129 research outputs found
John Parris at Snug Harbor
No full textSnug Harbor, located on Park Street in downtown Canton, is an exclusive clubhouse for Champion retirees who are now Lifetime Champions. In 1957 John Parris (at podium), popular author and columnist from Sylva and honorary member of Snug Harbor, joined the annual potato roasting festivities and entertained with storytelling. More information about this photograph can be found in Champion publication The Log. Click the link in the “Related Materials” field to view the article on page 19
Task conflict in the Stroop task: When Stroop interference decreases as Stroop facilitation increases in a low task conflict context.
No full textIn the present study participants completed two blocks of the Stroop task, one in which the response-stimulus interval (RSI) was 3500 ms and one in which RSI was 200 ms. It was expected that, in line with previous research, the shorter RSI would induce a low Task Conflict context by increasing focus on the color identification goal in the Stroop task and lead to a novel finding of an increase in facilitation and simultaneous decrease in interference. Such a finding would be problematic for models of Stroop effects that predict these indices of performance should be affected in tandem. A crossover interaction is reported supporting these predictions. As predicted, the shorter RSI resulted in incongruent and congruent trial reaction times (RTs) decreasing relative to a static neutral baseline condition; hence interference decreased as facilitation increased. An explanatory model (expanding on the work of Goldfarb and Henik, 2007) is presented that: (1) Shows how under certain conditions the predictions from single mechanism models hold true (i.e., when Task conflict is held constant); (2) Shows how it is possible that interference can be affected by an experimental manipulation that leaves facilitation apparently untouched; and (3) Predicts that facilitation cannot be independently affected by an experimental manipulation
Best-Selling Author Ron Rash to Visit GWU
Get PDFGardner-Webb University alumnus and best-selling author Ron Rash is set to visit GWU as he gains worldwide attention for “Serena,” his novel that was adapted into a feature film set to premiere next month. Rash will visit the campus Oct. 3 to give the keynote address at the Appalachian Writers Association’s annual awards banquet, part of the Southern Appalachian Culture Series conference hosted at Gardner-Webb. The 1976 GWU alum, also currently the John Parris Distinguished Professor of Appalachian Studies at Western Carolina University, will discuss Appalachian writing and read from some of his works.
WGWG: Catch Up with Ron Rashhttps://digitalcommons.gardner-webb.edu/gardner-webb-newscenter-archive/2320/thumbnail.jp
Training community health nurses to measure parent–child interaction: a mixed-methods study
No full text© 2019 The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. Background: This study aims to determine whether the Parental Responsiveness Rating Scale (PaRRiS) completed at child age 24-30 months can be used by community child health nurses (CCHNs) to reliably measure the quality of parent-child interactions in practice. Methods: A mixed-methods design was used involving CCHNs working in public health settings. Five CCHNs recruited from the North-East of England were trained to use PaRRiS. Thirty parent-child dyads attending their routine 24-30-month check were observed. Nurses rated parent-child dyads during 5 min of free-play using PaRRiS. The free-play sessions were video recorded and rated blind by the first author to the nurse observation. Semi-structured phone interviews were conducted with the five CCHNs once observations of parent-child interactions were complete. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, anonymized and thematically analyzed. Results: Two-thirds of participating parents were mothers. Half the families (15/30) were from the 10% most deprived areas based on the English Index of Multiple Deprivation. The average PaRRiS score was 3.03 [standard deviation (SD) = 0.8; all ratings were <5.0]. Reliability between the first author ('gold standard') and CCHNs was excellent [Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC): 0.85; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67-0.93]. CCHNs found PaRRiS aligned well with current practice and was acceptable to parents. There was no evidence of a relationship between social disadvantage and PaRRiS scores. Conclusions: With further development and evaluation work, PaRRiS could potentially be incorporated into existing universal health services to provide child health nurses with an additional tool for identifying families most likely to be in need of parent-child interaction interventions
Data from: Insect herbivory reshapes a native leaf microbiome
No full textPublication abstract:
Insect herbivory is pervasive in plant communities, but its impact on microbial plant colonizers is not well-studied in natural systems. By calibrating sequencing-based bacterial detection to absolute bacterial load, we find that the within-host abundance of most leaf microbiome (phyllosphere) taxa colonizing a native forb is amplified within leaves impacted by insect herbivory. Herbivore-associated bacterial amplification reflects community-wide compositional shifts towards lower ecological diversity, but the extent and direction of such compositional shifts can be interpreted only by quantifying absolute abundance. Experimentally eliciting anti-herbivore defenses reshaped within-host fitness ranks among Pseudomonas spp. field isolates and amplified a subset of putative P. syringae phytopathogens in a manner causally consistent with observed field-scale patterns. Herbivore damage was inversely correlated with plant reproductive success and was highly clustered across plants, which predicts tight co-clustering with putative phytopathogens across hosts. Insect herbivory may thus drive the epidemiology of plant-infecting bacteria as well as the structure of a native plant microbiome by generating variation in within-host bacterial fitness at multiple phylogenetic and spatial scales. This study emphasizes that 'non-focal' biotic interactions between hosts and other organisms in their ecological settings can be crucial drivers of the population and community dynamics of host-associated microbiomes.A full description of our analysis workflow, as well as when and how these models were used, can be found in our github repository for this project: https://www.github.com/phumph/coinfection
Funding provided by: National Science FoundationCrossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001Award Number: DEB-1309493Funding provided by: National Science FoundationCrossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001Award Number: DEB-1256758This repository contains R data objects (.rds) and text summaries from each of the Bayesian regression models we ran to evaluate the relationship between insect herbivory and the abundance of various bacterial taxonomic groups from our field studies. Please refer to the main text and supplemental information of our manuscript for detailed information on model structure, assumptions, and interpretation. Each model object can be loaded in R and used to, among other things:
output summaries of coefficient posterior estimates
generate samples from the joint posterior of model coefficients
generate samples from the posterior predicted response variable
calculate additional information criteria (e.g., WAIC) and compare amongst model
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The Ecology Of Co-Infection In The Phyllosphere: Unraveling The Interactions Between Microbes, Insect Herbivores, And The Host Plants They Share
No full textInfection by multiple parasites is a part of everyday life for many organisms. The host immune system may be a central mediator of the many ways parasites might influence one another (and their hosts). Immunity provides a means for the colonized to reduce the success of current and future colonizers and has evolved across the tree of life several times independently. Along the way, the immune systems of plants as well as many groups of animals has evolved perhaps an accidental vulnerability wherein defense against one parasite can increase susceptibility to others. This so-called immune 'cross-talk' is a conundrum worth investigating not only to understand the impact of parasites on focal organisms, but also to better predict how immunity itself influences the evolution and epidemiology of parasites whose spread we might like to curtail. For plants, co-infection often comes from insect herbivores and various bacteria that colonize the leaf interior. Both colonizers can reduce plant fitness directly or indirectly by potentiating future enemies via cross-talk in plant immunity. This phenomenon has largely been studied in laboratory model plants, leaving a substantial gap in our knowledge from native species that interact in the wild. This dissertation helps close this gap by investigating the ecology of co-infection of a native plant by its major insect herbivore and diverse leaf-colonizing bacteria. I revealed that leaf co-infection in the field by leaf-mining herbivores and leaf-colonizing ("phyllosphere") bacteria is substantially more common than single infection by either group and that bacterial infection can cause increased feeding by herbivores in the laboratory. Immune cross-talk can also shape the field-scale patterns of herbivory across a native plant population. Studying the main herbivore of this native plant in detail revealed that, in contrast to many specialist herbivores, our focal species avoids plant defenses likely because it does not possess a specialized means of avoiding their toxicity. Nonetheless, this species may depend on the very same defenses it avoids by being initially attracted to plants that produce them. This foraging strategy is unique among known specialists. Lastly, I moved beyond immune cross-talk to explore how co-occurring phyllosphere bacteria might directly impact one another through competition. In the lab, I found that different growth strategies underlie competitive ability for two major clades of bacteria within the genus Pseudomonas, and that toxin production and resistance may be important mediators of competition within the phyllosphere. However, competitively superior bacteria that produce toxins may indirectly facilitate the survival of inferior competitors through their being toxin resistant, which likely enhances co-existence of diverse bacteria in the phyllosphere. Together, this dissertation has revealed a variety of means by which co-infecting bacteria and insects might influence one another through plant defense cross-talk, as well as how the complex interplay of colonization and competition might affect the structure of leaf microbial communities in nature
Training community health nurses to measure parent–child interaction: a mixed-methods study
Get PDFBackground
This study aims to determine whether the Parental Responsiveness Rating Scale (PaRRiS) completed at child age 24–30 months can be used by community child health nurses (CCHNs) to reliably measure the quality of parent–child interactions in practice.
Methods
A mixed-methods design was used involving CCHNs working in public health settings. Five CCHNs recruited from the North-East of England were trained to use PaRRiS. Thirty parent–child dyads attending their routine 24–30-month check were observed. Nurses rated parent–child dyads during 5 min of free-play using PaRRiS. The free-play sessions were video recorded and rated blind by the first author to the nurse observation. Semi-structured phone interviews were conducted with the five CCHNs once observations of parent–child interactions were complete. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, anonymized and thematically analyzed.
Results
Two-thirds of participating parents were mothers. Half the families (15/30) were from the 10% most deprived areas based on the English Index of Multiple Deprivation. The average PaRRiS score was 3.03 [standard deviation (SD) = 0.8; all ratings were <5.0]. Reliability between the first author (‘gold standard’) and CCHNs was excellent [Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC): 0.85; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67–0.93]. CCHNs found PaRRiS aligned well with current practice and was acceptable to parents. There was no evidence of a relationship between social disadvantage and PaRRiS scores.
Conclusions
With further development and evaluation work, PaRRiS could potentially be incorporated into existing universal health services to provide child health nurses with an additional tool for identifying families most likely to be in need of parent–child interaction interventions
Training community health nurses to measure parent-child interaction: A mixed-methods study
Get PDFBackground: This study aims to determine whether the Parental Responsiveness Rating Scale (PaRRiS) completed at child age 24-30 months can be used by community child health nurses (CCHN) to reliably measure the quality of parent-child interactions in practice. Methods: A mixed-method design was used involving CCHNs working in public health settings. Five CCHNs recruited from the North-East of England were trained to use PaRRiS. Thirty parent-child dyads attending their routine 24-30 month check were observed. Nurses rated parent-child dyads during 5 minutes of free-play using PaRRiS. The free-play sessions were video recorded and rated blind by the first author to the nurse observation. Semi-structured phone interviews were conducted with the five CCHNs once observations of parent-child interactions were complete. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, anonymised and thematically analysed. Results: Two thirds of participating parents were mothers. Half the families (15/30) were from the 10% most deprived areas based on the English Index of Multiple Deprivation. The average PaRRiS score was 3.03 (SD=0.8; all ratings were <5.0). Reliability between the first author (‘gold standard’) and CCHNs was excellent (ICC: 0.85; 95%CI: 0.67 to 0.93). CCHNs found PaRRiS aligned well with current practice and was acceptable to parents. There was no evidence of a relationship between social disadvantage and PaRRiS scores. Conclusions: With further development and evaluation work, PaRRiS could potentially be incorporated into existing universal health services to provide child health nurses with an additional tool for identifying families most likely to need parent-child interaction interventions
A feminist reading of the mother-daughter relationship in Gabrielle Roy and Francine No?l
No full textTHESIS 8330This thesis proposes a feminist reading of the mother-daughter relationship in the writings of Gabrielle Roy and Francine Noel. The texts discussed have been selected due to their feminist nature and to the importance that they accord to the mother- daughter relationship. In the case of Gabrielle Roy, these texts are Bonheur d?occasion. La petite Poule d?eau, Rue Deschambault, La route d?Altamont, La rivi?re sans repos, De quoi t?ennuies-tu Eveline, La d?tresse et l\u27enchantement and Le temps qui m?a manqu?. Her other texts (noted in the bibliography), while they certainly inform the argument of this thesis, do not constitute part of the main body of this study, due to the fact that they are not considered to focus on the mother-daughter relationship. Gabrielle Roy is also the author of a number of unpublished texts. Again, these do not form part of this thesis, as the material to be gathered from the published texts is already substantial. An examination of Gabrielle Roy?s unpublished work would necessitate a separate study (this is perhaps an idea for further research). In the case of Francine Noel, the texts analysed in this thesis are Maryse, Myriam premi?re. La Conjuration de b?tards - also known as the Maryse trilogy -, Nous avons tous d?couvert I?Am?rique and La femme de ma vie
Hypersensitivity of BRCA1 heterozygote lymphoblastoid cells to gamma radiation and PARP inhibitors
Get PDFThis article is made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund. Copyright @ 2013 Bourton EC, et al. This is an open-access article distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
original author and source are credited.PARP inhibitors can be used to induce synthetic lethality in cells with bi-allelic BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.
However the effect of PARP inhibitors in combination with radiation on cells with mono-allelic mutations of BRCA1
and BRCA2 is unknown. We have examined the cell survival response of lymphoblastoid cells derived from normal
individuals and those derived from carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, following exposure to ionising radiation
and the PARP inhibitor Olaparib.
Two lymphoblastoid cell lines from normal individuals and three with mono-allelic mutations in BRCA1 and
BRCA2 were exposed to increasing doses of gamma radiation either alone or in combination with 5 μM Olaparib.
Cell survival was measured using the MTT assay.
Exposure to increasing doses of gamma radiation caused a reduction in cell survival of all cell types. The
combined exposure to gamma radiation and 5 μM Olaparib did not enhance cell kill in normal or BRCA2 heterozygote
lymphoblastoid cells but significantly enhanced cell kill in cells derived from BRCA1 carriers (P = 0.02). The treatment
of cancer patients carrying mutations in the BRCA1 gene with radiotherapy and the PARP inhibitor Olaparib may
significantly enhance radiation induced normal tissue toxicity in these patients.Vidal Sassoon Foundation of America and “The Balls to Cancer” Charity, Coventry, U
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