71 research outputs found
A clitoral verrucous carcinoma in an area of lichen planus has aggressive features
No full textAbstract
Background
Verrucous carcinoma of the vulva is extremely rare. It is a slow growing, low malignant variant of a squamous cell carcinoma with a cauliflower appearance. Women with lichen planus have an increased risk of developing vulval cancer.
Case presentation
A 79-year-old woman consulted for vulval itching. On clinical examination, a 3-cm large verrucous clitoral cancer in an area of lichen planus was seen. Based on her last clinical examination, the growth was estimated to be 1\ua0cm
2
per month with an invasion depth after 6\ua0months of 5\ua0mm. A tumor developing in an area of lichen planus appears to have more aggressive features. This is the first time that the growth of a verrucous carcinoma has been documented in an area of lichen planus.
Conclusions
Clinicians and patients should be aware of the aggressive behavior of cancers developing in areas of lichen planus and adjust their surgical management together with the follow-up strategy
Correction to: Expansion of the neurodevelopmental phenotype of individuals with EEF1A2 variants and genotype-phenotype study (European Journal of Human Genetics, (2024), 32, 9, (1144-1149), 10.1038/s41431-024-01560-8)
No full textCorrection to: European Journal of Human Geneticshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41431-024-01560-8, published online 15 February 2024 In the original version of this article, the given and family names of Samuel Groeschel were incorrectly structured. The name was displayed correctly in all versions at the time of publication. The authors, Adam Ostendorf, Christiane Zweier, Thomas Smol, Marjolaine Willems, Laurence Faivre, Marcello Scala, Pasquale Striano, Irene Bagnasco, Daniel Koboldt, Maria Iascone, Manon Suerink were missing from the author list. Moreover, the author contribution texts have been updated in accordance with addition of authors. The original article has been corrected
γδ T cells are effectors of immunotherapy in cancers with HLA class I defects
No full textDNA mismatch repair-deficient (MMR-d) cancers present an abundance of neoantigens that is thought to explain their exceptional responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)1,2. Here, in contrast to other cancer types3–5, we observed that 20 out of 21 (95%) MMR-d cancers with genomic inactivation of β2-microglobulin (encoded by B2M) retained responsiveness to ICB, suggesting the involvement of immune effector cells other than CD8+ T cells in this context. We next identified a strong association between B2M inactivation and increased infiltration by γδ T cells in MMR-d cancers. These γδ T cells mainly comprised the Vδ1 and Vδ3 subsets, and expressed high levels of PD-1, other activation markers, including cytotoxic molecules, and a broad repertoire of killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors. In vitro, PD-1+ γδ T cells that were isolated from MMR-d colon cancers exhibited enhanced reactivity to human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-class-I-negative MMR-d colon cancer cell lines and B2M-knockout patient-derived tumour organoids compared with antigen-presentation-proficient cells. By comparing paired tumour samples from patients with MMR-d colon cancer that were obtained before and after dual PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade, we found that immune checkpoint blockade substantially increased the frequency of γδ T cells in B2M-deficient cancers. Taken together, these data indicate that γδ T cells contribute to the response to immune checkpoint blockade in patients with HLA-class-I-negative MMR-d colon cancers, and underline the potential of γδ T cells in cancer immunotherapy.</p
Representation of statistical sound properties in human auditory cortex
No full textThe work carried out in this doctoral thesis investigated the representation of
statistical sound properties in human auditory cortex. It addressed four key aspects in
auditory neuroscience: the representation of different analysis time windows in
auditory cortex; mechanisms for the analysis and segregation of auditory objects;
information-theoretic constraints on pitch sequence processing; and the analysis of
local and global pitch patterns. The majority of the studies employed a parametric
design in which the statistical properties of a single acoustic parameter were altered
along a continuum, while keeping other sound properties fixed.
The thesis is divided into four parts. Part I (Chapter 1) examines principles of
anatomical and functional organisation that constrain the problems addressed. Part II
(Chapter 2) introduces approaches to digital stimulus design, principles of functional
magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and the analysis of fMRI data. Part III (Chapters
3-6) reports five experimental studies. Study 1 controlled the spectrotemporal
correlation in complex acoustic spectra and showed that activity in auditory
association cortex increases as a function of spectrotemporal correlation. Study 2
demonstrated a functional hierarchy of the representation of auditory object
boundaries and object salience. Studies 3 and 4 investigated cortical mechanisms for
encoding entropy in pitch sequences and showed that the planum temporale acts as a
computational hub, requiring more computational resources for sequences with high
entropy than for those with high redundancy. Study 5 provided evidence for a
hierarchical organisation of local and global pitch pattern processing in neurologically
normal participants. Finally, Part IV (Chapter 7) concludes with a general discussion
of the results and future perspectives
Languages and Worldview
No full textAsking and answering questions about what culture entails and examines the fundamental properties and intertwining nature of language and culture. This text explores linguistic relativity, lexical differences among languages and intercultural communication, including high and low contexts.
Changes to a variety of OER works were made by Manon Allard-Kropp in the Department of Language and Cultural Studies to tailor the text to fit the needs of the Languages and World View course at the University of Missouri–St. Louis. Materials from the original sources have been combined, reorganized, and added to by the current author, and any conceptual or typographical errors are the responsibility of the current author.
Sources:
Anderson, Catherine. Fundamental Properties of Language. https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=IDNSZYXTXFk, 2018. https://irl.umsl.edu/oer/8. Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)
Anderson, Catherine. Mental Grammar. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kLf0ZIkbUxE, 2018. https://irl.umsl.edu/oer/12. Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)
“Anthropological Culture Concept.” In Cultural Anthropology. https://wikieducator.org/. Accessed December 20, 2019. https://wikieducator.org/Cultural_Anthropology/Anth_ Perspective/Key_Concepts. Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike License
Boroditsky, Lera. How Language Shapes the Way We Think. https://www.ted.com/talks/lera_ boroditsky_how_language_shapes_the_way_we_think, 2018. https://irl.umsl.edu/oer/13. Creative Commons license, Attribution–NonCommercial–No Derivatives
Calude, Andreea S., Alex Gendler, Mike Schell, and Addison Anderson. Does Grammar Matter? https://ed.ted.com/lessons/does-grammar-matter-andreea-s-calude, 2016. https://irl.umsl.edu/oer/9. Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
Center for Deployment Psychology. Military Culture Iceberg. https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=LBF6BCV1wlc, 2014. https://irl.umsl.edu/oer/10. Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)
Cultural Anthropology - Wikibooks, Open Books for an Open World. Wikibooks, 2018. https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cultural_Anthropology. Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
Department of Communication, Indiana State University. “2.3: Understanding Intercultural Communication | Introduction to Public Communication.” In Introduction to Public Communication. Pressbooks; Simple book Production, 2016. http://kell.indstate.edu/ public-comm-intro/chapter/2-3-understanding-intercultural-communication/. Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
Gasser, Michael. “2.6: Lexical Differences Among Languages.” In How Language Works. http://www.indiana.edu/~hlw/book.html: LibreTexts, 2015. https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Anthropology/Linguistics/Book%3A_How_Language_Works_(Gasser)/2%3A_ Word_Meanings/2.6%3A_Lexical_Differences_Among_Languages. GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2.
“Intercultural Communication.” In A Primer on Communication Studies, 2012. https://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/a-primer-on-communication-studies/s08-03- intercultural-communication.html. Creative Commons by-nc-sa 3.0
Hahn, Laura K., and Scott T. Paynton. Survey of Communication Study - Wikibooks, Open Books for an Open World, 2019. https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Survey_of_Communication_Study. Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
Let’sTalkLanguage. Language Influences Thought? - Linguistic Relativity. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yxLBXP5sq3o, 2015. https://irl.umsl.edu/oer/11. Creative Commons Attribution license (reuse allowed)
LibreTexts. “3.1C: Cultural Universals - Social Sci LibreTexts.” In Sociology (Boundless), 2019. https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Sociology/Book%3A_Sociology_(Boundless)/3%3A_Culture/3.1%3A_Culture_and_Society/3.1C%3A_Cultural_Universals. CC BY-NC-SA 3.0.
Light, Linda. “Language.” In Perspectives: An Open Invitation to Cultural Anthropology, edited by Nina Brown, Laura Tubelle de González, and Thomas McIlwraith, 1st ed. Arlington, VA: American Anthropological Association. Accessed December 20, 2019. http://perspectives.americananthro.org/. Creative Commons License (CC-BY-NC)
Pym, Anthony. Do Women and Men Use Language the Same Way? https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=Txd93vZQHWU. Accessed December 20, 2019. https://irl.umsl.edu/oer/15. Creative Commons Attribution license
Pym, Anthony. What Is Diglossia? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SvcM4mpNpqs. Accessed December 20, 2019. https://irl.umsl.edu/oer/16. Creative Commons Attribution license
TED-Ed and Krystian Aparta. One of the Most Difficult Words to Translate . . . https://www.ted.com/talks/krystian_aparta_one_of_the_most_difficult_words_to_translate/, 2016. https://irl.umsl.edu/oer/14. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Tylor, Edward Burnett. Primitive Culture: Researches into the Development of Mythology, Philosophy, Religion, Art, and Custom. London: J. Murray, 1871. http://archive.org/details/ primitiveculture0171tylo. Public Domain
Wikipedia contributors. “Speech Community.” In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, August 23, 2019. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Speech_community&oldid=912200358. Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike Licens
Bisphosphonates and osteonecrosis of the jaw: cause and effect or a **post hoc** fallacy?
No full textPrognostic value of bone scintigraphy in cancer patients with osteonecrosis of the jaw
No full textAbstract: Purpose of the Report: Identifying imaging predictors of healing of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in cancer patients may assist in better stratification of treatment strategies. Materials and Methods: Patients with ONJ were followed prospectively and underwent bone scintigraphy, both planar and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging. End points were time to healing and the number of recurrences. Studied parameters included lesion visibility, pattern of uptake, and quantification of uptake relative to the unaffected side. Results: A total of 22 patients were recruited (3 men; 19 women) with a stage 1 ONJ lesion in 8, stage 2 in 9, and stage 3 ONJ in 5 patients. Median duration of follow-up was 12 months (range, 637). SPECT acquisitions proved superior over planar images in detecting ONJ lesions (P = 0.03). Quantification of tracer uptake in the ONJ lesion relative to the unaffected side showed increasing uptake with higher stages of ONJ: mean, 1.67 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.172.18) in stage 1, 2.72 (95% CI, 2.243.20) in stage 2, and 4.62 (95% CI, 3.985.26) in stage 3. In addition, this relative ratio of uptake was found to be an independent predictor of ONJ healing (hazard ratio, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.070.82; P = 0.02). Neither ONJ stage nor relative ratio of uptake were predictors of the occurrence of ONJ relapses. Conclusions: Bone scintigraphy in patients with ONJ is feasible and SPECT acquisitions are preferred over planar images. Relative quantification of tracer uptake provides prognostic information independent of clinical stage that may assist in identifying patients with a poor prognosis
Subcutaneous trastuzumab (Herceptin) versus intravenous trastuzumab for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer: A time, motion and cost assessment study in a lean operating day care oncology unit
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