121,393 research outputs found
Supplementary material 1 from: Huo L, Li W, Wang X (2017) Pseudaspidimerus palatus, a new species of the genus Pseudaspidimerus Kapur, 1948 from the Malay Peninsula (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). ZooKeys 706: 109-115. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.706.18081
No full textSupplementary material 1 from: Huo L, Li W, Wang X (2017) Pseudaspidimerus palatus, a new species of the genus Pseudaspidimerus Kapur, 1948 from the Malay Peninsula (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). ZooKeys 706: 109-115. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.706.1808
Inter-layer FEC aided unequal error protection for multi-layer video transmission in mobile TV
No full textLayered video coding creates multiple layers of unequal importance, which enables us to progressively refine the reconstructed video quality. When the base layer (BL) is corrupted or lost during transmission, the enhancement layers (ELs) must be dropped, regardless whether they are perfectly decoded or not, which implies that the transmission power assigned to the ELs is wasted. In this treatise, we propose an interlayer forward error correction (FEC) coded video transmission scheme for mobile TV. At the transmitter, the proposed interlayer (IL) coding technique implants the systematic information of the BL into the ELs by using exclusive-OR operations. At the receiver, the implanted bits of the ELs may be utilized for assisting in decoding the BL. Furthermore, the data partition mode of H.264 video coding is utilized as the source encoder, where the type B and type C partitions will assist in protecting the type A partition. The IL coded bitstream will then be modulated and transmitted over a multi-functional multiple-input multiple output (MF-MIMO) scheme for the sake of improving the system’s performance in mobile environments. The proposed system may be readily combined with the traditional unequal error protection (UEP) technique, where extrinsic mutual information (MI) measurements are used for characterizing the performance of our proposed technique. Finally, our simulation results show that the proposed system model outperforms the traditional UEP aided system by about 2.5 dB of Eb/N0 or 3.4 dB of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) at the cost of 21% complexity increase, when employing a recursive systematic convolutional code. Furthermore, unlike the traditional UEP strategies, where typically stronger FEC-protection is assigned to the more important layer, employing our proposed IL coding technique requires weaker FEC to the more important layer. For example, the system relying on channel coding rates of 0.85, 0.44 and 0.44 for the type A, type B and type C H.264 video partitions, respectively, achieves the best system performance when employing a recursive systematic convolutional (RSC) code
Psilocybe ningshanensis X. L. He, W. Y. Huo, L. G. Zhang, Y. Liu and J. Z. Li 2022, sp. nov.
No full textPsilocybe ningshanensis X.L. He, W.Y. Huo, L.G. Zhang, Y. Liu and J.Z. Li, sp. nov. (Figs. 2–4) GenBank MW939918 (ITS), MW939916 (LSU), MW939917 (SSU) and MycoBank MB839386 Diagnosis:—The species is characterized by a stipe or pileus turning bluish when bruised, absence of an annulus or veil, a yellowish brown to bright yellow, smooth, slightly sticky, shining pileus, yellowish to dark purple-brown lamellae, hexagonal basidiospores (6.5–) 8.5–10 (–11) × (4–) 5–6 (–6.5) μm, pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia clavateventricose to fusoid-clavate, sometimes sublageniform with slightly long, sinuous neck. Holotype:— CHINA. Shaanxi Province: AnKang City, NingShan County, HuangHua Mountain, growing on woody debris in a subtropical deciduous broad-leaved forest, 1609 m elevation, N33°47’23.1”, E108°51’30.1”, 28 April 2020, W. Y. Huo, L. G. Zhang, Y. Liu et al. 20200025 (SXIM!). Etymology:—‘ningshanensis’ refers to Ningshan County, where the species was discovered. Description:— Pileus 20–30 mm diam, hemispherical when young, then convex to subumbonate with a depressed center when old, yellowish brown to bright yellow; smooth, glabrous, shining, slightly sticky, bluing in older specimen. Lamellae emarginate to emarginate with small tooth, slightly ventricose, moderately crowded, 1–2 tiers of lamellulae, yellowish when young to dark purple-brown at maturity; edges whitish when fresh. Stipe 40–50 mm × 3–5 mm, central, cylindrical, thicker at the apex and slightly enlarged at base, straight or flexuous, hollow, whitish to light yellow when fresh, pale brown when dry, fibrillose, base with white rhizomorphs. Annulus absent. Context whitish to pale yellowish. Turning bluish where bruised. Basidiospores (6.5–) 8.5–10 (–11) × (4–) 5–6 (–6.5) μm, Q = 1.5–1.9, hexagonal with angles in frontal view, oval in side-view, with a wide apical germ pore, wall slightly thick to thick (0.8–1.2 μm), two layers in light microscopy, smooth, no reaction to Melzer’s, yellowish brown in KOH. Basidia 18–24 × 5–9 μm, clavate-ventricose, 4-spored, hyaline. Cheilocystidia (16–) 20–26 (–30) × (4.5–) 5.5–7.5 (–9.5) μm, common, clavate-ventricose to fusoidclavate, narrower near the apex, sometimes sublageniform with slightly long, sinuous neck, thin-walled, hyaline. Pleurocystidia (14.5–) 19–26 (–29) × (5–) 6–8.5 (–10) μm, like the cheilocystidia in form, hyaline. Subhymenium subcellular, composed of irregular round or polygonal cells, hyaline. Hymenophoral trama regular, hyphae 3.5–8 μm diam, thin-walled, hyaline. Pileus trama interwoven, hyphae 7–15 μm diam, thin-walled, hyaline. Pileipellis an ixocutis, consisting of parallel to interwoven hyphae in a dense gelatinous matrix 15–35 µm thick, hyphae 1–3 μm diam, filamentous, hyaline. Stipitipellis a cutis of parallel hyphae, 4–8 μm in diam, wall up to 0.5 μm thick, with pale yellowish contents. Caulocystidia not observed. Clamp-connections present in all tissues. Habit, ecology and distribution:—Solitary on woody debris or decaying wood in the northern subtropical deciduous broad-leaved forest; so far known only from the HuangHua Mountain, China. Additional specimen examined:— CHINA. Shaanxi Province: AnKang City, NingShan County, HuangHua Mountain, 1199 m elevation, 33°47’19.8”N, 109°03’32.9”E, 4 June 2020, X. L. He, W. Y. Huo, Y. Liu et al. 20200037 (SXIM!).Published as part of He, Xue-Lian, Huo, Wen-Yan, Zhang, Li-Guang, Liu, Yu, Qi, Peng, Dai, Lu, Qiao, Ting, Lu, Pengpeng & Li, Jun-Zhi, 2022, Psilocybe ningshanensis (Hymenogastraceae, Agaricales), a new species from China, pp. 175-185 in Phytotaxa 545 (2) on pages 177-178, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/653470
Two-Dimensional Iterative Source-Channel Decoding for Distributed Video Coding
No full textMotivated by the Joint Source-Channel Decoding (JSCD) principle of exploiting the source redundancy, in this treatise we study the application of iterative source-channel decoding (ISCD) conceived for distributed video coding (DVC), where the video signal is modelled by our Iterative Horizontal-Vertical Scanline Model (IHVSM) relying on a first-order Markov process. The IHVSM technique is combined with the classic forward error correction (FEC) codecs employed in the state-of-the-art DVC systems for the sake of reducing the bit rate. Our simulation results show that up to 21.5% bit rate reductions are achieved by employing the proposed ISCD technique in a DVC scheme. Alternatively, a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) gain of 2.2 dB is achieved at a bitrate of 4.5 Mbps when considering the Foreman sequence
Figure 1 from: Huo L, Li W, Wang X (2017) Pseudaspidimerus palatus, a new species of the genus Pseudaspidimerus Kapur, 1948 from the Malay Peninsula (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). ZooKeys 706: 109-115. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.706.18081
No full textFigure 1 -
Pseudaspidimerus palatus Huo & Wang sp. n. a dorsal view b frontal view c lateral view d female abdomen e male abdomen f female genitalia g penis h lateral view of tegmen i ventral view of tegmen
Iterative Source-and-channel decoding aided video communications
No full textShannon’s source-and channel-coding separation theorem states that reliable near-capacity transmission can be accomplished by separate source coding using lossless entropy codes and channel coding under the idealized assumption of Gaussian channels and potentially infinite encoding/decoding delay as well as complexity. However, it is impossible to remove all source redundancy with the aid of practical finite-delay and finite-complexity source encoders. As a remedy, joint source-channel coding (JSCC) has been used for achieving an improved system performance by exploiting the residual source correlation.We propose a novel tree-structured multiple description coding (T-MDC) scheme that may be combined with arbitrary video codecs for the sake of creating multiple video descriptions. The technique advocated splits the original video signal into an appropriately chosen number of correlated descriptions in the time-domain, while retaining the correlation among the video frames within each description. Each description may be encoded using arbitrary video compression tools into a bitstream. T-MDC was also employed in the scenario of multiple description coding for multiview video communications. Furthermore, our proposed scheme is also capable of splitting the video stream into multiple descriptions of unequal importance.Then, a novel inter-layer forward error correction (IL-FEC) coded video scheme is proposed, where the information of the base layer (BL) is incorporated into the systematic bits of the enhancement layers (ELs) with the aid of an exclusive or (XOR) operation. When the BL can be successfully decoded in its own right, the systematic bits of the ELs can be extracted by flipping the sign of the check information received without introducing any degradation, where the check information is generated by performing IL XOR operations on the BL and the ELs. However, when the BL cannot be correctly decoded without the assistance of the ELs, the IL-FEC decoding philosophy exchanging information between the BL and the ELs will be activated to assist in decoding the BL.We then conceive a two-dimensional (2D) iterative Markov process aided decoder for a video receiver, which may be combined with channel decoding. Furthermore, a reduced complexity first-order Markov model based source decoder will be derived. Iterative decoding is performed by exchanging extrinsic information between two source decoders. Explicitly, we propose the first-order Markov process aided three-dimensional (3D) iterative source channel decoding (ISCD) concept relying on an recursive systematic convolutional (RSC) codec invoked for uncompressed video transmissions, where both the horizontal and vertical intra-frame correlations as well as the inter frame correlations are exploited. The proposed technique is capable of exploiting both the intra-frame and inter-frame correlations for iterative source-channel decoding.Finally, we study the application of ISCD conceived for distributed video coding (DVC), where the video signals are modelled by a first-order Markov process. A horizontal and a vertical source decoder are employed for exchanging their information using the iterative decoding philosophy. This scheme may be combined with the entire suite of classic FEC codecs employed in state-of-the-art DVC systems. We benchmark the attainable system performance against that of the existing pixeldomain Wyner-Ziv (PDWZ) video coding systems. Finally, we exploit the inter-view correlation with the aid of inter-view motion search in distributed multi-view video coding (DMVC). We rely on the system architecture of WZ coding invoked for multiview video. We construct a novel mesh-structured pixel-correlation model from the inter-view motion vectors (MVs) and derive its decoding rules for joint source-channel decoding (JSCD). The proposed system was benchmarked against the existing PDWZ coding based DMVC scheme
Inter-layer turbo coded unequal error protection for multi-layer video transmission
No full textIn layered video streaming, the enhancement layers (ELs) must be discarded by the video decoder, when the base layer (BL) is corrupted or lost due to channel impairments. This implies that the transmit power assigned to the ELs is wasted, when the BL is corrupted. To combat this effect, in this treatise we investigate the inter-layer turbo (IL-turbo) code, where the systematic bits of the BL are implanted into the systematic bits of the ELs at the transmitter. At the receiver, when the BL cannot be successfully decoded, the information of the ELs may be utilized by the IL-turbo decoder for the sake of assisting in decoding the BL. Moreover, for providing further insights into the IL technique the benefits of the IL-turbo scheme are analyzed using extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) charts in the scenario of unequal error protection (UEP) coded layered video transmission. Finally, our data partitioning based experiments show that the proposed scheme outperforms the traditional turbo code based UEP scheme by about an Eb/N0 of 1.1 dB at a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 36 dB or 3 dB of PSNR at an Eb/N0 of -5.5 dB at the cost of a complexity increase of 13%
Supplementary_Table - Older adults’ empathy and daily support exchanges
No full textSupplementary_Table for Older adults’ empathy and daily support exchanges by Meng Huo, Jamie L. Fuentecilla, Kira S. Birditt, and Karen L. Fingerman in Journal of Social and Personal Relationships</p
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