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    18 research outputs found

    Exploring Fungal Polyketide <i>C</i>‑Methylation through Combinatorial Domain Swaps

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    Polyketide C-methylation occurs during a programmed sequence of dozens of reactions carried out by multidomain polyketide synthases (PKSs). Fungal PKSs perform these reactions iteratively, where a domain may be exposed to and act upon multiple enzyme-tethered intermediates during biosynthesis. We surveyed a collection of C-methyltransferase (CMeT) domains from nonreducing fungal PKSs to gain insight into how different methylation patterns are installed. Our in vitro results show that control of methylation resides primarily with the CMeT, and CMeTs can intercept and methylate intermediates from noncognate nonreducing PKS domains. Furthermore, the methylation pattern is likely imposed by a competition between methylation or ketosynthase-catalyzed extension for each intermediate. Understanding site-specific polyketide C-methylation may facilitate targeted C–C bond formation in engineered biosynthetic pathways
    The Francis Crick Institute

    Chromobacterium spp. mediate their anti-Plasmodium activity through secretion of the histone deacetylase inhibitor romidepsin

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    AbstractThe Chromobacterium sp. Panama bacterium has in vivo and in vitro anti-Plasmodium properties. To assess the nature of the Chromobacterium-produced anti-Plasmodium factors, chemical partition was conducted by bioassay-guided fractionation where different fractions were assayed for activity against asexual stages of P. falciparum. The isolated compounds were further partitioned by reversed-phase FPLC followed by size-exclusion chromatography; high resolution UPLC and ESI/MS data were then collected and revealed that the most active fraction contained a cyclic depsipeptide, which was identified as romidepsin. A pure sample of this FDA-approved HDAC inhibitor allowed us to independently verify this finding, and establish that romidepsin also has potent effect against mosquito stages of the parasite’s life cycle. Genomic comparisons between C. sp. Panama and multiple species within the Chromobacterium genus further demonstrated a correlation between presence of the gene cluster responsible for romidepsin production and effective antiplasmodial activity. A romidepsin-null Chromobacterium spp. mutant loses its anti-Plasmodium properties by losing the ability to inhibit P. falciparum HDAC activity, and romidepsin is active against resistant parasites to commonly deployed antimalarials. This independent mode of action substantiates exploring a chromobacteria-based approach for malaria transmission-blocking.</jats:p
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    UNTHSC Scholar (University. of North Texas Health Science Center)

    W. R. Myers High School 2015

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    The annual publication of the students of W. R. Myers High School Taber, Alberta. (Volume 2014-2015)pdf▼ ▼ VZ I III L— M l\l I I I I— I X THAN THE SUN. Welcome to WR Myers High School w* ww Lisa Astalos Kelsey Atkinson Sam Bennett Kristin Bodnar Caitlyn Brugger Tiffany Callaghan Duncan Campbell Crystal Carver Lonnie Christensen Stacey Christensen Denise Cook Krista Dixon Dale Friesen Trina Gedny Mark Harding Adam Hughes Blake Hyggen Arica Jensen Noel Kehler Johanna Kutanzi Rene Lavoie Douglas Leavitt Megan Leusink Tim Luchanski Andrea Makarchuk Stacy McClelland Cheryl McIntyre Hyrum Moriyama Lori Pickerell Melissa Planger Jessica Jansen Sadie Jennison Brooklyn Jensen Cole Jensen Eric Jensen Katelyn Jensen Justin Jimmy Emily Johansen Jenna Jonker Benjamin Kakuk Parker Karras Nathan Kaye Muhammad Khan Jenae King Jenna Klok Jaime Kroeker Tyson Laczo Robert Layton Kailee Leismeister Makenna Leismeister Joshua Leith Granger Leth Simon Lewis Abby Litchfield Scott Loewen Sarah Lumley Samantha Mackay Andrew Makarchuk Carter Matthews Dustyn McCracken Ryan McDonald Kyla Meggison Sydney Meier Tyson Meier Kevin Meyer Freedom Minion Langley Moser Chance Myers Tejay Nachay Kameryn Nessman Zoe Nish Aspen Norman Emily Pedersen Brendan Pierson Paolo Ramos Torey Reid Shaylee Rice Shaylyn Richard Taylor Robison Renae Saunders Orion Schnarr Drake Schnarr- Cracknell Macrae Setoguchi Annika Simmons Gunner Skretting Kaylan Span Mackenzie Sprinkle Lauren Steed Liesl Steinhorn Kaitlyn Stevens Lexi Tessemaker Wyatt Thurston Ayden Toole Tanner Turcato Tatum Vayro Peter Waeckerlin w->l Kayden Weinkauf Chelsea-Louise White Brock Wojtowicz Lexi Wojtowicz Tiernan Young Abbey Allred Ty Anderson Nathanael Andrews Sydney Astalos Allison Bernhardt Hayley Brown Thane Buckingham Dylan Caldwell Kynder Da Costa- Poole Jason Daisley Joel Dalton Michael Dam Graydon Day Dylan Degen Amie Doucette Haley Drummond Adele Dyck Dalton Eiserman Claudia Farries Tierza Fehr Taylor Forchuk Maria Froese Kelsey Garner Chaston Gedny Cheyenne Goodfellow Joshua Graft Allyson Hamilton Josie Hammerstedt Quincy Hansen Madison Hanson Tavia Hayhurst Josh Hickman Tyler Hobelsberger Lane Holzli Brysen Horst Gavin Hoskins Natalie Hoyt Dakota Huddlestun Daylan Jensen Kaylee Jensen Rachael Jensen Torri Jensen Michael Johnson Millay Johnson Dylan Jones Tamara Jones Matthew Kerkhoff Robert Kerner Shai Kilborn Michelle Koersen Chayia Koncz Jonathon Kromm Jonathon Kromm-Putzi Hannah Larsen Clay Leismeister Mackenzie Lewicki Bailey Malinsky Bradley Marsden Karlee Martin Colten May Brooke McMurdo Nathan Messer Keeley Miller Amber-Lynn Mitchell Bradyn Mitchell Isobel Morgan Brandon Mountstephen Brett Mountstephen Jenna Nelson Teagan Neudorf Marie Neufeld Pancho Neustaeter Courtney Newby Riley O'brien Brendan Olson Erin Pack Jeannine Patrick Zachary Payne Justin Pearce-Jensen Amber Pedersen Jett Pedersen Wyatt Pedersen Courtney Peters David Peters Patricia Peters Kade Phillips Tasha Picken Tate Platt Ethan Radke Sabrina Reece Rudy Reimer Kianna Ressler Brittany Rop Trey Ross Tyler Ruston Janine Sakebow Emma Sawchuk Cody Sekura Jaxon Shimbashi Austin Simek Darian Simmons Brynn Skelly Madison St. Peter James Stevenson Dominic Stibbs Kenyon Stronski Cole Swarbrick Brendan Tams Kami Tams Schyler Tams Kristina Thiessen Janetta Thomas Wiktoria Timofiejew Derek Vandenberg 14 PEOPLE Grade Eleven "A person who never made a mistake never tried anything new." - Albert Einstein Lane Allen Muhammad Amir Marcus Andrus Dillon Armstrong Cole Avison Rylee Bailey Mahika Basele Isabelle Bennett Taylor Blacquier Kristen Bodnarek Keegan Brantner Blake Bullock Ethan Burk Megan Campbell Carter Clarke Ryan Dam Citlalmina David Jessica Davis Colby Driedger Eric Driedger Cassidy Egeland Karena Ellis Brandon Elm Paris Fabbri Brandon Ferguson Taisha Ferguson Brenden Friesen Helena Froese Tiana Gleim Haley Gray Kendon Gregus Katessa Gross Madison Hanke Saige Hansen Nathan Hiebert Amber Higgins Morgan Hirch Alexzan Holcek Clint Holman Kassidy Howells Maren Jensen Rebecca Johnson Clayton Jonker Marissa Kerr Shaylee Kurtz Emilee Larson Kenady Layton Julia Lee Hayley Lepard Lewis Leray Braiden Litchfield Shona Macarthur Logan Mackay Toni Megyes Alexandra Mitchell Skylar Miyanaga Gerrit Molenaar Joshua Mouland Taylor Mountstephen Tatum Nagai Jordan Nanaquewetung Tyson Nanaquewetung Jordan Nevil Aileen Noble Emily Noble Michelle Olsen Tiffani Olsen Brady Pavka Jazlyn Pedersen Austin Pelletier Jillian Pickerell Brett Plettl Matthew Rempel Aidan Renner Skylar Rice Chace Ruston Samuel Sasse Tyrah Sebok Yunyi Sha Miyu Shindome Nicholas Sorochynski- Wolaniuk Amy Stange Kassidy Stevens Hayley Stolk Taylor Straga Ryan Jesse Tadique Gabriel Terrick Colton Terry Susana Thiessen Zachery Thiessen Gary Thomsen Jade Tilleman Tasha Turuk Jared Vas Kathrin Waeckerlin Nash Wagner Liam Ward Adena Williamson Jacob Wolf Paige Wood Mackenzie Yunick Victor Zacharias Hi BOO!.., did I scare you Mr. Moriyc Winner, "Awesome." Mrs. Kehler Physics 20 Mrs. Carver Math 30-1 Mrs. Schnoor pumpkin dinner Math 30-2 Mr. Hughes "Awesome." LUCH OCTOBER 31 HALLOWEEN (OU'U 00 Kassidy grade 1 1 ("Just makin' stuff DOING WHAT ;4» i Everykid 1 Kolten, the model student. 2 Hurray for French tests on Saturday! 3 Let me just adjust my glasses and avoid this photo. 4 Dillon Armstrong's gift to Mrs Diixon 5 Takin' care of business in ILT "Watch me make stuff" Brett, grade 10 Sophie Shimbashi Paige Wood Shelby Richard and her cat craziness Megan Jansen working hard. Thomas Platt «m^ mi a nara KNOCK life 54th Street Players Presents... ANNIE STUDENT LIFE 1 Such sweet, talented little orphens. 2 A trio of lovely ladies. 3 Annie searches for her parents. 4 Brotherly love. 5 You're under arrest...right after this picture. 6 Relaxing between scenes. >® —REBELtalent STUDENT COUNCIL PRESENTS .Benefit Talent Show 24 and Art Sale ARTS Concerts: Westlake School, Christmas, Polyjesters, Remembrance Day, Central School, Tri-BBQ, Christmas, Year End. Showing Dr Hamman Grade 1 's how to play. student life Concert & Stage Band *”1 Spokanez Washington April 23-25, 2015 Making Music The band performed in Fernie & Spokane, attended Guys and Dolls, clinics at the University of Eastern Washington and shopped. Travel Club has returned from New York! This Easter sixteen of us travelled to New York, staying right in Times Square and seeing as many sights and shows as we could within the time we were there! We saw two Broadway shows, took part in an Improv workshop with an award winning Broadway actor, and conquered the NY subway!! We took a ferry out to the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island, visited the 9/1 1 Memorial museum, visited Lincoln Center, Juliard School of Arts, the MET opera house as well as taking a fast elevator ride to the top of the Empire State building!!! We shopped, and shopped, then shopped some more! It was an absolutely amazing experience with some fantastic students and parents!! 1 .Tour of Wall Street. 2 .Walking across Brooklyn Bridge. LOOK WHO DID WHAT: Amazing improv workshop! Anita was his favorite student!! Anita Piemen, Grade 12 Posing in front of the Flatiron building in Manhattan. Madison Square Gardens-got tickets to a Knicks game...was AMAZING!! Sights of New York ---- Candids 1 Myers helped out with the Junior Rebel Camp. 2 Myers raised over $2000 for Relay for Life. 3 Big smiles from Cornie and Caitlyn! 4 Tanner and Brooke, up in the Grade 1 2 hallway. 5 Ryan and Kaela well into character as Rooster and Lily. 6 Building bottle rockets in the name of science. 7 Helena, Julia, Skylar and Louis trying to compete with Luch, Hughes and Hyggen. s Rebel Pride 2014 ROSTER FOOTBALL 1 Wyatt Fiedler 4 Michael Dam 5 Thane Buckingham 7 Blake Bullock 9 Hunter Andrus 10 Tom Platt 12 Ashton Bekkering 14 Colton Terry 18 Bradley Marsden 20 Tate Platt 22 Dylan Tams 23 Nathan Bennett 24 Daxon Matthews 30 Gavin Glas 33 Jason Tan 36 Andrew Schimmel 40 Tristin Jensen 41 Aiden Renner 42 Jaxon Shimbashi 50 Kyle Chisholm 52 Kenyon Stronski 53 Brenden Friesen 54 Braiden Litchfield 56 Logan MacKay 59 Ryan Harkness 60 Dylan McMurdo 61 Chase Ruston 63 Nick Jensen 65 Keegan Wesley 66 Taylor Blacquier 82 Cole Swarbrick 83 David Peters 85 Bryson Horst COACHES Adam Hughes, Scott Saunders Rob Tams, Quintin Cheverie EQUIPMENT MANAGER Duncan Campbell The WR Myers Fighting Rebels finished 2nd in the South Zone with a 4-4 record. Nate Bennett, Dylan McMurdo. Logan MacKay, Dylan Tams and Ryan Harkness were all named All-Divsion Team.. Other award winners: Tom Platt - Defensive Player of Year Dylan McMurdo - Lineman of the Year Thane Buckingham - Rookie of the Year ^’WbSBRhWP®®^ SwTw If you watch a game, it's fun. If you play it, it's recreation. If you work at it, it's golf. Keegan Brantner Dylan Jones Darian Simmons Ace Wenbourne a. m i pg Brady Pavka Jaden Turcato Keon Son Cole Jensen Brady Garner Darian Simmons Jaxon Shimbashi Carter Clarke Jeff Macdonald Kolten Huddelston Ryan Mier Macrae Setoguchi Tanner Turcato Coaches: Brendan Millers, Ryan Hutchison, William Huddlestun Dakoda Huddleston Keon Son Haruka Matsumoto Janine Sakebow Janette Thomas Tamara Jones Nick Wolaniuk Craig James Alyssa Bennett Nik Bentson Logan Weibe Ace Wenbourne Clay Leisemeister Matt Kerkhoff Ryan McDonald Porter Gorda Darian Hardy Ben Dorohoy Coaches: Darryl Bennett, Krista Dixon 37 Jacob Wolf Henry Wolf Pancho Neustador Brendan Olson Michael Johnson Nik Bentson Dakoda Huddlestun Josh Mouland Cole Layton Coach: Cindy Johnson, Matt Anderson, Cassandra Shimbashi Kaelei Hoskins Janae King Makenna Leismeister Jenna Klok Jessica Jansen Adrien Addy Shaylyn Richard Sydney Meier Calista Haynes Coaches: Michele Rombough, Codi Hoskins Haley Gray Jillian Pickerell Rylee Bailey Brynn Skelly Jordan Nevil Millay Johnson Tessa Gross Amie Doucette Maddy Hanson Chey Haynes Coach: Dee Schramm Junior Varsity ME OF THE REBEL Grade Nine Girls 38 gggjl Senior Varsity Girls 1 Marissa Kerr 5 Mackenzie Lewicki 6 Natalie Hoyt 7 Megan Fallon 8 Hayley LePard 9 Samantha Sorenson 10 Caroline Steinborn 12 Paige Wood 13 Paige Simek 14 Jenna Wright Coaches: Sam Bennett, Hyrum Moriyama W.FL MYERS HKJH SCHOOL Volleyball Grade 9 Basketball Bennett drawing up the play. Coach: Kendon Bennett rebels Joels EBEL »W.R. M' SPORTS EAT, SLEEP PLAY BASKETBALL I! II When you work hard, good things happen. Allan Iverson 2 Mike Hannon 3 Colton Geeraeart 4 Zach Firth 6 Ben Kakuk 7 Tyson Laczo 8 Josh Leith 9 Paolo Ramos 10 Cole Layton 1 ] Simon Lewis 1 2 Isiah Bear 1 3 Brant Harris 14 Granger Leth Coaches: Wes Steed Ian Harris 4 Lexi Tessemaker 5 Jessica Gurney 6 Renae Saunders 7 Shaylyn Richard 8 Lauren Steed 9 Langley Moser 10 Dani Wright 11 Katie Jensen 1 2 Anika Steed 1 3 Emily Peterson EBELS EBEL.?’ Manager: David Peters Coach: Max Holst J "Saute, saute." "Soap, why soap?" 1 Brendan is actually not talking during this time out. 2 The razzle dazzle. 3 Thug life. ^ Rylee Bailey Genna Wright Brynn Skelly Kenady Layton Rachel Jensen Hannah Larsen Quincy Hansen Mack Lewiki Jenna Nelson Maren Jensen Coaches: Megan Leusink Doug Bailey Basketball isn't just about packed arenas, and highlight reels, basketball is a way of life. Basketball is a relationship between you and the ball, you and your teammates. If you LOVE the game, NOBODY can take that from you. - Michael Jordan WHAT DOES OUR TEAM HAVE TO SAY? "Rylee getting hit in the head during practice was probably one of my favorite moments." Hannah Larsen 4 Brendan Olsen 5 Skylar Rice 6 Bradyn Mitchell Josh Groft 8 Mike Johnson Liam Ward 10 Tate Platt 1 2 Bradley Marsden 15 Rudy Reimer 21 Jayden Vandersteen w Placed 3rd in the Manager: Carolyn Steinborn province -A- VI L 5 ^,4 For the love of the gome Won 3A Zone Banner Chelsea Hubble 2 Tiffani Olsen 3 Sadie Lund 4 Taylor Moser 5 Megan Jansen 6 Paige Wood 7 Millay Johnson 8 Katessa Gross 9 Hayley Lepard 10 Natalie Hoyt 1 1 Coaches: Kenney Wood Marty Johnson Brandon Bullock EBELS Basketball never stops WH ZONE JABOYS BASKETBALL yw* MIERS MYERS HERS 1EBEL! IEBEK urns MYERS REBELS, Won 3A South Zone Banner Thomas Platt 1 Jesse Witwer 3 Colton Terry 5 Jeremy Steed Daxon Matthews 8 Lewis LeRay 9 Nathan Bennett 1 3 Marcus Andres 21 Josh Mouland 23 Blake Bullock 33 Mahika Basele 34 Coaches: Doug Leavitt Greg Bowes Look good, feel good. Greg Bowes, Coach 7ERS LOOK WHO'S GOT SKILLS! ME Basketball doesn’t build character. It reveals it." REBEL CLASSIC Tournament ^FTHEI liras I. ;M Scoring tries and Wheeling guys Morgan Bos Alexa Bull Kelsey Garner Jessica Gurney Natalie Hoyt Hannah Larsen Jenna Jonker Millay Johnson Michelle Korsen Jeannine Patrick Amy Peters Patricia Peters Shaylyn Richard Emma Sawchuk Annika Simmons Brynn Skelly Lauren Steed Liesl Stienborn Samantha Tams Coaches: Andrew Llewelyn-Jones, Hamish Elrick Rylee Bailey Rebecca Bernhardt Keegan Brantner Jordan Duncan Nicole Gurney Chelsea Hubble Maren Jensen Kenady Layton Julia Lee Kaela Lee Sadie Lund Shaylee Kurtz Megan Mankow Amanda Oseen Kara Passey Sophie Shimbashi Samantha Sorensen Alyssa Weinkauf Paige Wood Coaches: Chris Komrey. Shayla Anderson 1 Sophie Shimbashi going tackle WlmtS Happening against a Neath. 2 Genna Wright getting her hair pulled. 3 Emma Sawchuk and Michelle Korsen after the teams victory. 4 Keegan Brantner getting stiff armed to the throat while attempting to make a tackle. Supported by Sadie Lund. 5 Keegan Brantner and Emma Sawchuk sitting on the lion statue in London. 6 A selfie taken by Amanda Oseen with the team on the bus. 7 Sadie Lund sprinting up the field with the ball. 8 Amanda Oseen fending off defenders. 9 The whole team posed in front of the beach. <; ’iT'^ 1 .j||d|H i.i i mi II w»M ». /"‘I STUDENT LIFE Rugby Wales trip UHL. 2014-2015 Athletic Awards sports ur ’ HE r UM R£§El Teamwork divides the task and multiplies the success 1 -author unknown Student Counci 3d at the assembly. Turkey bowling! vi~Dance! game in preparation for the REBELS CLASSIC April - attended a leadership conference in Strathmore June - Year end assembly. Hot dogs and a wind­down party on the last day mt List >er - Welcome Back assembly & BBQ! tion to the now famous "Reble Nation" t-er - Ugly sweater day & the Stage Band / - On Valentine's day "Make the opposite augh" & teachers vs. students basketball May - lipsync battle (Keegan Brantner & Emma Sawchuk vs. Mr. Friesen, Mrs. Pickerell & Mr. Leavitt. Talent Show for the Relay for Life Andrew Harding Grade 12 Accomplishment: made leather jackets cool again Presidents Teacher Representative Tea Miyanaga Grade 12 Accomplishment: 'brought back •school dances Mr. Friesen Social Studies Teacher R. Myers Johanna Kutanzi Jeff McDonald, Valedictorian Shondi Bassett CANDIDS LOOK WHO'S DOING WHAT Taylor and Caitlynn. Alyssa singing her heart out. And the best dressed award goes to...... Dylan and Taylor looking stylish. Rebecca, Kaela and Ryan amazing us with their perform< Jacklyn, Ian and Alyssa looking amazing. Graduation, here we come! Cornie Tristan Anderson PP: People spelling my name wrong TYWMM: Being with my friends MMM: Little Shop of Horrors, Annie, Watching Movies NICK: Archie FS: When you look unto the stars, think of them as my soul, I will always be around. AMB: To show everyone here that I'm creative. PF: Taking the Multimedia Production Program at LC Hunter Andrus PP: Slow people TYWMM: The free ride MMM: Mr. Hughes putting my quote on his wall NICK: Sunshine FS: Winning is half the game, style is the other half AMB:To become a mechanic PF: Becoming a mechanic Natasha Andrus PP: Being called Brett TYWMM: Seeing everyone everyday MMM: Grad camp out NICK: Nat AMB: To become a nurse PF: Become a crazy cat lady Nickolas Badura PP: Bushes TYWMM: Waking up at eight MMM: CHP NICK: Cloyd FS: Just sayin AMB: Ride with the wind PF: Cruise ship captain Shondi Bassett PP: When people lick their finger and turn/pass out paper TYWMM: My friends, drama, and cross country MMM: Too many to count NICK: Shondizzle/Shindig FS: Where ever you are, be there r AMB: To become a personal trainer PF: Whatever happens, happens! Alyssa Bennett PP: Abused books TYWMM: The teachers MMM: Getting bit by a duck in kindergarten NICK: Lyss FS: At any given momment you have the power to say this is not how the story is going to end AMB: To become a teacher/ Author on the side PF: I'm not a fortune teller Nathan Bennett PP: Negativity TYWMM: Team bonding MMM: Accidentally joining the cast of Annie NICK: Nate FS: Dont count the days, make the days count AMB: To be a good person PF: Farming Rebecca Bernhardt PP: Slow walkers, especially when you try to pass them and they cut you off TYWMM: Crazy fun times with my awesome friends MMM: Being in Little Shop of Horrors and the Seattle band trip FS: Fabulous! AMB: Become a zookeeper and have a pet spider monkey that sits on my shoulder and does tricks PF: Die in Fiji with Kaela // PP | Pet Peeve // TYWMM | Things You Will Miss Most // MMM | Most Memorable Moment // // NICK | Nickname // FS | Favorite Saying // AMB | Ambition // PF | Probable Fate // sen Curtis Buck TYWMM: Friends NICK: Buck FS: Dude Karie Cheverie PP: Hunter and Tom TYWMM: My friends NICK: Karl AMB: Degree in business PF: Marry Rich Kyle Chisholm NICK: Schneebs FS: Its five o'clock somewhere Ian Croft PP: Pet peeves TYWMM: Free education MMM: Years in physics class NICK: Ian is too short to deserve a nickname FS: C'est La Vie AMB: To be the best like no one ever was PF: Immortality; either through life or through art Emma Clarkson PP: Slow walkers TYWMM: My Friends NICK: Em Callie Dickinson PP: People walking slow and people chewing with their mouth open TYWMM: Skipping class to be lazy MMM: Graduation NICK: Cal FS: I don't know AMB: Get into professional photography Jonathan Dorohoy NICK: Jono AMB: Become master electrician Troy Doucette PP: Tests, especialy on the first day of the week TYWMM: Seminary MMM: Chern and physics lab NICK: T-Roy FS: Troy2 AMB: Live on a different planet PF: Cliff jumping from the highest cliff ever •••• ^/h^7 2015 Jordan Duncan PP: When someone says "omg thats so funny", but dont actually laugh TYWMM: Being around friends MMM: Falling madly in love in high school NICK: Jo Dunes FS: Life is not made up of big moments, its made up of little ones Lynden Fajnor PP: Sitting in class TYWMM: Seeing my friends and girls everyday MMM: Burnouts in front of the school NICK: Vanilla FS: Far out AMB: Have money, beautiful women, and drive fast cars PF: Drag race muscle cars Megan Fallon PP: People MMM: This was nothing like high school musical NICK: Meg AMB: Become a police officer Derrick Fletcher PP: Bad drivers TYWMM: CSI in forensics MMM: Bio with Luch NICK: Wig Warn FS: That's Stank Joseph Fletcher PP: Unnecessary drama TYWMM: Amazing teachers- Hyggen, Bennett, Harding, Leusink MMM: Going to Mcdonalds every day instead of photography NICK: Judgemental Hipster Kid FS: What good is living the life you've been given if all you do is stand in one place? AMB: Help people PF: Colonize Mars Quinnten Francis PP: My pet peeve is my pet peeve TYWMM: School, work, people NICK: Q AMB: To go and live in Hawaii PF: Sky diving Destiny Friesen PP: People who chew with their mouth open, loud breathers, people who refuse to accept blame for their actions TYWMM: The lack of responsibility NICK: Doll face AMB: To get a Masters/Ph.D // PP | Pet Peeve // TYWMM | Things You Will Miss Most // MMM | Most Memorable Moment // // NICK | Nickname // FS | Favorite Saying // AMB | Ambition // PF | Probable Fate // Dwain Friesen TYWMM: Nothing Johan Froese TYWMM: Friends AMB: Work with people Carter Geeraert PP: Curtis and the cameras in the hallways TYWMM: Everything they didn't catch on camera MMM: When I could've told Curtis there was a cop but let him punch it and get pulled over instead FS: Dude, there's a cop right there! AMB: To work at a performance shop PF: Having to put up with Lynden for years to come Colten Gorda PP: Logan and Montana TYWMM: Not having any responsibility MMM: French class NICK: Gorda FS: Life's a garden, dig it AMB: Scoring 50 in '17... the next Dany Heatley PF: Being 40 and still thinking I'm going to The Show Nicholas Goodrich NICK: Goodrich FS: Just giv'r Troy Friesen PP: When people rev their slow trucks at my dodge TYWMM: Seminary FS: Your girlfriend likes my truck PF: Heir to the throne at classic hot shot Simon Gansner PP: People on the wrong side of the stairs TYWMM: Sleeping in AMB: Not end up working at Mcdonalds PF: Clock maker Nicole Gurney PP: Nevermind TYWMM: Nothing MMM: Wales rugby tour NICK: Nicky-G FS: So much to do, so little ambition AMB: To go to Hogwarts PF: Owning a crazy cat lady business Caitlyn Hamilton TYWMM: The staff and seeing my friends everyday MMM: Shooting rockets in science and I almost hit Mr. Thompson NICK: Caitlyn Jo FS: Don't worry be happy AMB: I'm going to be a fashion designer, and have my own boutique Brooklyn Hammerstedt PP: Too many questions TYWMM: Holiday breaks MMM: Witnessing all the drama from the last four years NICK: Brook FS: No Andrew Harding PP: Small talk TYWMM: My friends, spring musicals MMM: Hosting the girls basketball provincials with Ryan and Mr. Friesen while wearing tuxedos! NICK: Jack, Jimmy Drew FS: "Sorry" No you're not AMB: Do some good in the world by doing what I love PF: coming back to Taber with Ryan Meier as two old widowers, buying a farm and spend the rest of our days drinking french vanillas from Tim Hortons into a blissful oblivion Aaron Harris TYWMM: Basketball + Band MMM: Spokane band trip NICK: A-aron or DJ Showtime FS: Yeah man Matthew Hiebert PP: Other people driving, Parking at the school, people in grade nine calling me bud or kid TYWMM: Lunch MMM: Bathroom mafia NICK: Matt, Hiebert FS: Wow AMB: To own a polar bear PF: Becoming homeless // PP | Pet Peeve // TYWMM | Things You Will Mi
    University of Lethbridge Digitized Collections

    The structural organization of substrate loading in iterative polyketide synthases

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    Polyketide synthases (PKSs) are microbial multienzymes for the biosynthesis of biologically potent secondary metabolites. Polyketide production is initiated by the loading of a starter unit onto an integral acyl carrier protein (ACP) and its subsequent transfer to the ketosynthase (KS). Initial substrate loading is achieved either by multidomain loading modules or by the integration of designated loading domains, such as starter unit acyltransferases (SAT), whose structural integration into PKS remains unresolved. A crystal structure of the loading/condensing region of the nonreducing PKS CTB1 demonstrates the ordered insertion of a pseudodimeric SAT into the condensing region, which is aided by the SAT-KS linker. Cryo-electron microscopy of the post-loading state trapped by mechanism-based crosslinking of ACP to KS reveals asymmetry across the CTB1 loading/-condensing region, in accord with preferential 1:2 binding stoichiometry. These results are critical for re-engineering the loading step in polyketide biosynthesis and support functional relevance of asymmetric conformations of PKSs
    Crossref
    edoc

    Starter Unit Flexibility for Engineered Product Synthesis by the Nonreducing Polyketide Synthase PksA

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    Nonreducing polyketide synthases (NR-PKSs) are unique among PKSs in their domain structure, notably including a starter unit:acyl-carrier protein (ACP) transacylase (SAT) domain that selects an acyl group as the primer for biosynthesis, most commonly acetyl-CoA from central metabolism. This clan of mega-enzymes resembles fatty acid synthases (FASs) by sharing both their central chain elongation steps and their capacity for iterative catalysis. In this mode of synthesis, catalytic domains involved in chain extension exhibit substrate plasticity to accommodate growing chains as small as two carbons to 20 or more. PksA is the NR-PKS central to the biosynthesis of the mycotoxin aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> whose SAT domain accepts an unusual hexanoyl starter from a dedicated yeast-like FAS. Explored in this paper is the ability of PksA to utilize a selection of potential starter units as substrates to initiate and sustain extension and cyclization to on-target, programmed polyketide synthesis. Most of these starter units were successfully accepted and properly processed by PksA to achieve biosynthesis of the predicted naphthopyrone product. Analysis of the on-target and derailment products revealed trends of tolerance by individual PksA domains to alternative starter units. In addition, natural and un-natural variants of the active site cysteine were examined and found to be capable of biosynthesis, suggesting possible direct loading of starter units onto the β-ketoacyl synthase (KS) domain. In light of the data assembled here, the predictable synthesis of unnatural products by NR-PKSs is more fully defined
    The Francis Crick Institute

    Erratum: Gene cluster conservation provides insight into cercosporin biosynthesis and extends production to the genus Colletotrichum

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    The authors note that author Yves Van de Peer was incorrectly listed at affiliation aPlant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University; and that this author’s affiliation at dBioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University was incorrectly omitted. The corrected author and affiliation lines appear below. The online version has been corrected
    Wageningen University & Research Publications

    Validation of Quantitative and Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays Targeting the Mating Types of Phyllosticta citricarpa, the Causal Agent of Citrus Black Spot

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    Citrus black spot (CBS) is a disease caused by the ascomycetous fungus Phyllosticta (formerly Guignardia) citricarpa (Botryosphaeriales, Pezizomycotina) currently present in citrus groves in five counties in southwest Florida. Within Florida, P. citricarpa shows limited reproduction via asexual sporulation due to the presence of only one (MAT1-2-1) of the two required mating types for sexual reproduction. Here, we present two novel PCR assays standardized in quantitative PCR (qPCR) and digital PCR (dPCR) platforms to distinguish both mating types (MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-2-1) of P. citricarpa to monitor for the potential introduction of the MAT1-1-1 mating type into Florida and a novel protocol for DNA extraction from asymptomatic leaves. During citrus harvesting season 2018 − 19, fruit lesions as well as asymptomatic leaves adjacent to symptomatic fruit and asymptomatic trees in CBS-infected groves were surveyed for P. citricarpa presence and mating types. Results support the presence of only the MAT1-2-1 mating type in Florida, after surveying more than 1,145 citrus fruit lesions. We also confirmed the limited dispersal ability of the asexual state of P. citricarpa in Florida in 10 groves using the enhanced capabilities of the dPCR platform in the detection of P. citricarpa directly from asymptomatic leaves with low pathogen inoculum.[Figure: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license
    Directory of Open Access Journals

    Gene cluster conservation provides insight into cercosporin biosynthesis and extends production to the genus Colletotrichum

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    Species in the genus Cercospora cause economically devastating diseases in sugar beet, maize, rice, soy bean, and other major food crops. Here, we sequenced the genome of the sugar beet pathogen Cercospora beticola and found it encodes 63 putative secondary metabolite gene clusters, including the cercosporin toxin biosynthesis (CTB) cluster. We show that the CTB gene cluster has experienced multiple duplications and horizontal transfers across a spectrum of plant pathogenic fungi, including the wide-host range Colletotrichum genus as well as the rice pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. Although cercosporin biosynthesis has been thought to rely on an eight-gene CTB cluster, our phylogenomic analysis revealed gene collinearity adjacent to the established cluster in all CTB clusterharboring species. We demonstrate that the CTB cluster is larger than previously recognized and includes cercosporin facilitator protein, previously shown to be involved with cercosporin autoresistance, and four additional genes required for cercosporin biosynthesis, including the final pathway enzymes that install the unusual cercosporin methylenedioxy bridge. Lastly, we demonstrate production of cercosporin by Colletotrichum fioriniae, the first known cercosporin producer within this agriculturally important genus. Thus, our results provide insight into the intricate evolution and biology of a toxin critical to agriculture and broaden the production of cercosporin to another fungal genus containing many plant pathogens of important crops worldwide.</p
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    Author response image 2. Single cell analysis on human and Pan NPCs.

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    The JWST Early Release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems. V. Do Self-consistent Atmospheric Models Represent JWST Spectra? A Showcase with VHS 1256–1257 b

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    Petrus, Simon et al.-- Full list of authors: Petrus, Simon; Whiteford, Niall; Patapis, Polychronis; Biller, Beth A.; Skemer, Andrew; Hinkley, Sasha; Suárez, Genaro; Palma-Bifani, Paulina; Morley, Caroline V.; Tremblin, Pascal; Charnay, Benjamin; Vos, Johanna M.; Wang, Jason J.; Stone, Jordan M.; Bonnefoy, Mickaël; Chauvin, Gaël; Miles, Brittany E.; Carter, Aarynn L.; Lueber, Anna; Helling, Christiane; Sutlieff, Ben J.; Janson, Markus; Gonzales, Eileen C.; Hoch, Kielan K. W.; Absil, Olivier; Balmer, William O.; Boccaletti, Anthony; Bonavita, Mariangela; Booth, Mark; Bowler, Brendan P.; Briesemeister, Zackery W.; Bryan, Marta L.; Calissendorff, Per; Cantalloube, Faustine; Chen, Christine H.; Choquet, Elodie; Christiaens, Valentin; Cugno, Gabriele; Currie, Thayne; Danielski, Camilla; De Furio, Matthew; Dupuy, Trent J.; Factor, Samuel M.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Fitzgerald, Michael P.; Fortney, Jonathan J.; Franson, Kyle; Girard, Julien H.; Grady, Carol A.; Henning, Thomas; Hines, Dean C.; Hood, Callie E.; Howe, Alex R.; Kalas, Paul; Kammerer, Jens; Kennedy, Grant M.; Kenworthy, Matthew A.; Kervella, Pierre; Kim, Minjae; Kitzmann, Daniel; Kraus, Adam L.; Kuzuhara, Masayuki; Lagage, Pierre-Olivier; Lagrange, Anne-Marie; Lawson, Kellen; Lazzoni, Cecilia; Leisenring, Jarron M.; Lew, Ben W. P.; Liu, Michael C.; Liu, Pengyu; Llop-Sayson, Jorge; Lloyd, James P.; Macintosh, Bruce; Mâlin, Mathilde; Manjavacas, Elena; Marino, Sebastián; Marley, Mark S.; Marois, Christian; Martinez, Raquel A.; Matthews, Elisabeth C.; Matthews, Brenda C.; Mawet, Dimitri; Mazoyer, Johan; McElwain, Michael W.; Metchev, Stanimir; Meyer, Michael R.; Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A.; Mollière, Paul; Moran, Sarah E.; Mukherjee, Sagnick; Pantin, Eric; Perrin, Marshall D.; Pueyo, Laurent; Quanz, Sascha P.; Quirrenbach, Andreas; Ray, Shrishmoy; Rebollido, Isabel; Adams Redai, Jea; Ren, Bin B.; Rickman, Emily; Sallum, Steph; Samland, Matthias; Sargent, Benjamin; Schlieder, Joshua E.; Stapelfeldt, Karl R.; Tamura, Motohide; Tan, Xianyu; Theissen, Christopher A.; Uyama, Taichi; Vasist, Malavika; Vigan, Arthur; Wagner, Kevin; Ward-Duong, Kimberly; Wolff, Schuyler G.; Worthen, Kadin; Wyatt, Mark C.; Ygouf, Marie; Zurlo, Alice; Zhang, Xi; Zhang, Keming; Zhang, Zhoujian; Zhou, YifanThe unprecedented medium-resolution (R λ ∼ 1500–3500) near- and mid-infrared (1–18 μm) spectrum provided by JWST for the young (140 ± 20 Myr) low-mass (12–20 M Jup) L–T transition (L7) companion VHS 1256 b gives access to a catalog of molecular absorptions. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of this data set utilizing a forward-modeling approach applying our Bayesian framework, ForMoSA. We explore five distinct atmospheric models to assess their performance in estimating key atmospheric parameters: T eff, log(g), [M/H], C/O, γ, f sed, and R. Our findings reveal that each parameter's estimate is significantly influenced by factors such as the wavelength range considered and the model chosen for the fit. This is attributed to systematic errors in the models and their challenges in accurately replicating the complex atmospheric structure of VHS 1256 b, notably the complexity of its clouds and dust distribution. To propagate the impact of these systematic uncertainties on our atmospheric property estimates, we introduce innovative fitting methodologies based on independent fits performed on different spectral windows. We finally derived a T eff consistent with the spectral type of the target, considering its young age, which is confirmed by our estimate of log(g). Despite the exceptional data quality, attaining robust estimates for chemical abundances [M/H] and C/O, often employed as indicators of formation history, remains challenging. Nevertheless, the pioneering case of JWST's data for VHS 1256 b has paved the way for future acquisitions of substellar spectra that will be systematically analyzed to directly compare the properties of these objects and correct the systematics in the models. © 2024. The Author(s).This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. We are truly grateful for the countless hours that thousands of people have devoted to the design, construction, and commissioning of JWST. This project was supported by a grant from STScI (JWST-ERS-01386) under NASA contract NAS5-03127. This work benefited from the 2022 Exoplanet Summer Program in the Other Worlds Laboratory (OWL) at the University of California, Santa Cruz, a program funded by the Heising-Simons Foundation. S.P. acknowledges the support of ANID, –Millennium Science Initiative Program–Center Code NCN19_171. This project received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (COBREX; grant agreement No. 885593) and from the ANR project FRAME (ANR-20-CE31-0012). J.M.V. acknowledges support from a Royal Society—Science Foundation Ireland University Research Fellowship (URF\1\221932). S.M. is supported by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship (URF-R1-221669). M.B. received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (AtLAST; grant agreement No. 951815). R.A.M. is supported by the National Science Foundation MPS-Ascend Postdoctoral Research Fellowship under grant No. 2213312. E.G. acknowledges support from the Heising-Simons Foundation for this research. I.R. is supported by grant FJC2021-047860-I and PID2021-127289NB-I00 financed by MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033 and the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR. A.Z. and S.P. acknowledge support from ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Center Code NCN2021_080. All of the data presented in this article were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science Institute. The specific observations analyzed can be accessed via 10.17909/ceq5-9g20.Peer reviewe
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