196,215 research outputs found
Imberty M. — L’acquisition des structures tonales chez l’enfant. Paris, Klinsksieck, 1969
No full textImberty M. — L’acquisition des structures tonales chez l’enfant. Paris, Klinsksieck, 1969. In: Bulletin de psychologie, tome 24 n°290, 1971. p. 395
Perceiving and categorizing atonal music: the role of redundancy and performance
No full textIn order to verify if the performer interpretation has a role on the perceived segmentation of atonal music, we performed three experiments according to the ecological approach developed by Irène Deliège (1990). We hypothesize that musical structure affects grouping more than performance and, moreover, that the main mechanism involved in the representation of musical structure is related to the detection of similarity and difference between phrases, that is, of their redundancy. For each experiment 30 subjects were invited to attentively listen to two different performances of an atonal piece, to understand its plan and to mark off the sections of the work pressing a computer key. The order of presentation of the two performances was balanced. In a first experiment we used two versions of Berio’s Sequenza VI performed respectively by Desjardins (1998) and Knox (2006). These variants are different in duration (12.13min. vs 13.14min.) and show differences in dynamics aspects (i.e.: velocity, intensity), accents distribution and gaps duration. The aim of this work was to isolate and analyze the role of variations in dynamic components, accents distribution, duration and the instrumentalists’ point of view in the representation of the musical surface, as perceived by the listeners. In the second experiment we focused on the role of performances duration by using two versions of Berio’s Sequenza III, recorded by the same singer, that differ exactly in duration. In order to better investigate the performers interpretation of the score, in the third experiment we asked to two musicians to record a performance of Berio’s Sequenza VIII by means of a score in which we had previously erased the dynamic instructions provided by the composer. Moreover, none of the two instrumentalists knew the Berio’s composition before our request. Then we used the obtained tracks as stimuli in the same paradigm of previous experiments. The results show a good number of coinciding segmentations in the two versions either for the first, the second and the last experiment, confirming our hypothesis and suggesting a main role of the texture in perceiving and representing the plan of the pieces. The results of the three experiments are discussed in relation to the role of same/different detectio
Communication ou interaction: les enfants façe à une machine musicale
No full textLa relation entre nouvelles technologies et apprentissage est devenue un point focal de la réflexion dans ledomain del'éducation musicale. Cependant, il y a encore peu de recherches sur la nature de l'interaction enfants/machines musicales, surtout en ce qui concerne les très jeunes enfants. De nombreaux travux sur le développment musical ont pourtan
La Psychologie creuse le temps de la musique: de la recherche comportamentale à la modélisation neurocognitive
No full textMichel Imberty a une triple formation, philosophique, musicologique et psychologique. Professeur invité dans de nombreuses universités étrangères, en particulier à Bologne, Rome, Grenade, Pampelune et Liège, ses recherches se situent aux frontières de ces trois champs disciplinaires auxquels s’ajoutent l’esthétique musicale et la psychanalyse. Dans ce vaste ensemble, la psychologie expérimentale et cognitive a un rôle à la fois essentiel et strictement délimité : si elle n’est pas à l’origine de l’essentiel des idées de Michel Imberty sur la musique, sur le temps, sur leurs rapports avec nous, elle est avant tout une exigence de rigueur, et un tremplin solide pour aller plus avant dans des domaines de la pensée qui lui sont étrangers et pour lesquels elle a renouvelé et assuré sa réflexion. Michel Imberty est l’auteur de plus de 180 publications dont on peut retenir surtout les ouvrages sur le développement musical de l’enfant, la sémantique musicale, les articles sur la musique et l’inconscient, sur Debussy, Mahler, Wagner, Schoenberg, Berg, Berio, Boulez, la musique spectrale et les recherches sur la cognition musicale, principalement dans le cas de la musique atonale. Cet ouvrage, issu d’une journée hommage à Michel Imberty, retrace non seulement ses engagements musicaux, scientifi ques et institutionnels, mais aussi la pluralité, la puissance et l’originalité de son œuvre. Il apparaît ainsi comme l’une des fi gures marquantes de la psychologie de la musique
Disabilité et coéducation. Devenir «grand» avec ses élèves et ses enfants
No full textDans une perspective de coéducation, le travail éducatif avec les enfants avec disabilité ou en situation de vulnérabilité et/ou désavantagé concerne l'apprentissage commun (Pourtois et Desmet, 2005): les parents et les professionnels peuvent apprendre avec les enfants des choses qu'ils ne peuvent apprendre, que grâce au rapport direct et quotidien avec eux. Il faut se renseigner à apprendre de ceux qui nous semblent (ou qui peuvent être) dans une situation de « fragilité » ou nécessité, en transformant les limites en seuils, en nous faisant indiquer par eux le chemin à parcourir, en fonction de leurs besoins et de leurs caractéristiques (Canevaro, 2006).
L'un des défis de la Pédagogie Spéciale est de réussir à entrevoir la possibilité d'apprendre de ceux qui ont besoin de nous, en renversant la dialectique de la reconnaissance, en donnant une confiance illimitée aux capacités des autres (les enfants avec disabilité ou en situation de vulnérabilité et/ou désavantagé). Coéducation, donc, comme réciprocité éducative marchant côte à côte (relation), en apprenant à regarder au-delà de la compensation des désavantages générés par la situation de disabilité (possibilité), pour vivre dans les temps et dans les espaces de l'ordinaire (socialité)
Evaluation of the musical style using the semantic differential technique and a fuzzy graphic rating scale
No full textA great number of studies related to the cognitive processes
involved in listening to music have demonstrated the existence of
an identification process of salient cues: each subject could pick
up distinctive musical features during listening.
The present work is aimed to explore the ability of naïve listeners
to evaluate musical excerpts. Thirty musical sequences were
selected from the Sonatas repertoire of Mozart, Beethoven and
Clementi. Two series of fifteen sequences were presented to the
subjects in a random order. The subjects were asked to evaluate
the sequences with a battery of twelve bipolar items, using two
different methodologies: the semantic differential technique and a
fuzzy graphic rating scale. With respect to the semantic
differential technique, the subjects were invited to compile a
Likert scale choosing among 7 possible alternatives (from one
adjective to the opposed one). In the other condition, the subjects
could express their opinion using a fuzzy graphic rating scale:
they were invited to draw a cross on the line between the two
opposed adjectives; after having put the cross, the subjects were
asked to draw two little vertical lines, one on the left and the other
on the right side of the cross, in order to indicate how much their
choice could be blurred towards the ends of the line.
The results show that both the methodologies considered permit to
measure the music compositional style, but using the fuzzy
graphic rating scale, the subjects express their opinion in a more
precise way than using the semantic differential technique
Induction of rare conformation of oligosaccharide by binding to calcium-dependent bacterial lectin: X-ray crystallography and modelling study
No full textPathogenic micro-organisms utilize protein receptors (lectins) in adhesion to host tissues, a process that in some cases relies on the interaction between lectins and human glycoconjugates. Oligosaccharide epitopes are recognized through their three-dimensional structure and their flexibility is a key issue in specificity. In this paper, we analysed by X-ray crystallography the structures of the LecB lectin from two strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in complex with Lewis x oligosaccharide present on cell surfaces of human tissues. An unusual conformation of the glycan was observed in all binding sites with a non-canonical syn orientation of the N-acetyl group of N-acetyl-glucosamine. A PDB-wide search revealed that such an orientation occurs only in 4% of protein/carbohydrate complexes. Theoretical chemistry calculations showed that the observed conformation is unstable in solution but stabilised by the lectin. A reliable description of LecB/Lewis x complex by force field-based methods had proven especially challenging due to the special feature of the binding site, two closely apposed Ca2+ ions which induce strong charge delocalisation. By comparing various force-field parametrisations, we propose a general strategy which will be useful in near future for designing carbohydrate-based ligands (glycodrugs) against other calcium-dependent protein receptors
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
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