9 research outputs found

    Effects of vegetable powders as nitrite alternative in Italian dry fermented sausage

    No full text
    The aim of this work was to study the effects of reformulation of an Italian dry fermented sausage by replacing nitrite with celery or spinach powder alone or in combination with beet powder on some quality characteristics of the product. Five different sausage formulations were produced: i) Control negative (CN): no nitrate added; ii) Control positive (CP) 150 mg/kg potassium nitrate; Group with celery powder (GSe): 3 g/kg celery powder; iii) Group with celery powder and beet powder (GSeB): 3 g/kg of celery and beet powder, respectively; iv) Group with spinach powder and beet powder (GSpB): 3 g/kg of spinach and beet powder, respectively. There was no significant difference between the residual nitrite contents of the samples at the end of the storage period. From microbiological analysis no target pathogenic bacterium has been isolated and the lactic bacteria microflora showed a similar trend in all of the lots. Suggested storage periods for CP, GSe and GSeB were over 60 days by taking into consideration the microbiology and sensory evaluation. Sensory evaluation scores of samples with celery powder, in fact, were comparable to those of CP during storage. The GSpB samples showed similar and higher values regarding the structural attributes, the related attribute to colour showed decidedly lower values due to a greenish coloration of the slice to the presence of spinach

    Sustainability of potable water supplies in developing countries

    No full text
    This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author. Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field

    Leonardo da Vinci: Proto-architect of Modern Military Technology

    No full text
    Nakon kratke uvodne kontekstualizacije i ocrtavanja renesansne vojno-političke slike Italije, kao i susljednih društveno-kulturalnih stratuma, u radu su u kratkim crticama prikazani djetinjstvo Leonarda da Vincija i njegove prve umjetnički formativne godine, odnosno šegrtovanje u firentinskom ateljeu Andree del Verrocchija. Glavnina rada potom je posvećena raspravi o vizualnim prikazima Leonardovih ratnih izuma, razvijenima na dvorovima ondašnjih najmoćnijih talijanskih obitelji, milanskih Sforzi i rimskih Borgia. Kraćom interpretacijom dostupne historiografske produkcije nastoje se povući paralele između kasnorenesansne i moderne vojne tehnologije te istražiti donekle nezastupljena sfera Leonarda da Vincija kao homo militarisa.After a brief introductory contextualization and depiction of the Renaissance military-political image of Italy, as well as the subsequent socio-cultural strata, the work briefly illustrates the childhood of Leonardo da Vinci and his first artistic formative years, that is, apprenticeships in the Florence studio of Andrea del Verrocchi. The majority of the work deals with a discussion of visual representations of Leonardo’s inventions of war, developed on the courts of the most powerful Italian families of that time, Milan Sforzi and Roman Borgia. A shorter interpretation of the available historiographical production seeks to draw parallels between the late Renaissance and Modern military technology as well as to explore the somewhat unrepresented sphere of Leonardo da Vinci as a homo militaris

    Sustainability and eco-labels in the tourism sector: legal framework and market evidence

    No full text
    This thesis aims to analyze the issue of sustainability, with particular attention to sustainable tourism and the various certifications that accommodation facilities can receive, following different sustainable criteria, which are voluntary and mandatory. In addition, this paper will explore the existence or otherwise of discrepancies between the theoretical framework dictated by ecolabeling practices and the actions undertaken daily by the main players in the world of tourism. This paper will be divided into three different chapters: FIRST CHAPTER: The first chapter deals with sustainable tourism. In fact, after an introductory paragraph devoted to presenting the broader concept of sustainability, the chapter will focus main lyon sustainable tourism, defined by the UN as "tourism that meets the needs of today's tourists and host regions while foreseeing and enhancing opportunities for the future". This type of tourism will be examined from its creation to its scale. SECOND CHAPTER: In the second chapter several themes will be addressed; in fact, we will analyze the issue of corporate environmental management, and certified sustainable brands, with a careful analysis of the sustainable and ecological labels that accommodation facilities can receive following various criteria. The labels mentioned in this chapter are EU Ecolabel; Luxury Eco Certification Standard; Eco Bio Tourism ICEA; Leg ambiente Turismo. THIRD CHAPTER: The last chapter will focus on a case study centered on an interview with Ciro Verrocchi, General Manager of Palazzo Fiuggi, a hotel belonging to the Forte Village group, and Manager of the Year in 2016, who will talk to us about sustainability in the hospitality sector, particularly in luxury hospitality. With him, I will also try to deepen what have been the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic on the tourism sector and more specifically on sustainable tourism practices

    Interleukin-1[Alpha] production in periodontal disease: the interaction of bacteria and gene polymorphisms.

    No full text
    PhDThere is good evidence that interleukin-I alpha (IL-Ia) plays a key role in both the host response to bacteria and the tissue destruction associated with periodontal disease. This thesis investigated the interaction of bacterial, genetic and pharmacological factors in the regulation of IL-la in periodontal disease. To investigate the stimulation of IL-la by periodontal pathogens, human monocytes were challenged with a wide range of periodontal species. Most of the species tested stimulated high levels of IL-la. Induction by P. gingivalis was notably weak. Co-stimulation with P. gingivalis antagonised the ability of other bacterial species to induce IL-la, and this antagonism was due to the specific nature of its LPS. The association of periodontal. disease with host genetic variation was investigated by screening the IL-lA promoter region by direct sequencing in patients with aggressive periodontitis. Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified including rs3783521 C>T, rs1800794 C>T, rs1800587 C>T. However, the prevalence of polymorphic alleles between patients and healthy subjects was similar. To test if any of these polymorphisms effect transcription of IL-IA, the polymorphisms of interest were introduced into an IL-lu luciferase reporter construct by site-directed mutagenesis. Only one of these polymorphisms, rs1800587 (-899), resulted in a significant change in transcription using transient transfection assays. The T allele of this SNP reduced both the basal activity and the response to LPS or periodontopathogens. Therefore, the rs1800587 SNP might play a role in the regulation of IL-lA gene transcription induced by bacteria. The central role played by IL-1 a in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease suggests that immunomodulation may offer a therapeutic option. Sub-antimicrobial concentrations of doxycycline inhibited IL-Ict production in response to bacterial stimulation by human monocytes. This effect appears to be at translational level rather than transcription. It does not appear to involve the regulation of NF-icB activity, or the suppression of IL-Ict transcription, or doxycycline chelation properties. In conclusion, IL-la is a pivotal cytokine involved in periodontal disease, and its regulation is a complex event governed by bacterial factors, host genetics and pharmacological agents
    corecore