4,939 research outputs found
Robinione overstreeti Boyko & Williams & Shields 2017
No full textRobinione overstreeti (Adkison & Heard, 1995) n. comb. Figs 9, 10 Pseudioniinae [sic] sp. A. Rakocinski et al., 1993: 102 (list). Pseudione overstreeti Adkison & Heard, 1995: 105 –109, figs. 1, 2 (type locality: west end of Horn Island, Mississippi, U.S. A, infesting Callichirus islagrande (Schmitt, 1935)).— Rakocinski et al., 1996: 351 (list).— Camp, 1998: 134 (list).— Schotte et al., 2009: 980 (list).— Vogt, 2016: 1409, 1410 (mention), fig. 7A (color photo of male and female). Material examined. United States: Immature female (5.5 mm), ex right branchial chamber of female Callichirus islagrande (10.9 mm CL), Gulf Beach, Isle Dernière, Louisiana, coll. R. B. Griffis & T. Zimmerman, 27 Jul 1993 (ULLZ 10206); immature female (5.5 mm, on SEM stub, USNM 1459847 ex ULLZ 10205), mature male (3.0 mm), ex right branchial chamber of female C. islagrande (8.0 mm CL), mid-intertidal pool and low intertidal, bay side, Isle Dernièrs, Louisiana, coll. R. B. Griffis, D. L. Felder & T. McTigue, 19 Oct 1993 (ULLZ 10205); ovigerous female (11.0 mm), mature male (4.0 mm), ex left branchial chamber of female C. islagrande (11.4 mm CL), Gulf side, Isle Dernièrs, Louisiana, coll. D. L. Felder, P. Klerks & D. Griffis, 22 Jan 1995 (ULLZ 10207); immature female (11.0 mm), mature male (4.0 mm), ex left branchial chamber of female C. islagrande (10.8 mm CL), Gulf side of beach, Isla Dernièrs, Louisiana, coll. R. B. Griffis & T. Zimmerman, 27 Jul 1993 (ULLZ 10199); female (11.0 mm), ex left branchial chamber female C. islagrande (10.1 mm CL), Gulf side of beach, Isle Dernièrs, Louisiana, coll. R. B. Griffis, D. L. Felder & T. McTigue, 19 Oct 1993 (ULLZ 10209); immature female (3.0 mm), ex left branchial chamber of immature C. islagrande (5.0 mm CL), immature female (3.7 mm), mature male (2.3 mm, on SEM stub, USNM 1459848 ex ULLZ 10198), ex left branchial chamber of immature C. islagrande (5.0 mm CL), immature female (3.5 mm), mature male (2.0 mm), ex right branchial chamber of female C. islagrande (6.5 mm CL), immature female (3.5 mm), mature male (2.2 mm, on SEM stub, USNM 145 9848 ex ULLZ 10198), ex right branchial chamber of female C. islagrande (5.0 mm CL), access road #3, near Fish Pass, low tide, morning, Mustang Island, Texas, coll. D. L. Felder & L. Bilodeau, 1 Mar 2000 (ULLZ 10198); ovigerous female (12.0 mm), mature male (4.5 mm), ex C. islagrande (host not in vial with parasites), Gulf side, Isle Dernièrs, Louisiana, coll. D. L. Felder & R. B. Griffis, 24 Jul 1992 (ULLZ 10210); ovigerous female (11.0 mm), mature male (4.5 mm), ex left branchial chamber of female C. santarosaensis Sakai and Türkay, 2012 (11.4 mm CL), bay side, Isle Dernièrs, Louisiana, coll. A. Christian, D. Badgwill, R. B. Griffis & I. A. Griffis, 22 Jan 1993 (ULLZ 10204). Distribution. Gulf of Mexico from west coast of Florida to Texas, U.S.A., and Tabasco, Mexico. Hosts. Callichirus islagrande (Schmitt, 1935) (type species) and C. santarosaensis Sakai & Türkay, 2012. Remarks. The present material of R. overstreeti n. comb. (Figs. 9, 10) matches that of Adkison & Heard (1995), who provided a detailed description of the species. Although they did not show the ventral view of the male, Adkison & Heard (1995) indicated that the pleopods were “vestigial or absent, represented by low mounds mesal to lateral processes of pleomeres” as we found in our samples (Fig. 10D). The male pleomeres documented in Adkison & Heard (1995; Fig. 2A) are slightly more elongate and acute than in the present specimens, but this variation is typical for pleopodal morphology in bopyrids. Each male pereopod of R. overstreeti n. comb. has a recurved dactylus, the distal end of which touches the base of the propodus and is surrounded by a low ridge of tooth-like projections (Fig. 10B, C). The female R. overstreeti n. comb. examined with SEM (Fig. 9) is not fully mature, thus has reduced oostegites and, proportionally, somewhat longer and thinner pleopods and uropods than the holotype (Adkison & Heard, 1995; Fig. 1B). Female and male antennae (Figs. 9B, 10B) have the same numbers of articles as in the original description (3 and 4 for females; 3 and 5 for males). Female R. overstreeti n. comb. have pereopods with elongate carpi and a large irregular, infolded mass on the dorsal surface of each of the bases (Fig. 9C, D), all pereopodal segments covered with scales (Fig. 9C–F). Felder & Dworschak (2015) discussed in detail the nomenclatural issues surrounding the name C. santarosaensis, which is now used for Gulf of Mexico populations of the Callichirus species formerly called C. major (Say, 1818), but which is distinct from that Atlantic coastal species. This is the first record of “ Pseudione ” overstreeti from C. santarosaensis (either under that name or as C. major). Adkison & Heard (1995) examined several hundred C. santarosaensis (as C. major) and found no bopyrids on them; it is not clear where their specimens were collected from, but based on the material examined list for P. overstreeti, they probably came from Alabama or Mississippi.Published as part of Boyko, Christopher B., Williams, Jason D. & Shields, Jeffrey D., 2017, Parasites (Isopoda: Epicaridea and Nematoda) from ghost and mud shrimp (Decapoda: Axiidea and Gebiidea) with descriptions of a new genus and a new species of bopyrid isopod and clarification of Pseudione Kossmann, 1881, pp. 251-301 in Zootaxa 4365 (3) on pages 279-282, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4365.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/111798
Representative bopyroid and cryptoniscoid isopods, a selection of body forms.
No full text<p>A) <i>Pseudione quasimodo</i> Boyko & Williams, 2004 (Bopyridae: Pseudioninae), female dorsal view; B) <i>Pseudione quasimodo</i>, male dorsal view; C) <i>Dactylokepon semipennatus</i> Bourdon, 1983 (Bopyridae: Ioninae), female dorsal view; D) <i>Minimathelges nanus</i> Boyko & Williams, 2003 (Bopyridae: Athelginae), female dorsal view; E) <i>Minimathelges nanus</i>, male dorsal view; F) <i>Hemiarthrus surculus</i> Boyko & Williams, 2004 (Bopyridae: Hemiarthrinae), female dorsal view; G) <i>Entophilus mirabiledictu</i> Markham & Dworschak, 2005 (Bopyridae: Entophilinae), female dorsal view; H) <i>Entophilus mirabiledictu</i>, male dorsal view; I, <i>Heterophryxus appendiculatus</i> G. O. Sars, 1885 (Dajidae), female dorsal view, with male attached; J) <i>Heterophryxus appendiculatus</i>, male dorsal view; K) <i>Paguritherium alatum</i> Reinhard, 1945 (Entoniscidae), female lateral view, with enclosing sheath removed. L) <i>Paguritherium alatum</i>, male lateral view; M) <i>Cabirops bombyliophila</i> Williams & Boyko, 2004 (Cabiropidae), female lateral view; N) <i>Cabirops bombyliophila</i>, male dorsal view; O) <i>Crinoniscus politosummus</i> Hosie, 2008 (Crinoniscidae), female lateral view; P) <i>Danalia curvata</i> (Fraisse, 1878) (Cryptoniscidae), female lateral view; Q) <i>Hemioniscus balani</i> Buchholz, 1866 (Hemioniscidae), juvenile female dorsal view; R) <i>Hemioniscus pagurophilus</i> Williams & Boyko, 2006 (Hemioniscidae), male dorsal view. (A, B, F, from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0035350#pone.0035350-Boyko4" target="_blank">[83]</a>; C from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0035350#pone.0035350-Bourdon2" target="_blank">[84]</a>; D, E from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0035350#pone.0035350-Boyko5" target="_blank">[85]</a>; G, H from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0035350#pone.0035350-Markham2" target="_blank">[37]</a>; I, J from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0035350#pone.0035350-Shimomura1" target="_blank">[86]</a>; K, L from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0035350#pone.0035350-Reinhard2" target="_blank">[87]</a>; M, N from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0035350#pone.0035350-Williams5" target="_blank">[88]</a>; O from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0035350#pone.0035350-Hosie1" target="_blank">[21]</a>; P, Q from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0035350#pone.0035350-Trilles1" target="_blank">[8]</a>; R from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0035350#pone.0035350-Williams1" target="_blank">[28]</a>). Scale bars: A, C, F = 1 mm; B, O, M = 0.5 mm; D, H, R = 0.25 mm; E = 0.075 mm; G = 2 mm; I, J = 0.3 mm; N = 0.15 mm; rest not to scale.</p
Albunea speciosa Dana 1852
No full text<i>Albunea speciosa</i> Dana, 1852 <p> <i>Albunea speciosa</i>. — Davie, 2002: 27. — Boyko, 2002: 230 –238, figs. 75, 76 (full synonymy). — Eldredge and Evenhuis, 2003: 16. — McLaughlin <i>et al.</i> 2005: 240 (list). — Poupin, 2005: 21 (list).</p> <p> <b>Material examined. Mariana Islands, Guam</b>: northwest coast, Ritidian channel, right in front of channel at the beach, rubble area in sand, 13°39.153’N, 144°51.164’E, 20 m depth, coll. L. Kirkendale, 21 Jun 2002: 1 female, 5.9 mm cl (FLMNH UF 3117). <b>U.S.A., Hawaii:</b> sand, Oahu, coll. Unknown, Oct 2006 (FLMNH UF 11993).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Mascarene Island (Réunion), Seychelles, Maldives, Australia (Western Australia), Loyalty Islands, Japan, Society Islands, Mariana Islands (Guam), Marquesas Islands, U.S.A. (Hawaii), in 3.0– 34 m depth (Boyko 2002, Paulay <i>et al.</i> 2003).</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> The Guam specimen was first reported by Paulay <i>et al.</i> (2003).</p>Published as part of <i>Boyko, Christopher B., 2010, New records and taxonomic data for 14 species of sand crabs (Crustacea: Anomura: Albuneidae) from localities worldwide, pp. 49-61 in Zootaxa 2555</i> on page 52, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/196904">10.5281/zenodo.196904</a>
Pleurocryptella altalis Williams & Boyko & Marin 2020, sp. nov.
No full textPleurocryptella altalis sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 65006984-C3F1-4C31-ABEF-8225A15F921E Figs 1–3 “C параЗИтИческой ИЗоподой под карапаксом” – Birstein & Zarenkov 1970: 423, fig. 1. “parasitic isopod” – Birstein & Zarenkov 1972: 442, fig. 1. “bopyrid parasite” – Boyko et al. 2012: 25, table 1. — Marin 2020: 2, figs 1a, 17f. Etymology Combination of Latin words ‘ altum ’ (‘deep’) and ‘ alis ’ (‘pertaining to’) in reference to its occurrence at the greatest depth known for any bopyrid species. Type material Holotype KURIL-KAMCHATKA TRENCH • ♀ (10.4 mm TL) from right branchial chamber of ♂ Munidopsis petalorhyncha Baba, 2005 (21.0 mm CL, 15 mm CW, ZMMU Ma 3504); 39 th cruise of R/V ‘ Vityaz ’, stn 5621, Sigsbee trawl; 45°18′ N, 156°00′ E; depth 5060–5130 m; 17 Aug. 1966; ZMMU Mс 1420. Allotype KURIL-KAMCHATKA TRENCH • 1 ♂ (4.3 mm TL); same collection data as for holotype; ZMMU Mс 1421. Description Female (Figs 1B, 2) Body length 10.4 mm, maximum width 6.8 mm across pereomere 3, head length 1.9 mm, head width 3.0 mm. Body ovoid, pereon very slightly deflexed dextrally (Figs 1B, 2A), all body regions and pereomeres distinctly segmented. Head subrectangular, broader than long, with frontal lamina extending beyond pereomere 1 and rounded extensions laterally (Fig. 2A), eyes lacking. Barbula with two long, thin, tapering lateral lobes, subequal in length (Fig. 2C).Antennules of three articles each, terminal article minute, setose; antennae of five articles each, terminal article setose (Fig. 2D). Maxilliped (Fig. 2E) with minute setae, most prominent on distal margin, short subacute spur; segmented subcylindrical palp present, with stout setae. Oostegite 1 (Fig. 2 F–G) proximal lobe ovate, distal lobe approximately 50% narrower than proximal lobe, internal ridge smooth (Fig. 2G). Pereon of seven pereomeres (Fig. 2A), broadest across pereomere 3, gradually tapering anteriorly and posteriorly; pereomere 1 with convex posterior margin corresponding with posterior margin of head; pereomeres 2–4 straight, pereomeres 5–7 wavy, with progressively greater median concavity and crenulate margins (Fig. 2A). Coxal plates and dorsolateral bosses on pereomeres 1–5 (Fig. 2A), pereomeres 2–3 with weakly produced tergal projections on right side (Fig. 2A). Oostegites incompletely enclosing marsupium (Fig. 2B), last two pairs of oostegites reduced, plate-like, with setae on margins (Fig. 2L). Pereopods subequal (Fig. 2 F–K), with small dactyli and broad bases, setae on all articles except bases; first pair at sides of head, others evenly spaced. Pleon with six pleomeres including pleotelson (Fig. 2B, M). Pleomeres 1–4 with biramous, digitiform pleopods, appearing as two stacked articles; pleomere 5 with uniramous, irregularly shaped pleopods; uropods (Fig. 2M) uniramous, tapering distally, directed distolaterally, extending just beyond anal cone. Male (Figs 1 B–C, 3) Length 4.3 mm, maximum width 1.7 mm, head length 0.5 mm, head width 1.3 mm, pleon length 1.2 mm. Head hemispherical, widest at posterior margin, distinct from pereomere 1 (Figs 1 B–C, 3A–B), eyes lacking. Antennules of three articles each, terminal article setose (Fig. 3C); antennae of five articles each, basal three articles with rounded extensions, distal three articles setose (Fig. 3D). Maxilliped bisegmented (Fig. 3E), basal segments small, subrectangular, distal segment elongate with two short, stout setae and four longer, thinner setae on distal end. Pereomere 4 broadest, others tapering slightly anteriorly and posteriorly (Figs 1 B–C, 3A–B). Pereomeres 1–4 approximately straight, pereomeres 5–7 directed posterolaterally, distolateral margins of all pereomeres rounded. Pereopods 1 and 2 (Fig. 3A, F) each with long, curved dactylus extending to carpus; propodus large, broad; carpus and merus small, rounded; ischium and basis elongate; all articles, except dactylus and basis, with small setae. Pereopods 3–7 (Fig. 3A, G–H) subequal, all with shorter dactyli than pereopods 1 and 2, other articles similar to pereopods 1 and 2, bases with slight distal bulge. Pleon (Figs 1C, 3A, I) of six pleomeres, pleomeres 5–6 curved anteriorly, sides of all pereomeres curled ventrally and overlapping. Broad midventral tubercles on pleomeres 1–4, reduced one on pleomere 5 (Fig. 3A, I), small, low, rounded pleopods on pleomeres 1–5, mostly obscured by curled lateral margins of pleomeres (Fig. 3I). Pleotelson bearing articulated, triangular-shaped uropods (Fig. 3A, I) extending beyond anal cone. Note on host identification The host was originally identified as the holotype of Munidopsis subsquamosa latimana Birstein & Zarenkov, 1970, but, because that name is a junior homonym of M. latimana Miyake & Baba, 1966, Baba (2005) proposed the replacement name M. petalorhyncha Baba, 2005. Remarks The new species appears most closely related to Pleurocryptella formosa and P. wolffi. Males of these three species all have low, broad midventral tubercles on pleomeres 1–4 that cover nearly all of the space between the pleopods, whereas males of all other species in the genus have small, semispherical tubercles on the pleomeres that do not cover the space between the pleopods. Both sexes of Pleurocryptella altalis sp. nov. are distinguishable from those of P. formosa and P. wolffi. Males of P. altalis sp. nov. have the lateral margins of the pleomeres curled laterally and covering the pleopods in ventral view (also curled in P. wolffi, but splayed laterally and pleopods visible in ventral view in P. formosa), the head nearly as broad as pleomere 1 (also as broad in P. wolffi but much narrower than pleomere 1 in P. formosa), and the uropods larger than pleopod 5 (uropods smaller than pleopod 5 in P. wolffi and the same size as pleopod 5 in P. formosa). Females of P. altalis sp. nov. have the barbula with two acute, slender lobes of approximately the same length (barbula with outer lobe tapered but much broader, inner lobe much shorter than outer and rounded in P. wolffi and P. formosa), pleopod 5 less than half as large as pleopod 4 and uniramous (pleopod 5 more than half as large as pleopod 4 and biramous in P. wolffi and P. formosa), and pleomeres smoothly curved with pleomere 5 not surrounding pleotelson (pleomeres smoothly curved, but surrounding pleotelson in P. wolffi and not smoothly curved (angular middle portion) and not surrounding pleotelson in P. formosa).Published as part of Williams, Jason D., Boyko, Christopher B. & Marin, Ivan N., 2020, A new species and depth record of bopyrid (Crustacea, Isopoda) from a squat lobster in the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench, pp. 122-133 in European Journal of Taxonomy 724 on pages 124-127, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.724.1165, http://zenodo.org/record/562758
Boreas uglowi Cumberlidge and Sternberg 2002
No full text<i>Boreas uglowi</i> Cumberlidge and Sternberg, 2002 <p>(figures 3B, 5)</p> <p> <i>Madagapotamon ankaraharae</i> Bott, 1965 (part): 347–348, figure 9d, e, pl. 5, figures 23–25 (not figure 9a–c).</p> <p> <i>Boreas uglowi</i> Cumberlidge and Sternberg, 2002: 75–77, figures 2D, 3G, 4L, 5H, 6L, 7Q, R, 8E, 10A, B, 11L, tables 1 –4.</p> <p> <i>Material examined.</i> <b>Madagascar</b>: one male (FMNH 5732). One subadult female (cw 27.1 mm) (FMNH 6709).</p> <p> <i>Type locality.</i> Nosy Be, Madagascar.</p> <p> <i>Distribution</i>. <i>Boreas uglowi</i> is known only from three localities: Nosy Be, Nosy Komba and near Antsiranana city (Cumberlidge and Sternberg, 2002), all in the extreme north of Madagascar in Antsiranana Province (figures 3B, 5).</p> <p> <i>Conservation status. Boreas uglowi</i> is restricted to the extreme north-western part of the island. It is known only from a few specimens, and little is known of its ecology. The specimens reported on here represent the first new material to be collected for more than 80 years. Its conservation status is extremely rare/highly endangered (table 1). If this is a forest-dwelling species, then the locality on Nosy Be may be from the Réserve Naturelle Intégrale de Lokobe, which would afford some protection to this species.</p> <p> <i>Remarks.</i> It has been brought to our attention that the genus name <i>Boreas</i> is preocuppied by <i>Boreas</i> Morris, 1980, a genus of hippothoid bryozoan. A request to change the genus name of <i>Boreas</i> Cumberlidge and Sternberg, 2002, which is a junior homonym, to <i>Boreasamon</i> Cumberlidge and Sternberg, 2002 is in preparation.</p>Published as part of <i>Cumberlidge, N., Reed, S. K. & Boyko, C. B., 2004, Distribution patterns of the Malagasy freshwater crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura), pp. 1133-1157 in Journal of Natural History 38</i> on page 115
Pseudioninae Codreanu 1967
No full textKey to genera of Pseudioninae Codreanu, 1967, with species infesting hermit crabs <p> 1. Females with rudimentary oostegites on pereomeres VI and VII......................... <i>Pagurocryptella</i> Boyko & Williams, 2010</p> <p>– Females lacking rudimentary oostegites on pereomeres VI and VII............................................................................................2</p> <p>2. Females usually greatly distorted, typically 90° or more (if not distorted then with propodal sockets on pereopods)..............3</p> <p>– Females less distorted (generally <70°) or nearly symmetrical, lacking propodal sockets on pereopods..................................5</p> <p>3. Females with some biramous pleopods..................................4</p> <p> – Females with no biramous pleopods....................................................................................... <i>Bopyrophryxus</i> Codreanu, 1965</p> <p> 4. Females with propodal sockets on pereopods, first two pereopods much larger than the others........................................................................ <i>Asymmetrione</i> Codreanu, Codreanu & Pike, 1965</p> <p> – Females without propodal sockets on pereopods, pereopods subequal in size.................................................................................................. <i>Parasymmetrione</i> An, Markham & Yu, 2010</p> <p>5. Females with biramous uropods.............................................6</p> <p>– Females with uniramous uropods or lacking uropods...........7</p> <p> 6. Females with 6 pairs of pleonal lateral plates........................................................................................ <i>Pagurion</i> Shiino, 1933</p> <p> – Females with 5 pairs of pleonal lateral plates................................................................................ <i>Parapagurion</i> Shiino, 1933</p> <p>7. Females with pleomere 6 ventrally displaced, not visible in dorsal view..............................................................................8</p> <p>– Females with pleomere 6 not ventrally displaced, visible in dorsal view..............................................................................9</p> <p> 8. Males with uniramous pleopods................................................................... <i>Bopyrissa</i> Nierstrasz & Brender à Brandis, 1931</p> <p> – Males with biramous pleopods <i>.....</i> <i>Propseudione</i> Shiino, 1933</p> <p>9. Females with pleopod 5 uniramous......................................10</p> <p> – Females with pleopod 5 biramous...... <i>Eremitione</i>, new genus</p> <p> 10. F e m a l e s w i t h p l e o p o d s 1 a n d 2 b i r a m o u s, 3 a n d 4 uniramous....................................... <i>Pseudionella</i> Shiino, 1949</p> <p> – Females with pleopods 1–4 biramous................................................. <i>Parapseudione</i> Nierstrasz & Brender à Brandis, 1931</p>Published as part of <i>Williams, Jason D., Boyko, Christopher B. & Madad, Asma Z., 2019, Branchial parasitic isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda: Bopyridae: Pseudioninae) of hermit crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Diogenidae) from the western Pacific, with descriptions of a new genus and three new species, pp. 83-118 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 67</i> on page 85, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2019-0008, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5343344">http://zenodo.org/record/5343344</a>
On computing joint invariants of vector fields
No full textA constructive version of the Frobenius integrability theorem-that can be programmed effectively-is given. This is used in computing invariants of groups of low ranks and recover examples from a recent paper of Boyko etal. (2009).Scopu
SegmentR: Deep learning for automated segmentation with an R interface
No full textThe increasing digitization of biological data has generated biodiversity data at an unprecedented scale. However, extracting phenotypic information from these images poses unique challenges for biologists. Manual image segmentation is time-consuming and can be subjective, while existing automated solutions often require extensive coding experience or utilize coding languages not typically used by practicing ecologists and evolutionary biologists. Here, I present SegmentR, a user-friendly software package that leverages two state-of-the-art deep learning models – GroundinDINO and an efficient version of the Segment Anything Model (SAM). The SegmentR package provides an R-based interface, making it more accessible to biologists without coding experience. SegmentR allows users to load images, automatically segment them based on text prompts, and extract regions of interest for downstream analysis. The package includes basic visualization and data processing functions to facilitate interpretation of the results and integration with existing analytical workflows. This paper introduces SegmentR's features and demonstrates its utility through examples including isolating fish anatomy, batch processing flower images for color analysis, and segmenting museum specimens
Purifying Selection in Deeply Conserved Human Enhancers Is More Consistent than in Coding Sequences
No full text(c) 2014 De Silva et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Shaping decisions and processes for more sustainable urban environments
No full textTo know whether eco-cities or, indeed, any so-called sustainable urban environment, will be successful, an understanding is needed about how such places 'come into being'. Understanding how decisions have been made, who makes them and when and how they are made is crucial to ensuring that the 'right' people have been involved at 'right' time. In describing and visualizing this, we are providing a framework-in this case, an urban design decision-making process-that highlights the stakeholders as well as the tensions, tradeoffs and decisions that need to be made in the name of shaping sustainable developments. This paper presents the findings from a large-scale research project about sustainable urban design decision-making and the 24-hour city. Through in-depth, case study research in three UK cities, the work identified and visualized a new framework for the urban design decision-making process as well as making crucial connections to urban form, the urban experience and urban policy. The project is described, highlighting the multi-disciplinary team approach and the diverse areas explored within the project. The three case study cities are then discussed briefly, followed by some of the distinct, area-focused results as well as some the integrated findings. In particular, the improved urban design process will be explained along with a description of some of the tools and techniques developed for urban design decision-makers
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