1,078 research outputs found
Purification, Cloning, and Functional Characterization of a Novel Immunomodulatory Protein from Antrodia camphorata (Bitter Mushroom) That Exhibits TLR2-Dependent NF-kappa B Activation and M1 Polarization within Murine Macrophages.
No full textCriticality of flow transition behind two side-by-side elliptic cylinders
No full text[[abstract]]In this study, near-critical bifurcations of low Reynolds number (Re) flows past a pair of elliptic cylinders in the side-by-side arrangement are numerically investigated, and onsets of several distinct transition scenarios are addressed. A nested Cartesian-grid formulation, in combination with an effective immersed boundary method and a two-step fractional-step procedure, has been adopted to simulate the flows. The transition scenarios associated with various periodic, quasi-periodic, and biased flows, their bifurcation characteristics, corresponding critical Reynolds numbers, and phase-portraits are exploited to better understand the governing physics. From the global point of view, there appear variety of flow patterns within the investigated parameter space, 40 <= Re <= 300, 0.2 <= G <= 3.0 (G being the gap-ratio of the cylinders), and 1.5 <= A <= 3 (A is the cylinder aspect-ratio), which include, symmetric vortex shedding mode, semi-single/twin vortex street formations, asymmetric/deflected flows, stationary/biased flip-flopped-type vortex shedding, weakly-chaotic flows, and in-phase/anti-phase vortex synchronizations. We numerically present these flows by tuning Re quasi-stationary, and provide a broader understanding of the entire transition process. A comprehensive analysis of effects of Reynolds number, the gap-ratio, and the angle of incidence on different flow-induced forces on the cylinders is included in this regard. On the other hand, our simulated wakes with various non-zero incidence-angles are found to reveal a rich variety of instability induced weakly synchronized physical evolution characteristics, which remained virtually unexplored. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3687450][[note]]SC
Sex differences in the prediction of the effectiveness of paroxetine for patients with major depressive disorder identified using a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for early response [Corrigendum]
No full textTomita T, Norio YF, Sato Y, et al. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2014;10:599–606.On page 599, there is an error in the author list "Yasui-Furukori Norio" should read "Norio Yasui-Furukori".Read the original articl
Search for missing charmonium states in B-meson decays
No full textThe recent progress in experiments at B-factories suggests an opportunity to search for the missing charmonium states eta'(c)(2(1)S(0)) and h(c)(1 P-1(1)). The feasibility of such a search in B-meson decays are discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V All rights reserved.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000176725100002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Physics, MultidisciplinarySCI(E)6ARTICLE1-26-1053
Connection between the closeness of classical orbits and the factorization of the radial Schrodinger equation
No full textIt is shown that the Runge-Lenz vector of a hydrogen atom is equivalent to the raising and lowering operators derived from the factorization of the radial Schrodinger equation. A similar situation exists for an isotropic harmonic oscillator. It is seen that there exists an intimate relation between the conserved quantities responsible for the closeness of classical orbits on the one side and the quantum-mechanical raising and lowering operators on the other side, which is physically connected with the dynamical symmetry of the system considered. Some discussions are made about the factorization of a one-dimensional system. [S1050-2947(98)06308-2].http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000075386200016&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701OpticsPhysics, Atomic, Molecular & ChemicalSCI(E)5ARTICLE2862-8685
Assessing the oseltamivir-induced resistance risk and implications for influenza infection control strategies
No full textNan-Hung Hsieh,1 Yi-Jun Lin,2 Ying-Fei Yang,2 Chung-Min Liao2 1Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA; 2Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Background: Oseltamivir-resistant mutants with higher drug resistance rates and low transmission fitness costs have not accounted for influenza (sub)type viruses. Predicting the impacts of neuraminidase inhibitor therapy on infection rates and transmission of drug-resistant viral strains requires further investigation.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the potential risk of oseltamivir-induced resistance for influenza A (H1N1) and A (H3N2) viruses.Materials and methods: An immune-response-based virus dynamic model was used to best fit the oseltamivir-resistant A (H1N1) and A (H3N2) infection data. A probabilistic risk assessment model was developed by incorporating branching process-derived probability distribution of resistance to estimate oseltamivir-induced resistance risk.Results: Mutation rate and sensitive strain number were key determinants in assessing resistance risk. By increasing immune response, antiviral efficacy, and fitness cost, the spread of resistant strains for A (H1N1) and A (H3N2) were greatly decreased. Probability of resistance depends most strongly on the sensitive strain number described by a Poisson model. Risk of oseltamivir-induced resistance increased with increasing the mutation rate for A (H1N1) only. The ≥50% of resistance risk induced by A (H1N1) and A (H3N2) sensitive infected cells were 0.4 (95% CI: 0.28–0.43) and 0.95 (95% CI 0.93–0.99) at a mutation rate of 10−6, respectively. Antiviral drugs must be administrated within 1–1.5 days for A (H1N1) and 2–2.5 days for A (H3N2) virus infections to limit viral production.Conclusion: Probabilistic risk assessment of antiviral drug-induced resistance is crucial in the decision-making process for preventing influenza virus infections. Keywords: influenza, resistance risk, oseltamivir, probabilistic risk assessmen
MOLECULAR LINE STUDIES OF DENSE CORE MOTIONS
No full textMolecular lines have revealed various supporting motions in dense cores. Line widths and emission region sizes of NH3 and CS in the same kind of cores or of the same line in cores with or without sources are different and can not be explained with the line width- size relationship. Outflows in dense cores show rich characteristics which can account for the NH3 emission difference between the two kinds of the cores; CS emission is consistent with the chemical effects in shocked regions. Rotation exists in both kinds of cores and may be related to the observed polarities and collimations of outflows.Astronomy & AstrophysicsSCI(E)0ARTICLE150217-22
A mathematical model for describing the mechanical behaviour of root canal instruments
No full textZhang EW, Cheung GSP, Zheng YF. A mathematical model for describing the mechanical behaviour of root canal instruments. International Endodontic Journal, 44, 72-76, 2011.Aim The purpose of this study was to establish a general mathematical model for describing the mechanical behaviour of root canal instruments by combining a theoretical analytical approach with a numerical finite-element method.Method Mathematical formulas representing the longitudinal (taper, helical angle and pitch) and cross-sectional configurations and area, the bending and torsional inertia, the curvature of the boundary point and the (geometry of) loading condition were derived. Torsional and bending stresses and the resultant deformation were expressed mathematically as a function of these geometric parameters, modulus of elasticity of the material and the applied load. As illustrations, three brands of NiTi endodontic files of different cross-sectional configurations (ProTaper, Hero 642, and Mani NRT) were analysed under pure torsion and pure bending situation by entering the model into a finite-element analysis package (ANSYS).Results Numerical results confirmed that mathematical models were a feasible method to analyse the mechanical properties and predict the stress and deformation for root canal instruments during root canal preparation.Conclusions Mathematical and numerical model can be a suitable way to examine mechanical behaviours as a criterion of the instrument design and to predict the stress and strain experienced by the endodontic instruments during root canal preparation. © 2010 International Endodontic Journal.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
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