of the old ... ·orth State, and
contributes to a feeling of independence and security.
Since so much of the prospe1·ity of North Carolina
was derived from the export of its s urplus crops, particularly
of cotton and tobacco, the continued maintenance
of this prosperity is dependent on the foreign
markets.
When so many· fo~~eign cut·rencies \\·ent off the gold
basis, the Export lVIarket of all American comn1od ities
was seriously disrupted and brought almost to a standstill.
Prires of North Cat·olina prod acts dropped vd th
the prices of commodities in the world's market . The
connection bet\veen p1·ices and currencie in relation to
the gold standard is too cotnplicated to discu,.. here but
it is obvious that a very close r elation exi "'ts w·hich a ffects
business very seriously. In n1atters relating to
currency North Carolina of cour~e can do nothing except
to impress upon its repres ntative and senator s
at \Vashington that this state is vitally interesterl in a
return to norn1al conditions in \rorld trade. not only
\\·ith r eference to goods expot·ted fron1 t his c1untrv but ~
also to goods imported \\?hich compete so serious]~
\\'ith many commoditje:s that are produc ... d in .1. Torth
Carolina.
The in1n1ediate outlook fnr busines~ in North Caro-lina
is not as di~tressing as it n1ight be 'iYithout the
backing of an intelligent public opinion \vhich b"· rea- •
son of il natural (.;onservat.isn1 is not easilY influenct'd
bkw quack rentedie .
r'unrltunenbtlly nll 'vca.lth cntnes f1·om t he .. il and
,, hu. ( sutT red fit) casta::;trophe such as 1lot1ds or. fanline
or pestil~ncPs '\ hich has interfer i) l with ot int
rruptPd the gent rons bounty of nature.
Our present diffieulties nu1y ut: traced tn th •
\Var and it~ aftermath of di~ turbance of econon1ie
THE LOG 3
MISS LILLJA-"1 GE..."l EVA HYA'l'T
Da11ghter of Mr. and M rs. U. K. Hya tt
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ditions thl'ougnout the 'vorldo The consequence is that
conllllodit~r vah1e:s hav:~..: been aln1ost entirely wiped out
and eve·n th~ vaJue of moneY has ueen thrldatened with ~
extinction. OuT prE!sent need j~ f.or a natioual leader -
ship, suppl')rted by an enlightened national public opinion1
which can take eounae1 with the other great nation
and de v·ise a formula which will penni t international
cooperation in re:-:toring U1~ ehannels of con1-
merce and the well being of the nations.
To organize public opinion in. the l:nited States is a
tremendou..c;; }Jut not an in1possible undertaking. Tn the
C(l,WJcil of t:his oolion ii mav be asserted with conn- •
dence that the tate of N0rth CarV{Ot 'd vuzzle~ and Torn Th Ulrth C()lf,
U eh llOCt;H'.\ is n pasRi ng fad ' ·ith n nt,!w n ~ m e
and iL i :· rwl th(.)l' new or true. I f rnttchineyy jq
C<tusing lhc rlownf(lll of our civllization, :r ~ t0,.hnoc1·at~ \
says, t h.€-n civil iz:' lio-n would long ago have c:ollapfoied.
J~ver since the fi•·~t wheel was invcnLNl G/){JO year~ ago
n1achines and ~-clentifl · inventi{)ns have tontl' ibuted lr>
the advancement of civilizn Lion, <"mnfrJ.v-mentl and ~tandaPds
of Uving. 'T'he techno·crats .see on l,v the (Ji~placement
of men by machines. They ignore entirely the
ereatiou of new industries ami the expa·nsion of old
ones through machinery, vrhich has provided more jobs
than before. What this country needs js not teehnocl
·aey but greater power oi ma1·keling. Under-c:ons
umption. not <'·ver-prodnction. is the trouule today . \Ve
rt1us-t build np increased purchasing power both at
home and abroad.
Maehil)es not To Blatne for Great Unemployment
Tf l1e\\' machincl'y, while displacing workers, had not
created 11e~' opportunities in the san1e or other industtLies,
at least two-thirds of our people woul(l, have been
out of work long befo1·e the present depression started.
As a n1atte1' of fact. not over 2,000,000 w~re unemployed
h1 1930 and of this numbel' less than 100,000 \-vere
urten1ployed f1·o1n causes t hat could possibly be connected
with new na.achines. The 1·eason we have 11 ,-
000,000 unemployed today is not beeause of tnachjnery.
bot because, 1n the boon1 of 1926-29, we n1ortgaged our
future incomes, h1dulged in speculative excesses, and
at. the same time, by a policy of isolatjon and ex.horbjtant
tariffs, we cut off our world mat~k ets. It is foo lish
to taJk about ove1·-production, with one-third of our
O\Vll population in need of the bare necessitie, of life,
and 500,000,000 in Em·ope, India. and China potential
customeTs fo.r all the goods that all the n1achines in
U\e world could produce."
Just Old Friends
He: l've sort of a feeling l 've danced with you before
somewhere.
She: So have L T'h ~ pressure of .\·our f(10t seen1s .
familia>·.--The I1un1ot~ ist.
(t f want a half dozen engagen1ent ring , assol'ted
. - " su~es-. •
J e\velle1·-1(011e is t1sua1ly enoug·h at a tin)e, s ir."
Yonng Marl " l know, but rn1 going dt"lwn to th·'
seasid<' for a eounle of weeks."
----.....:...-.- - -·
flumiHty u:-;es po'Vt~Pt a~ a tool to accon1ph l" nnd
c'.on~tntct. An·bgancr.\ us~ pcr\vet· as a we<l pon to breu k
rln\\n and rlootr)7.-·-Young T'eople.
THE L >
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.. . • • • .. .. 'Ill . .' . . . --.. - -. .. .. . ... . -,. . . .·.- ----::. .. ... . . ... - ....... . - .. ' 'Ill • • • _ .. :::-· ·
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GEORGE WA HINGTON
~rn Feb. 22, 1732
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Editor' .. . 'r,te : C~t,rge ' Vashi ng ton, who ho ld the loftiest place io
tht: 'eu nuion of hi:> <·oumrymen, r~ce in~d from the Congres of the
r nit.Pd tat(! on J une 1 ~. 1775 J hi!J commission a!:-- Commander-in-Chief
of t be ;u my. Ou the ~ame day h ~ 'note the follCJwing letter to his
~ · i fe :
Philadelphia ~une 18, 1775
. 1y D are,... t :
I <tm TJO'v set down to \Vl·ite you on a subject which
fill n1e \vith in x r ~s ible c·unc l'J l , and this concE>-t~ h;
g f...at o' a~,.gl ·· vated and inf;J cas d, wheu J rcrl ct uvon
th unf a in r~~. .· ... J I' Jlf w i will v, ive you. lt has b n de..
rniJ1 d in ,~ongres , t hat t h(:l \vhol ~ ~u1uy 1·ais d for·
t 't '"' 1 f•~n of f h J\n1 ri <An ,au ·e . haJJ h put unci r
lY care, aud thai i1 is 1 ( · . :r. ~.v f,. ,c tn if prtrP "'Cl iJn-t
• ·diat Jy tc 1 h). o lt t/J a • pon 11 1 the <·out trliUtd Jf
• l .
' (,u rnay bc..,ll• c n•• tt l ' clt)itl" P tsy, '\ h n I {] . ' Ur,,.
~r : . in t liP 111h ·t <1lt arll J l.:J Ht v J , ih.t, <' fe:tl' ftont t-t ttl·ill~""
f ! j • al)J CJIJd t ) f •td .• ) }H Vt USr .. (1 f" f I"Y c•ttdt a \'( Ul' ill
1 1 1 l () \\' t • J ' to ;t IJH] i tJ Ji Ol nil) ~· T\)HI Jr)y t.U~WiJilf)~ll t\, '
lo 11; 1l \'itl • . tJU aJtl ht f:11 nil ', hu t t ont ; e<,., ·i<•U f:
l t,f Jt.-) )jc ·ing •;t. tl·u.t tuu 1' ' t f· ,. n } •. 1 l ' \ ; nd
that J Mlrt,uld nj oy n t l al },, Pl ll · iu 11 lllvhth
with yt,tl t:tt bo r c , l1:1 • I l 1 tli ·t Fllti pros-pl
· t fJ f fu H J j u g H u tf ,u ~ , 1 r 1 · t n
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·-"'-
SAL'' AGE MATERIAL lJ ED D Rl.. T • 0_ TH 0
DECEMBER. 1932
Salvage last n1onth fell eon iderabl.- be1o v n n nal
fol' reason of the reduced con truction i: nd nlaintenance.
Total figure "ra~ 1,,240. 5, divid d as follo\ ·s:
W el 1s ..... _... ... ... _- -- ... -.... --...... -.. -----. -.•. --....... ----.... ---.-........ -- ... --.... - .. · .. ··
H ild eb1·and ......... _____ .... _ ... ____ . _____ --·-........... __ ... _ . __.. . -.... --. ______.
Ben Fisher ____ ................. --..... - .. -------·-·-- - -----·- -·----···-- ..
Theo. lien _ --··--···--·--···· ·- ............. - ... .. ..... _______ .. -·~-- -· ---..
F. n1atl1 1· .................... ________ ,... ______ ...... ___ .. ·--·- •. - ....... - ..... .
B. M. Stame,· ..... _ ...... ~--··· · . ~ --------· -_ •
Halyh urton ...... . .... ·-- . ._ ·-- .. ,._....., __ .......... . . ...._ ... , .. _. ______ _
1\1. S. Starn e), ............. _ . . . .. ... . .. .... .............. .
Reno ......... ··-··· ...... . .- . .._ ,_ ....... ··---·------.. -- ........... .. . - .... .... ...
Hooking the :ollateral
:') ()0:::..
4,;,;: . v
1 ~ 7. 9
130.2 ""
1-1.6 J
~ R.OO
69.32
67.92
66.01
t 1. ~0
J'nl . or1·y'', suid th rlinPr 'Nh£ hop d tog( t ~n,· uy
'Aith 11 . "but I ha ~n ,t an~ lUone) to t' Y f,r th 1
I . ,
t a .
"#l'hat'~ .lll right," ~a id tht• cash it~•·· ··\ r '' ll \\Tit
,vour nantt' olt tht \nil n11l ~ ou C:\n p \~ llH-' 1\ t tinte
Oll t'OIU ' ill .• ,
'· I )nn lt 'to th 1t. l~ \t rrl od\ '' lt..l • lllf':i tn viti • • •t ,, 1 •
•"' ( ) h • ll o, tlH y \\ o ll ' t
1ver it.'' Boston 'fran
Y~·ur ov .r · Lt \\ tll he han ·i
ript .
iy (h. I ' ... lr. l hHlip:- ~
Nt'w ''{nrk City
Jun. $lt h, H :{~ .
\ r ; ur r.~- fi ~ '1\PlH h:s 1 did 11 't 1 eiv<J the Log- ~111 <l
t·, \.!< h1 po~-- ibl that ,·ou had d ~cided that J hatl lind
the l'rh1il l) of ,.e ... t>h llt~ t.hi. in t fl l ~!'\ting pul>Jicntiou
1 111! n'u ~. ~ nd ~ ~ou had h en so geoe1·ou, in thi,
1 tt )r. l ~~' n •()parei to accept you r decision.
H ' ·"' t>~· . to my grent JOY, \>i'ith the beginning of t he
, ar. t . , .l ·lnua .:.'~ i :-:.ue of the Log came to n1y desk.
Tt, ·a,· gr eth1g an old fy·iend, a friend \Vho was al way ~
i· t ~ >~~r ·ng .t.h,·a , ... cheerful and helpful and never di s-tn
·acring or dull. Recei,·ing the Log again was a New
"\ -,ar·!:' )l'reeting {}·()n1 dear old Torth Cat·olina .
.. ia~ 1 thank you for again putting me on r our mail
·n~ j .... t s nd Jnay I extend to you and to the Chan1pion
~1bre ~ .. n pany ta1ni]) m:v very best wi hPs fo1· happin
~. c'\ ·ce.. ond prosperity during the year 1933.
'Very sincerely yow·s,
~I01 ICA MOORE,
T.erritor ial Supervisor .
Editor's ~-ote: ~1iss ~loore, we want to assure you
that \Our na.:n1e hat. not Leen taken from our mailing
li ·t. ~7e haYe ~n n1ailing you The Log regularly and
re r 1 ·ery nlUCh to know t hat it failed to reach YOUl'
."" ..... k. \ ·e a..re plea ed to kno\\ that you enjoy r eading
The Log. An ~'ncouragin g word from a good friend is
at p eciated. Vlhen you visit 1 ... ortl1 Carolina, \ve shall
be glad to : ee ~ron.
THE L0\\7 DOWr 0 .. -. GOLF
}'\ an 1Jyn1ous writer gives to an eagerly awaiting
· rld the foJlowiog ~port f rom the Committee on Golf
I ~etlrcl :
·{"nif i. a fur1n of ' ork made expen sive enough for
man tv .. njor it. Golr i& what letter-carrying, ditcheli
a ing and carpet-beating would ue if those t hree
t . l:ta.d t• l ,e perfotm d on the . arne afternoon in
s11ort Jla:nt"' and colo1ed socks by men who would not
Jtl en·] .aik a block to see tl· ~ Statue of LilJe t't.Y
it down.
'· J t is th~ only kno"Vi·n gam4! that a man can Jl)~y Jn
25 ;v .. a and then discover that it as too deep for
him ·n :ULe t place. Th~r~ arc 1 ~ g1· en on a golf
co ~ e ; each ~r .. n i a SJnall f'arcel of grass l'O.'ling
al out 2.67 ttl~e and u. ually placed hrtw en a brook
· ld cual unfJni h.ed excavation :-; by Jme fiend in
h f r:n , d ubU " ch i f ad jsor tu . 'a tan.
•
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• . # ,.
ABRAHAM LINCOL
Born Feb. 12, 1809
The following farewell address was delive1·ed by Lin -
coln on February 11, 1861, at Sp t'ingfiel d ~ Illinois, to a
vast audience of fellow citizens when he lefL Springfield
f or Wasla.ington to a ·sun1e the d uties of tl1e P residency.
"My f riends: No one, not in n1y sjtuaiion, can appr'eciate
my feeling of sadness ai t his pru'ling. To this
place, and the ldndne s of these p ople, I owe c\·er) thing.
Here I have lived a q uarter of u centu ry, ancl
lia vc pa ssed f l'Onl a y uung to an old nla.n. liere tn •
children h a ve bocm born, and on i\;: bul'ied. I now
leave, not knowing when or whether ever I JTI;l) 1 etut·n.
with a t ask beJ'oJ't.: tnt- grf\ater than t h ~t which l "ted
upon Washington. \Vit.ht,u t t he a s. is lanc of that Divine
Being who cv(·l· a.f tend ·d h in1, L cannot ~ucceed .
·With that assi~ta11 Cc, l C&lJU\ut fuil. Tru ·Ung in H jn1
who can go with n1e, a.nu J'>ntain \\lth ~ ou, and lJc
evet'J"W1H~ rf' fut' good, l 't u ~ cunftd nt l ~~ hope t haC all
will ~ et J H:' well. 'l'o ll i ..:ar~ (•urn m nd in ,. j ou , a...;; .l
hope in your prayers you will con tut nd n1\ ·. l l.,jt[ ) uu
a fl ectitu,a tt" hu· welL··
A woman w .ut on a prvfes. ivn· I h ung• r ~ t r il, ~nHl
twen1y !"cvtchnl n t n·ol)OS ~ to h ·. 'fhe l'~ na mt'l · t.
•
•
6 THE LOG
Wn re the Regulators were hanged, Hillsboro, N. C. White
~ ,pot. to the leh in the foreground is a stone marker.
•
BJiO LD A M() lJMEJ T BE ERECrrED TO 1'HE
ltEfj LATORS TIIA'f WERE HANGED
At Hill boro, June 19, 1771 '!
---~ Ifl·; s r;ot. \\'here lhe first Ar --rican~ ·wer e -
ecuted fJy Tryon, th ,\ l,rithsl fjovernc,r of
No.rlh CayoJinu , i.i un {nown p rhap? to nin ~ty
p ~ • C•!H l of th · JJ opl Hf th ~ Old Nvrtil ~~tat~.
'4 ef.>(! n1~n in whoae bt· t\ .~ s Wl·J· incll <l the flre of
fJ."ec orr' t,hat jJJfl :..uncd t.h An• ... r•·rul I> opl ~ and tn•
pared thPut to t~LP n .. ·.~~rlu t ;l("ti' 11 w.lu·n, Ht ~ ln.ttlt*
dalt, their- jg!JiS aJld li btrti . w J l ng~tin invad ·d p
t he J.;rjtJah, tV(·n-- l1:tng.,d ou it t.- e ll~a r· I fill tll>ul n, N
C., ,June. 1 ~' J 771 . rJ'h(l Spot, H1ark .. d y HU old tont
lal.J, broltJ~ n and in u (1Jl.-~pi•lt~tt .. tl r·, nditi<.,ta, l•uvt•rt."tl
with ws:;t>d and l,ri:l fR, h; H 'J y l'P ~u· ll<·t of b ~ 1ug
n e gJ u:~t d t.t iJd flJ r grJlt.cn . ' Phcrt· 1 J1o1 ~~~ n th(• ~t·J 1-
blanc of a path, indi · ting that traveler visit the
place cc ionally.
I•a ~lug throltgh the little tOW'U of fldt·buro a r
nv)nlhs ago, \Ve were s urpri ·ed to learn th::tt SJ ne of
the inhabit~lnt s had forgDt en the hi~toric ev:ent H,., •
that t here was a market· · ithin a few hun l·ed yar ·
of the [JJ~inei paJ str .. et of the town bearing the inscrip
tion:
"O,n this !JOt w re hanged .By order of a 'T:or J Court
June 19, 1771, J\1errell, Messer, 1atter~ Pugh and tv1o
other Regulars."
Ashe's History of • 1'orth CaroHna sa.y"s : .. Having
taken sorne prisoner:; on 1\llay 13th, Governo.t Tr:ron
ordered thal a RpecinJ term of court under the riot act
should be openeu at Hiltsbo ·o on the 8Lth of that
month, but the Govt!ruor had kept the pri..:ryne s along
\vith the al'tny \Vith the vie·v of paradin them be .. o1 e
the count1·y, and the court had been kept open a\\'ait~
ing their arrival for tria l. 'Ihe t1·ial began on June
4th, and lasted until the 18th . ~vhen ~ehe p1.i oners
were sentenced to death on the charge of high treason.
Six of these \Vere immediately executed: Benjamin
Mexrill, Robe1't 1VIatter, Jan1es Pugh, Captain l1es~er,
and two others, the names of \Vhom ai·e not kno ·n:·
We th1nk that it is a shame on the citizen of The
Old North State that a suitable n1onurr.ent has not
been erected to the memory of theve bl'ave men \Vho
we1·e an1ong the first to sacrifice their lives in order
• that these United tates might be free from Briti h
rule. Ho·wever, it is not too late, and we sincerely hope
that at an early date steps '\rill be taken to erect· a
monnn1ent that we can point to \vith pride, on the .. pot
where these Regulators " rere hanged.
The place \vhere this event took place. is on a hill
studded ·with stately elms, poplar and oaks. Within a
few feet of the spot. or perh ap~ the ~ery tree on ''"hich
these men \Ver e hanged, is an old eln1. \Vi thin t'' entyfive
feet of the n1arker is an old poplar perhap t' o or
thl7ee hundred years old, \\'h.ich no doubt \vitnessed the
grue on1e act. ide fronl the hi loric '"'€tting, it is
one of the n1o t piciure~qu e pia . s to be round. '''e
believe that these 111en d sc1'V gT ater recognition.
They gave th it lives ill h:f n ~ of lib ·t·t "; th r fore,
we kno'v no reason \Yhy· th plac \vhere this traged."
wa , enact d s1toulcl no
Faculty Participation in State-Wide Policy Formation Progress Report: Faculty Senates and Councils in The California State Colleges
No full textProgress report written for the Board of Trustees regarding faculty participation in policy formation.This collection consists of reports by or about the California State University.Reports were generated by various Chancellor’s Office divisions, committees and other entities including the state government. The reports consist of analytical, programmatic, feasibility or budgetary reports dealing with planning, administration, teaching, the functions of the university system and other subjects.r
Report to the Board of Trustees
of the California State Colleges
FACULTY PARTICIPATION IN STATE-WIDE POLICY FORMULATION
PROGRESS REPORT
FACULTY SENATES AND COUNCILS
IN THE CALIFORNIA STATE COLLEGES
By
G. A. Mccallum
Office of the Chancellor
August 1962
•
FACULTY PARTI CIPAT I ON IN STATE-WIDE POLICY FORMULATION
PROGRESS REPORT _,/
UntLl recent yea. r s , fa .cul t y participa .tion in the formula.tion of
Sta.te College policies on a. system-wide basis wa.s restricted to the
activities of faculty membership organizations ..
The first step toward esta .blishing direct pa .rticipa .tion was
ta .ken during the prepara .tion of the Ma.ster Plan for Higher Educa .tion
in ca .lifornia . ., At tha .t time Chancellor Dumke , then President of
Sa.n Franci .sco Sta .te College and a member of the masler plan survey
tea.m u sought to a.chieve broad fa .cul ty participa .tion in the development
of the plan. He visited ma.ny of the ca .mpuses in order to inform
fa .culties a.bout the concepts of the study a.s they were being developed.
Meetings of faculty representatives were a.lso ca .lled in order to assess
fa .culty opinion ..
During the course of the Master Pla.n study the Chancellor
expressed his belief in t he need for a. perma.nent statewide faculty
organization a.nd suggested t ha .t this should be high on the priority
list of policy matters to be considered by the proposed Board of
Trustees.
The first a.ction ta .ken by the Trustees to establish grea.ter
fa .cul ty pa.rticipation in policy formula .tion wa.s a. conference held
March 4, 1961, a.t Fresno State College g when fa .culty representa .tives
from each college met wi t h the Trustees . At tha .t time the Trustees
became better a.cqua .inted wi th faculty v i ewpoints and a.t their next
meeting passed the following resol~tion:
RESOLVEDI' That it is the pol i cy of the
Board of Trustees of the California .
State Colleges that a representative
faculty body be established at each
State College for the purpose of participating
in the determination of
educational and professional policy .
Faculty representatives from each college met again with Board
members a.t Fresno State College in December , 1961, for a. discussion
of the proposed personnel rules. As a. result of this meeting and of
meetings held on ea .ch ca .mpus which involved fa .cul ty members and
representa.ti ves of the Chancellor I s staff , the fa .cul ties had a.n
a.pprecia .ble influence in the development of the rules as finally
~dopted by the Board of Trustees.
In March , 1962 1 representatives of the faculties and of faculty
professional organiza.tions met at Los Angeles State College to discuss
I
.).,
-2-
with members of the Board o f Trust ees the use of a consultative
process in connecti on wit h the selection of a new Chancellor~
Subsequently the chairman o f t he Trust ees selected five of the
sixteen faculty rep res en tativ eso These five met with a committee
of the Tr ust ees to consul t on the selection of a Chancelloro
Committees fr om this gr oup O·f si xteen have continued to be used
for cons ultation in the s electi on o f t he Vic e Chancellor for
Academic Affairs 0 the Assista nt Chancellor 0 and the Dean of Student
Affairs and In stitutiona l Relat ionso
When the Vice Chance l l or and the Assistant Chancellor were
chosen the full consultat i ve p roc ess was modified because _of the
urgent need to fill these p ositi ons within a very short period of
timeo The faculty committee invo lved in these selections considered
the can didates to be fully qualified but felt that a greater degree
of part ic ipation on the part o f the committee would have been desirable.
Consequently o it was decid ed that t he f acu lty representatives should
propose a pattern o f con s u lt atio n for f utur e usee
The approach recommended by the faculty representatives has
been f o ll owed in the selectio n of a Dean of Student Affairs and
Institutional Rel ati on so A scr eening committee met twice and
reviewed a l ist of twent y-one potential can didates from which it
selected s even nomine e s 0 al l o f whom were c onsidered by the committee
to h ave good qual ificatio ns for t he p ositiono The Chancellor will
appoint one o f t he s eve n o
Very soon after his app oin tmen to on April 140 the Chancellor
met with the sixteen faculty counci l cha irm en to di s cuss faculty
and administrative relationshipso At this meeting he stated that
the faculty on each campus should develop a council or senate which
would participate actively in the f ormulation of academic policies.
In addition he declared his intention of using faculty consultative
committees in the selection of college presidents and vice chancellors
and expressed his approval of the con sultati ve pr oc ess in connection
with the appointment of academic co llege deans o
In accordance with this pol icy the new president of San
Francisco State College was sele c ted fr om a list of potential
candidates developed by a faculty committee of the college~ At
the present time si milar faculty co mmittees are screening potential
candidates f or the pre sid encies of Los Ange l es and St anislaus State
Co llegeso
On April 14 the Chancellor also s et in motion the planning of
a statewide fa culty or gani za tio n whi.ch he cou ld co nsult on system-
I
~
- 3 -
·wide matters" He app oint ed a gr oup con si s t ing of three college
presid.ents 11 three facul t y r ep r esentatives " and a member of his
staffo These pers ons wer e a sk ed to make recomme ndations rega:c:ding
the ·principles and co nc epts whic h should govern the sta~ewid.e
f~ulty organiza ti on and to s ugge st t he next steps to be taken
in its formationo
This . group o kn own as the Phas e I Commi ttee o reported to the
joint mee·ting _ of f acult y re p r e se ntati ve s and college pr ·esidents
held. at Califo r nia Sta t e Pol yte chnic c.ollegeu Kellogg · Campus, on
July -°13q 19°620 Af ter modif i cat i ons were made in the Committee report,
the following recomme ndatio ns were unanimously ad.opted ~ ,
R.ep©rt of Phas e I Committ ee
I., Suggested Purp oses of Sta te-wide Faculty Consultative Body
Ao To p r ovi de the Californ i a Sta t e Colleges with a w~de
base f or the dev e lo pment of sys t em-wide policies.
B. To provide the Chancellor with a recognized source of
facul t y adv ic e and re ·comrnend.ations on system-wide
po lic y matterso
Co To p rovid e the fac ul t i es wi th an avenue for participation
in t he de velo pment of system-wide policies.
Iio Defini tions of Pertinen t Terms and Concepts
Ao Fa cult y
The term "fa c ulty" is perceived in the broad.est sense,
so as to include both teaching and administrative
faculty members o The• application of this principle
$hould be lef t to the individual collegeSo
Bo Pol i cy
"Pol i cy" r efers t o an established course of action or
direct i on wi t h respect_ _to academic matters of systemwid.
e app l icability which relate t o the nature and. the
standards of the California St .ate Colleges
Co Resp on sibility
The cons ultati ve body a and each member of it u is
profe ssional ly r e sponsib l e to the faculty members
of the sys t em as a whole o
- 4 -
Do Participation
Participation means t he privilege and responsibility for
setting forth a point of view with respect to policy
matters 0 with assurance that al l points of view will
be fairly and hone s tly considered in the resolution of
problems affecting the California State Collegeso
Participation should take place before the policy
decision is made o
Consultative and Advi s ory functiong the body should be
consulted by the Chancellor and should advise him in the
formulation of policies a
Eo Autonomy
The individual c oll eges should enjoy the maximum degree
of local autonomy fe a sible within the range of systemwide
_requirements and standardso It follows that the
body would not interfere with local autonomy and wou+d
affect the individual colleges only through the development
of gene ra l poli ci es applicable to all campuses.
III o Possible areas o f c ons ultatio n for the State-wide Facu ·lty
Consultative Body i n con tr ast to areas assigned to the
local collegeso
Curriculum
Admissions
S~holarship
Library
st~ndards
Sta .t e -wide Body
General requirements
;or degrees 0 including
minimal unit
requirements for
majors 0 general educationu
and residenceo
Level of achievement
and ap t itude required
for entrance at all
levels o
Minimum scholarship
s t andaros requirea
for retention and
graduat'1.ono -·
Minimum standards
for collectionso
Local Colleges
Specific requ~re~
ments in indiyidual ' •.
curricula
Application •: and
imp.letnentation of
general admissions
_policy ..
Application to the
individual campuses.
Application and
implementationo
Eo Research
Fo Academic
freedom
Go Personnel
policies
- 5 -
Policies concerning
f~ c ulty researcho
General policie s a
General policies to
govern ranko appointment
o tenure 0 promotion
0 leaves of
absenceo
Ho Matters refe r red by the Chancelloro
Application and
implementation.
Application and
implementation.
Application and
implementation ·-in
specific cases.
IVo The committee believes it essentiali and therefore recommends
further, that a State-wide Faculty Consultative Body:
Ao Should be s i mple i n i t s organiza t ional structure;
Bo Should evolve in function and operation, beginning with
a limited role;
Co Should be co ns ult a t ive in na t ure~ and
Do Must be f i na ncia l ly suppor t ed through specific budgetary
recognition a
Recommendation for Phase II Committ ee
ao Charge
(1) To propose structure in accordance with the
principles and definitions developed by the
Phase I Committeeo
(2) To asce rt ain faculty opinion on this general
matter by circularizing the faculties with
alternative proposals o
(3) To develop a formal proposal for consideration
by the Chancellor. a
{4) To calendar activities so that a final report
may be made to the Trustees by December, 1962.
- 6 -
At the Kellogg meeting the Chancellor appoi nt ed two college presid.
ents and the facul t y representatives selected five of their
number to form a seven-man Phase II Committee to 9arry out the
reco.m mendations of the Phase I .C ommitteeo Three members of the
Chancellor 0 s staff were appointed to work with this committeeo
The Phase II Committee has met twicea The first meeting was
concerned. with an analysis of the various problems involved an~
consideration of procedures to be followeda The committee recommended.
that until the statewide faculty organization is functional,
IIAn interim body composed of the Faculty Chairman or designated
representative from each State College shall act as . the state-wide
organization representing the faculties of the collegeso This body
shall consult with the Chancellor on such matters as he shall determineo
California State PQlytechnic College shall have one representative
from ea.ch of its two major campusesa"
At the second. meeting of t he Phase II Committee four subcommittees
were .. established tco report back at the next m1eeting on
·the following areas~ fun c tions 0 responsibilities 0 repr~sentation
and structure O and re "la.tionship and adoption schedule o The next
meeting of the Committee is s cheduled for September 13 ~nd 14 and
. another meeting is to be held. September 28 and 290 The _committee
hopes to present to the facu l ties a questionnaire co~ _taining
alternative possibilities early in Octobero
The results of this survey of faculty opinion will be used
during November as a basis for the development of -a constitution
for the o:t·ganizationo This document will then be presented to
the faculties and later .t o the Trustees 0 in Decembero .
FACULTY COUNCILS AND SENATES lN THE CALIFORNI A STATE COLLEGES
Although there ha.s been appreciable progress towards the
development of effective faculty senates a.nd councils on the various
campuses of the ca .lifornia State Colleges, the positive nature of
this trend has been restricted by a. number of problems. No college
is free of all of these problems .. A few colleges manifest a.11 of
them to some degree .,
The bases for the differences from college to college a.re many,
variE:d , and complicated in nature ., Each problem has many contributing
and conditioning element.s o Of necessity, this report tends to oversimplify
.and general i ze /I since it presents an over-all picture.
Administratively, the Chancellor ' s Office will have to respond specifically
to each situation o
Many of the problems are not unique to the State Colleges but
reflect evolutionary trends toward more substantial fa.culty participation
in the formula ti ~n of academic policies and practices evidenced
in colleges throughout the country o However, there are -a number of
elements which have exerted a special influence on the character of the
faculty senates and coun c ils of the State Colleges. Current factors
related to the rapid growth and development of the colleges, the
recent change in the statewide administration of the colleges, and
the m~mber and nature of faculty membership orga .niza tions, are some
of the more important conditioning element.s o
Since the nature of these bodies has been determined by pa.rticular
administrative attitudes and procedures, and the attitudes and background
experiences of faculty members, a review of related developments
is essential to an understanding of the present situation.
This review is not intended as a criticism of individuals. Its
purpose is to show the conditions under which the State Colleges were
operated until quite recently.. These conditions were accepted by ·a.
majority of the administrators and by many of the faculty, although
an active group of faculty members sought for a number of years to
alter them ..
Because the councils had their origin in the early 1950's and a
number of faculty members have been active during the whole period of
council .and senate development 8 it is especially important that this
- 2-
period be revie wed o Fortuna t e l 1 0 the yea rs between 1948 and 1955
are well docume nte d b y re po rts o Present con d iti ons were assessed
by visits ma de to ~ach co ll ege campus o
Unt i l the p assa ge of th e Donahoe Act , t he Education Code pro-vided
that 0
61the pr imary fun~tio n of th e st a t e colleges is the
t r a i ni n g of teache r s "' 11 This was the pr i mary definition of the
functions of the St a te Coll e9 es o Even though the word "teachers"
was dropped from the t i tle of the State Colleges in 1935 0 a report
on organizat i on issue d by the St ate Department of Finance in 1950
recommended th a t t he new pos i t i on of 01Dean of Instruction rr be
filled by 05a ,'teacher trainin g man o 0
' And in the same report , part
of the administrative structu re wh ic h was re commended was justified
by compa r isons ma de wi th 1'wel l ~k nown teachers colleges o II Even today
the sal ary classif ication u se d f o r budget p ur poses identifies
faculty membe r s a s '' teach er: · o
11
The characte r i za t i o. o f th e State Colleges as p r imarily teacher
t r aini ng i n st i tut i .ons ca rrie d o re r in to admin is trative ma tters o In
general o the American patte rn for the administration of teachers
colleges follows the mor e d i rective type of adm inis tration found in
mo0 t eleme n tary and se co n d a ry sc h oo l s o The Chandler Report of 1950
recommended that ea ch state college p r esi d en t should make policy
for hi s college :1 ca rry out polic i es esta blished i n the Department
of Edu c ation 0 and sel ec t an d re move fa c u lty membe r s o
In many inst anc es new faculty members wer e selected and appointed
with o ut any pa rtici pat ion by the dean of instr uc tion 0 division
chai r man c or d e pa r tm ent ·riea d o There were al so cases of dismissal
which c ame as a complet e surprise to department heads and division
chairmen o It must be po i nted ou t that the p r esidents involved were
acting i n good faith wit hin the administrative framework as it existed~
On one occasion it a ppe are d to the Department of Finance that
there would be a la rg e drop in e nr ollment a t one of the colleges at
the beginning of the fo l low i ng year o The p r esident was told to reduce
l o Depa r tment of Finance Report 0 Orga ni zation of the California
State Colleges 0 1950 0 commo ly c a lled the Chandler Reporto
MoE o Deuts ch 0 AoAo Dougla ss 0 GoDo St ra yer :1 A Report of a
Survey of the Needs o f Cal i fornia in Higher Education Q 1948 u
commonl y cal led the St rayer Report o
T oC. Holy 0 HoHo Semans , T oBo McCon ne ll 0 A Restudy of the Needs
of Ca l if o rnia in Hi gher Education 0 1955 0 commonly called the
McCon ne ll Report o
-3-
. his instructional staff by ten persons. He was a dvised by the
Department of Education that he could dismiss any staff member he
wished. With this backing the president released several faculty
members who had been at the college for more than ten years and who
were well respected by their colleagues o
This action drew so much ·attention to the extensive degree of
executive control which existed in some colleges that it stimulated
considerable faculty activity , culminating in legislation which gave
the state college faculties their first real tenure law -a.nd lay-off
regulations o
The State Department of Education was concerned with all segments
of education in California ,, of which the State Colleges were only ·a
relatively small pa.rt ., Dur i ng the mid-1950's this body was able to
spend only -a small portion of its time on state college policy matters
and .. as the McConnell Repor t sta t es , 1'In only a few cases did the
Board appear to have a sufficien t knowledge of the structure and
functions of the colleges t o give constructive criticism to recommendations
presented to it , 11 and "o .,., that the greatest share of this time
was taken by the college presidents in presenting information (often
in regard to basic po li cy matters ) and that the Boa.rd was seldom
asked to render a decision on the problems discussed .. "
In the absence of con t inuing direction from the Board of Education,
the Council of Sta t e Coll e ge Pr esidents formed by the presidents
assumed considerable author i ty .. This "extra lega .l body 19 was fully
recogn i zed by the Depa r tment of Education ~ Its meetings usually were
attended by the ass o ciate superintendent in charge of the Division
of State Colleges and Teacher Education , acting for the superintendent.
The Council of State College Presidents became a very influential
and effective body as the following statements from the McConnell
Report indicate: "It is inappropriate for the Council of State
College Presidents to assume the role of governing board, which in
effect it does. The Council of State College Presidents is, in
practice , in greater control of the institutions than is the Division
of State Colleges . "
This 11arrangement 11 not only gave the presidents as a group
considerable power over the system but also gave each president almost
complete autonomy in relation to his own college. Each president,
on occasion , went directly to other State departments, such as Fina.nee
and Architecture ., "Buildings have been approved and financed for
the housing of special programs which have not been approved by -the
-Council of State College Presidents , ~o . say nothing of the Specialist
in State College curricula and the State Board of Education."
=4 -
From 1955 on 9 t.he Department of Education ten ded to exercise
grea t er con trol t3.nd. t he powe r s o f t h e presidents diminished to a
c er t ain ex t e :~t. _, bu t each s till rema.in ed quite independent in the
admin i strati on of hi s own coll eige ., Man y of t he presidents had h&d
exper i enc e .in teach e r s c olleges !/ ju n i or c ol.l eges g schools of education,
or th e Sta t e Col l eges prior to their appointmen to Consequently they
were a c c usto med to a nd te nded t o employ an approach t o administration
wh ic h d .id not .invo lve fa culty pa rtici pa t i on "
The f ir s t f ormal s ugge s ti on :for development of faculty participation
was a r e commen da tion i n t he Chan dle r Report (1950 ) ., The report
suggested t ha t. ea.ch c ol l ege esta bl i sh a. faculty council as a part
o f e1 t he p la.:nn i .n9 s t a.ff of the Pre s i den t s /' 15 an d went on to recommend,
10Th.is Co u n cil sho u ld be a de m.-::>cart..i.c means o f keeping the Pr esident
we ll inf or med o .f probl ems in th e i ns titut ional and i nstructional
areas O li I t wa.s p r op c•sed as 3
• a representa. t ive body made up of members
o f th e facul t y : the gu i da.nce a.nd ca..ms el.ing s t affs u and the business
manageme nt pe r son:ne l o"
Pr ior to this t ime only t wo of t he state colleges had set up
any type c f fa. cu l.· .y par i ci pation i n p olicy matters and in these, two
t he fac ulty organiza tio n was s rnall u in formal an d p ur ely advisory o
Within t he nex t fEM yea r s facult y councils of the type recommended
by t he Cha nd le r Rep ort we re establish ed at several of the colleges
and o t hers were added l a ter o At the ti me t he Board of Trustees was
cre a t ed onl y one o f t he older s t a t e c ol le ges was without some form
of facu lty counc ~.L
Jv1os t of t hes e cou:t 1c.il s wer e purely a.dvisory o 1:rhey
