2,709 research outputs found
Intonation of sentences with an NPI
No full textThis paper presents the results of a production experiment on the intonation of sentences containing a negative polarity item (NPI) in Tokyo Japanese. The results show that NPI sentences exhibit a focus intonation: the F0-peak of the word to which an NPI is attached is raised, while the pitch contour after the NPI-attached word is compressed until the negation. This intonation pattern is parallel to that of wh-question, in which the F0 of the wh-phrase is raised while the post-wh-contour is compressed until the question particle
A Capacitance-Ratio-Modulated Current Front-End Circuit With Pulsewidth Modulation Output for a Capacitive Sensor Interface
No full text[[abstract]]This paper presents a front-end circuit with pulsewidth modulation (PWM) output for a capacitive sensor interface. A single-MOSFET-based capacitance-ratio-modulated current (CRMC) circuit is proposed to transform the sensed capacitance into a current proportional to a capacitance ratio. The proposed single-MOSFET-based CRMC circuit not only saves a lot of chip area but also lowers power consumption. Then, a dual-slope integration circuit transforms further the modulated current into PWM output. A prototype chip is designed and fabricated with a 0.35-mu m complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process and has a core area of 0.09 mm(2). The measurement results of the prototype chip demonstrate an accuracy value of up to 9.3 bit with 54-mu W power consumption. The microwatt power consumption and the small chip area of the proposed front-end circuit make it very suitable for a capacitive sensor interface in smart sensor chips.[[note]]SC
Low Parasitic Capacitance and Low-Power CMOS Capacitive Fingerprint Sensor
No full text[[abstract]]In this paper, a low parasitic capacitance and low-power CMOS capacitive fingerprint sensor readout circuit is presented. The side effect of parasitic capacitance has been under control with novel layout structure in sensor cell, and minimal size switch is used to reduce non-ideal effects of MOS switch and achieve good linearity. Power dissipation is also reduced with quiescent current control in buffer amplifier of sensor cell. A prototype chip with 32 x 32 array size has been fabricated using TSMC 0.35 mu m CMOS process. The chip works at 3.3V power supply and operates at 4MHz clock rate. Capacitance value from 0ff to 60fF can be sensed, corresponding analog output voltage is from 3.02V to 1.57V and the digital output is 6 bits. The overall power consumption is less than 5.5mW.[[note]]SC
Variations in Interferon Gamma Receptor Gene Expression during Liver Regeneration after Partial Hepatectomy in Rats
No full textEffects of red mold dioscorea on oral carcinogenesis in DMBA-induced hamster animal model
No full textWhat would Wh-in-situ be Like in Phase Theory?
Full text link[[abstract]]This paper is an attempt to reformulate the theories on wh-constructions under the framework of phase theory. The wh-in-situ phenomena have raised several issues that have not been adequately explained. I firstly reanalyze several approaches on wh-in-situ in the phase-based approach, then point out theoretical problems, especially in terms of the violation of PIC. It is also noticed that the asymmetry between wh-arguments and wh-adjuncts also plays a crucial role to analyze wh-in-situ. This paper explores a new approach to capture the asymmetry in terms of syntactic derivation. I suggest that the distinction between the two lies in their syntactic positions which lead to a difference in the licensing process of wh-elements.[[fileno]]204_JA07_2009_v5_p1[[department]]語言學研究
The development of hepatocellular carcinoma among prospectively followed children with chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
No full textWh-Islands: A View from Correspondence Theory
No full textThis paper discusses a family of restrictions on syntactic extraction, so-called wh-islands. The analysis will be based on the OT syntax model developed in Vogel (2004a,b) which focuses on the correspondence between semantic, syntactic and phonological representations, in the spirit of work by Jackendoff (1997), Williams (2003) and Culicover & Jackendoff (2005). I will argue that the wh-island restriction results from the impossibility to establish a perfect semantics-syntax mapping in the relevant structures. The resulting constraint violations add up to yield the wh-island effect. Exceptions to the wh-island restrictions in English are argued to be prosodically licensed.
Section 2 introduces the model I am using, and presents examples of some accounts of ineffability which I developed elsewhere. That section also introduces the basics of my treatment of wh-movement. Section 3 develops the account of wh-islands. Section 4 discusses the exceptions to the wh-island restriction that we see in English, and extends my account to handle these cases. The OT implementation of this account is presented in Section 5.The definitive version of this paper is published in Modeling Ungrammaticality in Optimality Theory. It is available at https://www.equinoxpub.com/equinox/books/showbook.asp?bkid=212Vogel, R. (2009). Wh-Islands: A View from Correspondence Theory. In C. Rice (Ed.), Ungrammaticality in Optimality Theory. Oakville, CT:Equinox Pub. Ltd, 2009ISBN-13 9781845532154 (published book
Rethinking Wh-island Effects in Chinese
No full textThe traditional observation that Chinese wh-arguments do not exhibit wh-island effects may be only apparent. With new evidence from “how-many” phrases, it is demonstrated that Chinese has wh-island effects even with wh-arguments. What nullifies such effects is in fact the disguise of D-linkedness. Although the lack of wh-island effects seems to pattern Chinese wh-construals with Japanese ones, further tests show that these two languages are still different with respect to strong island effects, (anti-)crossing effects, and multiple wh-interpretations. The finding leads to the need to reinvestigate the mechanisms underlying the scope-taking wh-elements of wh-in-situ languages on the one hand, and those triggering wh-island effects on the other.補正完
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