20 research outputs found
ECOLOGICAL-ECONOMIC ESTIMATION OF INFLUENCE OF AN OIL-AND-GAS COMPLEX ON TERRITORY HANTI-MANSIYSKIY AUTONOMOUS OKRUG – UGRA
No full textResearches show presence of interrelations between a condition of ecological system and a level of economy in the present and the future. The author marks, that in system «the nature - a society - the person» is observed an aggravation of ýêîëîãî-economic, social and economic, economic-demographic and other contradictions. This circumstance forces to search for ways of improvement of a condition of an environment. In work the ýêîëîãî-economic estimation of influence of an oil-and-gas complex on territory Hanti-Mansiyskiy autonomous okrug - Ugra is given
Analysing ocean wave data for improved planning of future offshore renewable energy
No full textClimate change is impacting people, industries and economies to ever greater degrees. One of the rapidly growing industries impacted by climate change is offshore wind energy. Numerous studies have shown a wide range of climate change impacts on the offshore wind resource. However, other potential impacts of climate change are less understood. This thesis investigated climate change impacts on installation and maintenance of offshore wind farms. Installation and maintenance each account for 20-25% of offshore wind farm lifecycle costs, and these activities significantly depend on ocean wave conditions. Wave reanalysis datasets, like ERA5, are often used to assess long-term wave climate. This thesis assessed the accuracy of the ERA5 wave dataset as a source of global ground-truth significant wave height data. The author showed that ERA5 tends to underestimate significant wave height above 5 m. The ERA5 accuracy increases with the increasing distance to shore, and is higher in more recent years. These findings informed the use of the ERA5 wave data in combination with atmospheric data from eight CMIP6 climate models to train a neural network to produce wave climate projections. The large size of the dataset, which included global 3-hour data for five variables (including significant wave height), hindered learning of the feed-forward neural network. Since the neural network failed to produce acceptable wave climate projections, an ensemble of existing numerical projections was used to quantify impacts of climate change on accessibility - the fraction of time when the weather does not impede installation and maintenance of offshore structures. This ensemble consisted of 11 wave simulations from the COWCLIP project, where wave models were forced with atmospheric data from seven CMIP5 climate models. This study found that accessibility is projected to increase in the North Atlantic and Asia, but decrease in Central America and in some cases in Australia and on the western North American coast. Most of the accessibility increase in the North Atlantic comes in the winter months, suggesting lengthening of the traditional maintenance season
Analysing ocean wave data for improved planning of future offshore renewable energy
No full textClimate change is impacting people, industries and economies to ever greater degrees. One of the rapidly growing industries impacted by climate change is offshore wind energy. Numerous studies have shown a wide range of climate change impacts on the offshore wind resource. However, other potential impacts of climate change are less understood. This thesis investigated climate change impacts on installation and maintenance of offshore wind farms. Installation and maintenance each account for 20-25% of offshore wind farm lifecycle costs, and these activities significantly depend on ocean wave conditions. Wave reanalysis datasets, like ERA5, are often used to assess long-term wave climate. This thesis assessed the accuracy of the ERA5 wave dataset as a source of global ground-truth significant wave height data. The author showed that ERA5 tends to underestimate significant wave height above 5 m. The ERA5 accuracy increases with the increasing distance to shore, and is higher in more recent years. These findings informed the use of the ERA5 wave data in combination with atmospheric data from eight CMIP6 climate models to train a neural network to produce wave climate projections. The large size of the dataset, which included global 3-hour data for five variables (including significant wave height), hindered learning of the feed-forward neural network. Since the neural network failed to produce acceptable wave climate projections, an ensemble of existing numerical projections was used to quantify impacts of climate change on accessibility - the fraction of time when the weather does not impede installation and maintenance of offshore structures. This ensemble consisted of 11 wave simulations from the COWCLIP project, where wave models were forced with atmospheric data from seven CMIP5 climate models. This study found that accessibility is projected to increase in the North Atlantic and Asia, but decrease in Central America and in some cases in Australia and on the western North American coast. Most of the accessibility increase in the North Atlantic comes in the winter months, suggesting lengthening of the traditional maintenance season
AB1110 Lipid abnormalities in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis jia
No full textQuality of life in patients with juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus
No full textBackground. Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) is a rare, multisystem, and potentially life-threatening autoimmune disease with significant comorbidities and the development of a chronic, debilitating condition for the patient. Modern parameters for assessing disease activity and developing new treatment approaches, including the use of immunobiological drugs, take into account health-related quality of life (HRQoL) indicators as one of the fundamental principles of therapy for rheumatic diseases.
Purpose – To determine the HRQoL indicators in children with cSLE, considering disease activity, the frequency and nature of irreversible organ and system damages, and a disease duration of more than one year.
Materials and Methods. Over a 12-month interval, 70 children aged 7–18 years with cSLE, who had been diagnosed for more than one year, were examined. The mean disease duration at the time of the initial assessment was 32.97 ± 4.06 months (ranging from 12 to 120 months). A low disease activity level (1–5 points on the SELENA-SLEDAI index) was recorded in 61.11% of patients, a moderate level in 33.33%, and a high level in 5.56%.
The presence of potentially irreversible organ and system damages were assessed using the modified SLICC/ACR Damage Index for pediatric practice (PED/SDI), and HRQoL was evaluated using the LupusQoL questionnaire.
Statistical analysis was performed using application software packages (MS Excel, SPSS). Parametric and non-parametric tests, as well as correlation analysis, were used to determine the statistical significance of differences in the indicators.
Results. The mean Damage Index (DI) among adolescents with cSLE was 1.42 ± 0.17 points. A low DI (1 point) was observed in 19 children (35.85%), a moderate DI (2–4 points) in 8 patients (15.09%), while no cases of high DI (> 4 points) were recorded. The most common irreversible organ damage in children and adolescents with cSLE affected the nervous system (20.75%), lungs (13.21%), and vision (11.32%). After one year, signs of irreversible organ damage were registered in 52.83% of cSLE patients. The mean Damage Index increased to 1.48 ± 0.13 points, with vision impairment and growth retardation becoming the most frequent complications (18.87%).
According to LupusQoL results, children with cSLE demonstrated a significant decline in HRQoL, with an overall mean score across all domains of 65.51 ± 2.09 points. The most affected domains were «intimate relationships» and «body image», while the highest score was observed in the «pain» domain. A significant inverse correlation was confirmed between the overall HRQoL score and the degree of cSLE activity (r = -0.866; p < 0.05) in children without organ damage. Negative correlations were also found between disease activity and the domains of «pain», «planning», «intimate relationships», and «emotional health» (r = -0.530; p < 0.05, r = -0.529; p < 0.05, r = -0.720; p < 0.05, r = -0.728; p < 0.01, respectively).
Positive correlations were identified between the «pain» and «planning» domains and the age of patients at the time of assessment (r = 0.647; p < 0.01 and r = 0.642; p < 0.01, respectively). The «body image» domain scores correlated with the age at disease onset (r = 0.611; p < 0.01), while the «fatigue» domain was associated with disease duration (r = 0.638; p < 0.05). These findings confirm the substantial impact of disease activity on HRQoL deterioration across multiple domains.
Conclusions. Potentially irreversible organ damage was identified in 52.83% of children and adolescents with cSLE, with the disease exerting a negative impact on both the physical and psychological aspects of patientsʼ lives. A decline in HRQoL is associated with disease activity, primarily in individuals without organ damage, as confirmed by the inverse correlation between overall quality of life and cSLE activity level (r = -0.866; p < 0.05).
Significant differences in HRQoL indicators depending on the presence of irreversible organ damage were observed in the «fatigue» domain (patients with organ damage: 59.38 ± 6.60 points vs. those without organ damage: 80.56 ± 5.65 points; p < 0.05)
Features of renal dysfunction in children with systemic lupus erythematosus and juvenile idiopathic arthritis
No full textBackground. In systemic autoimmune diseases of the connective tissue, kidney damage in some cases is a syndrome of the disease, and in others, it is a consequence of the underlying process. Objective: to establish the incidence and nature of violations of kidney function in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), depending on the duration and activity of the disease. Materials and methods. 113 children aged 7 to 18 years were examined, of which 70 patients with JIA and 43 — with SLE. Distribution to the groups was carried out depending on the duration and activity of the disease. The status of kidney function was evaluated using hemorrhagic tests (serum creatinine level), determination of glomerular filtration rate. We have evaluated the level of proteinuria in the daily urine, as well as studied the concentration function of the kidneys by means of urine analysis according to Zimnytsky. Statistical processing was carried out using the statistical software package Statgraphics 16.0. Results. Thus, in children with JIA, with the duration of the disease more than 3 years, there was a change in the renal function characterized as proteinuria, and a violation of glomerular filtration rate and a decrease in the concentration function of the kidneys. When studying the incidence of violations depending on the activity of the pathological process, it was established that in the group with 0 degree of activity, both glomerular filtration rate (25.0 %) and concentration function of the kidneys (12.5 %) decreased. In the group with I degree of activity, there was detected microproteinuria (4.4 %), violation of glomerular filtration rate (12.3 %) and decreased renal concentration (6.6 %). In the group with II degree of activity, microproteinuria (14.2 %) and a certain reduction in glomerular filtration rate (14.2 %) were detected, and in the group with III degree of activity, almost all patients had microproteinuria (66.6 %) and a decrease in the concentration function of the kidneys (33.3 %). When studying the function of the kidneys depending on the activity of the pathological process, attention was paid to the increase in the level of microproteinuria (p < 0.01) and reduction of glomerular filtration in the group with III degree of activity (p < 0.01). There is also an increase in the level of proteinuria in the group with the duration of the disease for more than 3 years. Thus, it has been found that kidney damage is associated with a significant decrease in glomerular filtration and proteinuria, that is, a dysfunction of the glomerular kidney system. In patients with SLE, in a group with the duration of the disease from 1 to 3 years, in 68.1 % of cases there was proteinuria, and in rare cases — changes in glomerular filtration rate. In the group of children with the duration of the pathological process over 3 years, deeper changes in the function of the kidneys have been detected. Thus, almost all patients had proteinuria (90.4 %), the incidence of reduction in glomerular filtration rate increased to 19.0 %, and in 14.2 % of cases, a reduction in the concentration function of kidneys has been detected. When analyzing the incidence of renal dysfunction depending on the activity of SLE, attention was paid to the increase in the level of proteinuria (p < 0.05) and the decrease in glomerular filtration rate (p < 0.02), especially in patients with II degree of disease activity. In the study of kidney function indicators depending on the duration of SLE, it was found that in the group with the duration of the disease for more than 3 years, there was a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (p < 0.03), increase in the level of microalbuminuria (p < 0.03) and a reduction in maximum urinary gravity (p < 0.03). When studying the indicators of kidney function depending on the activity of the pathological process, an increase in the level of microalbuminuria with II degree of activity (p < 0.01) was observed. Thus, in almost a third of children with SLE, with a disease duration of more than 3 years and preserved activity of the pathological process, the formation of signs of kidney damage with a dysfunction of both the glomerular and tubular kidney apparatus was detected, which will cause the development of chronic renal failure. Conclusions. In children with JIA and SLE, with disease duration for more than 3 years, impaired renal function is observed in persistent activity of the pathological process. Signs of kidney damage are the presence of proteinuria, reduced glomerular filtration, decreased renal concentration function
Особливості порушень функціонування нирок у дітей із системним червоним вовчаком та ювенільним ідіопатичним артритом
No full textАктуальність. При системних захворюваннях сполучної тканини автоімунної природи ураження нирок в одних випадках є синдромом захворювання, а в інших — наслідком основного процесу. Мета роботи — встановити частоту та характер порушень функціонування нирок у дітей та підлітків, хворих на ювенільний ідіопатичний артрит (ЮІА) та системний червоний вовчак (СЧВ), залежно від тривалості та активності цих захворювань. Матеріали та методи. Обстежені 113 дітей у віці від 7 до 18 років, із них хворих на ЮІА — 70, 43 дитини — з СЧВ. Розподіл на групи проведений залежно від тривалості та активності захворювання. Стан функції нирок оцінювали за допомогою геморенальних проб (рівень креатиніну сироватки крові), визначення швидкості клубочкової фільтрації. Установлювали рівень протеїнурії в добовій сечі, а також вивчали концентраційну функцію нирок за допомогою аналізу сечі за Зимницьким. Статистична обробка проводилася за допомогою пакета статистичних програм Statgrafics 16.0. Результати. Так, у дітей з ЮІА при тривалості хвороби більше ніж 3 роки відбувалися зміни функції нирок, що виражалися протеїнурією, порушенням швидкості клубочкової фільтрації та зниженням концентраційної функції нирок. При вивченні частоти порушень залежно від активності патологічного процесу встановлено що у групі з 0 ст. було зниження як швидкості клубочкової фільтрації (25,0 %), так і концентраційної функції нирок (12,5 %). У групі з I ст. активності виявлені мікропротеїнурія (4,4 %), порушення швидкості клубочкової фільтрації (12,3 %) та зниження концентраційної функції нирок (6,6 %). У групі з II ст. також виявлені мікропротеїнурія (14,2 %) та певне зниження швидкості клубочкової фільтрації (14,2 %), а в групі з III ст. майже у всіх хворих зареєстровані мікропротеїнурія (66,6 %) та зниження концентраційної функції нирок (33,3 %). При вивченні функції нирок залежно від активності патологічного процесу привертали увагу приріст рівня мікропротеїнурії (р < 0,01) та зниження клубочкової фільтрації в групі з III ступенем активності (р < 0,01). Також установлено зростання рівня протеїнурії в групі з тривалістю захворювання понад 3 роки. Таким чином, установлено, що ураження нирок супроводжується значним зниженням клубочкової фільтрації та протеїнурією, тобто порушенням функції клубочкового апарату нирок. У хворих на СЧВ дітей із тривалістю захворювання від 1 до 3 років в 68,1 % випадків зареєстровані наявність протеїнурії та в поодиноких випадках — зміни швидкості клубочкової фільтрації. У групі дітей із тривалістю патологічного процесу понад 3 роки виявлено більш глибокі зміни функції нирок. Так, майже в усіх хворих установлена протеїнурія (90,4 %), частота зниження швидкості клубочкової фільтрації збільшилась до 19,0 %, у 14,2 % випадків встановлено зниження концентраційної функції нирок. При аналізі частоти порушень функції нирок залежно від активності СЧВ привертали увагу зростання рівня протеїнурії (р < 0,05) та зниження швидкості клубочкової фільтрації (р < 0,02) саме у хворих із II ступенем активності захворювання. При вивченні показників функції нирок залежно від тривалості захворювання на СЧВ установлено, що в групі з тривалістю хвороби понад 3 роки відбувається зниження швидкості клубочкової фільтрації (р < 0,03), зростання рівня мікроальбумінурії (р < 0,03) та зниження максимальної щільності сечі (р < 0,03). При дослідженні показників функції нирок залежно від активності патологічного процесу виявлено зростання рівня мікроальбумінурії при II ступені активності (р < 0,01). Таким чином, майже у третини дітей із СЧВ із тривалістю захворювання понад 3 роки та збереженням активності патологічного процесу відбувається формування ознак ураження нирок із порушенням функції як клубочкового, так і канальцевого апарату нирок, що надалі буде сприяти розвитку хронічної ниркової недостатності. Висновки. У дітей, хворих на ЮІА та на СЧВ, із тривалістю захворювання понад 3 роки при збереженні активності патологічного процесу формуються порушення функції нирок. Ознаками ураження нирок є наявність протеїнурії, зниження клубочкової фільтрації, зниження концентраційної здатності нирок.</jats:p
AB0612 Infringement of the blood lipid spectrum in children and adolescents with sle and their predictive value for the further course of the disease
No full textECOLOGICAL-ECONOMIC ESTIMATION OF INFLUENCE OF AN OIL-AND-GAS COMPLEX ON TERRITORY HANTI-MANSIYSKIY AUTONOMOUS OKRUG – UGRA
No full textResearches show presence of interrelations between a condition of ecological system and a level of economy in the present and the future. The author marks, that in system «the nature - a society - the person» is observed an aggravation of эколого-economic, social and economic, economic-demographic and other contradictions. This circumstance forces to search for ways of improvement of a condition of an environment. In work the эколого-economic estimation of influence of an oil-and-gas complex on territory Hanti-Mansiyskiy autonomous okrug - Ugra is given
