1,721,359 research outputs found
Effect of Monovalent Measles and Trivalent Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccines at Various Ages and Concurrent Administration with Hepatitis B Vaccine
No full textHuman Rotavirus Vaccine Rix4414 (Rotarix (Tm)) Is Highly Efficacious in Infants from Asia during the First Two Years of Life
No full textClinical Manifestations of Parainfluenza Infection in Children
No full textParainfluenza viruses are major pathogens causing respiratory illness, manifesting from mild upper respiratory tract infection to bronchiolitis and pneumonia.This retrospective study aimed at providing clinical and epidemiologic data addressing the parainfluenza virus infection in Taiwan. A total of 39 patients were enrolled in this study from March 1999 to December 2000. Infants and young children were the major susceptible population, with 87.2% of them younger than 3 years. No seasonal trend was noted for parainfluenza type 1 and type 2 infections. One clustering of parainfluenza virus type 3 infections occurred in late spring of 2000 based on collected results. Parainfluenza type 1 viral isolates accounted for all of the cases of croup. Most isolates of parainfluenza virus type 3 were associated with upper and/or lower respiratory tract infections. A substantial proportion of the patients had skin involvement; the identification of one case of possible parainfluenza virus-related erythema multiforme is particularly interesting, especially because the chances of a causal relation between viral infection and skin symptoms are formerly thought to be slight. The identification of parainfluenza virus in illnesses classically considered to be due to other viruses is intriguing and may have important implications in the management of childhood illness clinically
Effect of Monovalent Measles and Trivalent Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccines at Various Ages and Concurrent Administration with Hepatitis B Vaccine
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A New Measles Mumps Rubella(Mmr) Vaccine: A Randomixed Comparative Trial for Assessing the Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of Three Consecutive Production Lots and Comparison with a Widely Used Mmr Vaccine in Measles Primed Children
No full textRecommendations Are Needed for Adolescent and Adult Pertussis Immunisation: Rationale and Strategies for Consideration
No full textPertussis vaccination of infants has dramatically reduced disease, complications and deaths in infancy and early childhood. But there is still a major public health challenge - to deal with the morbidity and economic burden of illness in older children, adolescents and adults. Furthermore, it is these groups that form a major source of infection for non-immunised and partially immunised infants who are at high risk of severe complications. Adult-type acellular pertussis vaccine confers safe and effective protection against pertussis. There are several strategies to consider for immunising older individuals. Universal vaccination of all age groups would be the best available strategy for protecting individuals. It would also reduce the potential for transmitting the disease to other susceptibles, particularly infants. However, such a policy may be difficult both logistically and economically at this time. More easily achievable as a first step would be a strategy of universal adolescent booster vaccination combined with a programme targeted at adults most likely to have contact with very young babies including healthcare and childcare workers, parents and close family contacts. There is also potential for offering vaccination to adults (and their carets and close contacts) whose medical conditions or advanced age may place them at increased risk of more severe pertussis disease. Specific details of immunisation programmes must be made on a country by country basis depending on local circumstances. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved
A Comparison of Safety, Tolerability and Immunogenicity of Oka/Merck Varicella Vaccine and Varilrix(Tm) in Healthy Children
No full textThis study compared safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of the Oka/ Merck varicella vaccine and VARILRIX(TM) [Oka- RIT strain SmithKline Beecham Biologicals] in healthy children 12-24 months of age. Subjects were randomized in this double blind study to receive either a single dose of Oka/Merck varicella vaccine, (similar to50,000 plaque forming units ( PFU), Group A or similar to16,000 PFU, Group B) or 1 dose of VARILRIX(TM), (similar to40,000 PFU/dose, Group C). Safety profiles in each treatment group were similar. The proportions of subjects achieving a 6-week postvaccination titer greater than or equal to5 gpELISA units in Groups A, B or C were 97.1, 95.2 and 85.6%, respectively. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved
A Cephalometric Study of Facial Growth in Van Der Woude Syndrome
No full textObjective: To test the hypothesis that maxillary growth and lower lip form in patients with van der Woude syndrome (VDW) is different from patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate. Design and Setting: Retrospective, case-control study at a tertiary cleft center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Patients and Participants: Records of 53 patients with VDW, who presented for treatment during the years 1968 through 1998 were obtained. Twenty-three of 53 patients had received at least one lateral cephalogram during the course of their treatment. Of these 23, in 17 it was possible to find nonsyndromic case controls with identical cleft type, sex, and method of cleft palate repair , with year of birth matching within 1 year of the corresponding VDW patient. For these 17 pairs of VDW and nonsyndromic cleft controls, cephalogram acquisition dates were checked to see how well the corresponding pairs matched . A total of 43 pairs of cephalograms were deemed to be acceptably matched because the ages at acquisition differed by less than 15% of the VDW patient's age. Main Outcome Measures: Thirteen measurements were derived from the 11 standard lateral cephalometric landmarks recorded on each cephalogram. The data were classified into five groups according to age at time of cephalogram, and sets of paired nonsyndromic cleft and VDW measurements were tested for differences using a Wilcoxon signed rank sum test in two ways, first including all cleft types and then including only those patients with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate. A longitudinal growth analysis considering the movement of the skeletal A and B points was performed on the patients with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate. Results: For the osseous measurements, anteroposterior maxillary length as described by the anterior nasal spine ( ANS)-posterior maxillary point distance was statistically significantly shorter in the VDW patients of age 13 years and older, by 5.3 mm. Maxillary height, as described by the nasion-ANS distance was shorter in the VDW patients, closely approaching statistical significance in the age range 7 through 11 years. The lip soft tissue measurements showed significantly greater protrusion over several age ranges in the VDW patients. The longitudinal growth analysis showed a significantly more inferior vertical position of the B point in the controls. Conclusions: This study demonstrates a few statistically significant differences in maxillary growth and lip conformation between VDW and matching controls. Small sample sizes for each age group hamper the ability to fully interpret or generalize the pattern of these differences
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