812 research outputs found
Petroleum desalting by electrically pulverized rinsing water
No full textA method of preparing petroleum and rinsing water emulsion using electric pulverization is described. The influence of various factors on the process of electric pulverization was studied in laboratory electropulverizing devices (EPD) with different lay out and configuration of electrodes. It is shown that by increasing electric field intensity, the size of water drops introduced into petroleum can be varied from a hundred to several micrometers with high degree of their monodispersion. It is ascertained that with an increase in electric conductivity the mean diameter of water drops reduces insignificantly. The emulsion dispersion does not depend on petroleum electric coductivity. With a decrease in interphase tension the mean size of drops in dispersed phase decreases. The possibility to improve petroleum desalting using EPD with required distribution of rinsing water drops over sizes is confirmed
Petroleum desalting by electrically pulverized rinsing water
No full textA method of preparing petroleum and rinsing water emulsion using electric pulverization is described. The influence of various factors on the process of electric pulverization was studied in laboratory electropulverizing devices (EPD) with different lay out and configuration of electrodes. It is shown that by increasing electric field intensity, the size of water drops introduced into petroleum can be varied from a hundred to several micrometers with high degree of their monodispersion. It is ascertained that with an increase in electric conductivity the mean diameter of water drops reduces insignificantly. The emulsion dispersion does not depend on petroleum electric coductivity. With a decrease in interphase tension the mean size of drops in dispersed phase decreases. The possibility to improve petroleum desalting using EPD with required distribution of rinsing water drops over sizes is confirmed
Firms and public service provision in Russia
No full textThis paper reports first results from a survey of 404 middle-sized and large manufacturing firms from 40 Russian regions in April-June 2003. We examine the extent of social service and infrastructure provision by the firms and the firms’ assessment of the quality of public infrastructure and the regulatory environment. Background information of ownership, investment, performance, competition, and finance decisions of the firms is also gathered. The data reveal that despite major divestments of social services during 1990s, a great majority of firms still provide at least some form of social services. For example, 56% of the firms have their own housing or support local housing, and 73% of the firms have recreation facilities or support employee’s recreation activities. While managers view the social service provision as non-essential and costly, many of the firms continue to provide these services, even to users other than their own workforce. The quality of public infrastructure is generally assessed as being good or satisfactory; the respondents were the least satisfied with the quality of roads. Over a half of the firms provide their own heat, but mainly due to technological reasons – although public service interruptions do occur – and 24% of the firms give support to the maintenance and construction of public road network. The regulatory burden the firms face continues to be severe. In more than half of the firms, for example, the general manager has to spend more than two weeks in negotiations about public infrastructure with the authorities. These descriptive results indicate that there is still a lot scope for improvement in the quality and quantity of public service provision in Russia. Enterprises are still engaged rather heavily in social service provision, road network would require improvements, and the easing of regulatory burden should continue. Addressing these questions is likely to be vital for the sustainability of investments and growth in Russia. The paper is part of the project “Infrastructure and Welfare Services in Russia: Enterprises as Beneficiaries and Service Providers” financed by the Academy of Finland (project number 200936), the World Bank, and Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation. The project has also received support from the Bank of Finland Institute for Economies in Transition.
Activities of the General Security Committee Under Alexander I
No full textБлагодарности: Тимофееву Дмитрию Владимировичу, доктору исторических наук, профессору кафедры истории России УГИ УрФУ.Acknowledgments: Dmitry V. Timofeev, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Russian History of the UGI UrFU.Работа посвящена деятельности такого органа политического управления Российской империей при Александре I, как Комитет охранения общей безопасности. Автор делает вывод о важности деятельности этого органа в обеспечении внутренней безопасности Российской империи в первой четверти XIX в.The work is devoted to the activities of such a body of political governance of the Russian Empire under Alexander I as the Committee for the Protection of General Security. The author concludes about the importance of the activities of this body in ensuring the internal security of the Russian Empire in the first quarter of the XIX century
FIRMS AND PUBLIC SERVICE PROVISION IN RUSSIA
No full textThis paper reports first results from a survey of 404 middle-sized and large manufacturing firms from 40 Russian regions in April-June 2003. We examine the extent of social service and infrastructure provision by the firms and the firms’ assessment of the quality of public infrastructure and the regulatory environment. Background information of ownership, investment, performance, competition, and finance decisions of the firms is also gathered. The data reveal that despite major divestments of social services during 1990s, a great majority of firms still provide at least some form of social services. For example, 56% of the firms have their own housing or support local housing, and 73% of the firms have recreation facilities or support employee’s recreation activities. While managers view the social service provision as non-essential and costly, many of the firms continue to provide these services, even to users other than their own workforce. The quality of public infrastructure is generally assessed as being good or satisfactory; the respondents were the least satisfied with the quality of roads. Over a half of the firms provide their own heat, but mainly due to technological reasons – although public service interruptions do occur – and 24% of the firms give support to the maintenance and construction of public road network. The regulatory burden the firms face continues to be severe. In more than half of the firms, for example, the general manager has to spend more than two weeks in negotiations about public infrastructure with the authorities. These descriptive results indicate that there is still a lot scope for improvement in the quality and quantity of public service provision in Russia. Enterprises are still engaged rather heavily in social service provision, road network would require improvements, and the easing of regulatory burden should continue. Addressing these questions is likely to be vital for the sustainability of investments and growth in Russia.
Firms and public service provision in Russia
No full textThis paper reports first results from a survey of 404 middle-sized and large manufacturing firms from 40 Russian regions in April-June 2003. We examine the extent of social service and infrastructure provision by the firms and the firms’ assessment of the quality of public infrastructure and the regulatory environment. Background information of ownership, investment, performance, competition, and finance decisions of the firms is also gathered. The data reveal that despite major divestments of social services during 1990s, a great majority of firms still provide at least some form of social services. For example, 56% of the firms have their own housing or support local housing, and 73% of the firms have recreation facilities or support employee’s recreation activities. While managers view the social service provision as non-essential and costly, many of the firms continue to provide these services, even to users other than their own workforce. The quality of public infrastructure is generally assessed as being good or satisfactory; the respondents were the least satisfied with the quality of roads. Over a half of the firms provide their own heat, but mainly due to technological reasons – although public service interruptions do occur – and 24% of the firms give support to the maintenance and construction of public road network. The regulatory burden the firms face continues to be severe. In more than half of the firms, for example, the general manager has to spend more than two weeks in negotiations about public infrastructure with the authorities. These descriptive results indicate that there is still a lot scope for improvement in the quality and quantity of public service provision in Russia. Enterprises are still engaged rather heavily in social service provision, road network would require improvements, and the easing of regulatory burden should continue. Addressing these questions is likely to be vital for the sustainability of investments and growth in Russia. The paper is part of the project “Infrastructure and Welfare Services in Russia: Enterprises as Beneficiaries and Service Providers” financed by the Academy of Finland (project number 200936), the World Bank, and Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation. The project has also received support from the Bank of Finland Institute for Economies in Transition.
Creation of the System of Management of the Retinue of the H. I. M. for the Quartermaster Part on the Eve of the Patriotic War of 1812
No full textРабота посвящена истории создания системы центрального управления Свитой Е. И. В. по квартирмейстерской части накануне Отечественной войны 1812 г. Автор доказывает, что данная мера позволила приступить к осуществлению кардинальных преобразований в ведомстве, благодаря которым квартирмейстерская часть достойно показала себя во время войны.The work is devoted to the history of the Central management system the Retinue of H. I. M. for the quartermaster part on the eve of the Patriotic war of 1812. The author proves that this measure made it possible to start implementing drastic changes in the department, thanks to which the quartermaster unit showed itself worthily during the war
Formation of a system of central management of military educational institutions during the reign of Nicholay I
No full textThe article deals with the problem of organizing the central management of military educational institutions during the reign of Nicholay I. This process was associated with the unification of curricula and the introduction of uniformity in the structure of institutions. The author notes great progress in this direction, but points to the incompleteness of the process in several aspects.В статье рассматривается проблема организации центрального управления военно-учебными заведениями в период правления Николая I. Этот процесс был связан с унификацией учебных планов и введением единообразия в структуре заведений. Автором отмечаются большие успехи в этом направлении, но указывается на незавершенность процесса по ряду аспектов
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