745 research outputs found
Dynamic modification of sphingomyelin in lipid microdomains controls development of obesity, fatty liver, and type 2 diabetes
No full textSusumu Mitsutake, Kota Zama, Hazuki Yokota, Tetsuya Yoshida, Miki Tanaka, Masaru Mitsui, Masahito Ikawa, Masaru Okabe, Yoshikazu Tanaka, Tadashi Yamashita, Hiroshi Takemoto, Toshiro Okazaki, Ken Watanabe, Yasuyuki Igarashi, Dynamic Modification of Sphingomyelin in Lipid Microdomains Controls Development of Obesity, Fatty Liver, and Type 2 Diabetes, Journal of Biological Chemistry, Volume 286, Issue 32, 2011, Pages 28544-28555, ISSN 0021-9258, https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M111.255646.Lipid microdomains or caveolae, small invaginations of plasma membrane, have emerged as important elements for lipid uptake and glucose homeostasis. Sphingomyelin (SM) is one of the major phospholipids of the lipid microdomains. In this study, we investigated the physiological function of sphingomyelin synthase 2 (SMS2) using SMS2 knock-out mice, and we found that SMS2 deficiency prevents high fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Interestingly, in the liver of SMS2 knock-out mice, large and mature lipid droplets were scarcely observed. Treatment with siRNA for SMS2 also decreased the large lipid droplets in HepG2 cells. Additionally, the siRNA of SMS2 decreased the accumulation of triglyceride in liver of leptin-deficient (ob/ob) mice, strongly suggesting that SMS2 is involved in lipid droplet formation. Furthermore, we found that SMS2 exists in lipid microdomains and partially associates with the fatty acid transporter CD36/FAT and with caveolin 1, a scaffolding protein of caveolae. Because CD36/FAT and caveolin 1 exist in lipid microdomains and are coordinately involved in lipid droplet formation,SMS2is implicated in the modulation of the SM in lipid microdomains, resulting in the regulation of CD36/FAT and caveolae. Here, we established new cell lines, in which we can completely distinguish SMS2 activity from SMS1 activity, and we demonstrated that SMS2 could convert ceramide produced in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane into SM. Our findings demonstrate the novel and dynamic regulation of lipid microdomains via conformational changes in lipids on the plasma membrane by SMS2, which is responsible for obesity and type 2 diabetes
Overview of the 2019 open-source IR replicability challenge (OSIRRC 2019)
No full textThe Open-Source IR Replicability Challenge (OSIRRC 2019), organized as a workshop at SIGIR 2019, aims to improve the replicability of ad hoc retrieval experiments in information retrieval by gathering a community of researchers to jointly develop a common Docker specification and build Docker images that encapsulate a diversity of systems and retrieval models. We articulate the goals of this workshop and describe the "jig" that encodes the Docker specification. In total, 13 teams from around the world submitted 17 images, most of which were designed to produce retrieval runs for the TREC 2004 Robust Track test collection. This exercise demonstrates the feasibility of orchestrating large, community-based replication experiments with Docker technology. We envision OSIRRC becoming an ongoing community-wide effort to ensure experimental replicability and sustained progress on standard test collections.Web Information System
Children’s Tendency to be Absent From School and Their School-Life Skills : Transition From Elementary to Junior High School
No full textスウガク キョウイク ニオケル MOODLE ト STACK ノ リヨウ スウガク ソフトウェア ト キョウイク スウガク ソフトウェア ノ コウカテキ リヨウ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ
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The SIGIR 2019 Open-Source IR Replicability Challenge (OSIRRC 2019)
No full textWeb Information System
Auto-Ignition and Combustion of n-Butane and DME/Air Mixtures in a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine
No full textFormalization of a realtime person-computer ensemble system with an effective matching algorithm
No full textAuto Ignition and Combustion of DME and n-Butane/Air Mixtures in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine.
No full textSpecies diversity of woody recruits within Japanese cedar (<i>Cryptomeria japonica</i>) plantations established on grasslands: the effects of site conditions and landscape
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