1,720,970 research outputs found
Human exposure to wind-induced motion in tall buildings: and assessment of guidance in ISO 6897 and ISO 10137
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Annoyance caused by railway vibration and noise in buildings
No full textThis thesis is concerned with the annoyance caused by railway-induced building vibration and railway noise. A review of previous studies was conducted to examine current knowledge. The review enabled identification of areas in which there was insufficient information on which to base a prediction of the reaction to railway vibration and noise in buildings. Deficiencies in current knowledge formed the basis of a programme of experimental work which was conducted to investigate how the annoyance produced by railway-induced building vibration is affected by the number of trains, the vibration magnitude, the vibration frequency, the direction of vibration and the presence of noise. Two laboratory experiments were concerned with how annoyance caused by railway-induced building vibration depends on the magnitude of vibration and on how often trains pass. A trade-off was determined between the number of trains and the vibration magnitude which indicated a fourth power relation between magnitude and duration. The relation supports the use of the vibration dose value as a method of vibration assessment. Two further experiments were conducted to determine the subjective equivalence of noise and vibration and to investigate the interaction and combined effects of the two stimuli. The results suggest that vibration does not influence the assessment of noise but that the assessment of vibration can be increased or reduced by the presence of noise, depending on the relative magnitudes of the vibration and noise. A fifth experiment was performed to investigate the influence on annoyance of vibration frequency, vibration magnitude and vibration direction. Vibration frequency weightings were determined to describe subjective response to whole-body vibration at low magnitudes such as occurs in buildings. The results indicate that the weightings in British Standard 6841 (1987) provide a reasonable approximation to the frequency dependence of response to whole-body vibration at low magnitudes. In the final experiment the previous findings were combined to provide a general method of predicting the relative annoyance from complex conditions of railway vibration and noise. The method was shown to provide a more accurate prediction of the relative annoyance from railway vibration and noise than methods based on the influence of noise or vibration alone
Effect of reclining a seat on the discomfort from vibration and shock on fast boats
No full textPassengers and crew on fast boats can experience high magnitudes of whole-body vibration and mechanical shocks that may present risks to health and cause discomfort. This study investigated the influence of reclining a seat on the discomfort caused by fast-boat motion and whether discomfort can be predicted by overall ride values according to current standards. Subjects judged the discomfort of simulations of a recorded fast boat motion in a seat reclined by 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, or 60°. Reclining the seat caused no significant change in overall discomfort, suggesting that if a reclined seat can be shown to reduce risks of injury it may be acceptable in respect of comfort. The findings are inconsistent with the predictions of standards and show that revised frequency weightings are required to account for seat pan or seat back inclination.Practitioner Summary: Contrary to predictions of current standards, reclining a seat may not increase discomfort during fast-boat motion. Revised frequency weightings for evaluating the severity of whole-body vibration are required to account for seat pan or seat back inclination
Interface usability evaluation of mobility apps aimed at inclusive design
No full textThis study evaluated the interface usability of a range of mobility apps using a set of adapted heuristics aimed at inclusive design. Identified strengths and weaknesses informed interface design recommendations for a future MaaS app to enhance usability and support travel across all ages and genders of adults in the Southampton area
Developing a heuristic tool for Evaluation of Mobility as a Service (MaaS) Mobile Application Interfaces
No full textMobility as a Service (MaaS) mobile phone applications are being launched in many towns and cities worldwide and are heralded as the ultimate modern mobility solution by combining private, public, micro and active travel options. However, in order to encourage adoption by the public the user-experience (UX) is of high importance. A useful way to evaluate the UX of an app interface is to use heuristics analysis, yet none of the existing heuristics tools are tailored towards mobility apps. This means they are not suitable for a systematic evaluation of MaaS interfaces. Therefore a new heuristics tool was developed in order to evaluate the interfaces of mobility apps, including MaaS. This was achieved through the evaluation of existing heuristics combined with the determination of the needs of the mobility app user. A number of iterations were developed, tested and revised in order to design a useful and usable tool
Effect of roll oscillation frequency on motion sickness
No full textBackground: in many environments associated with motion sickness there are low frequency motions in several axes, including roll. Roll motion has often been assumed to be a cause of motion sickness, either alone or in combination with motions in other axes. However, there have been no systematic studies of the effects of roll frequency on sickness. Hypothesis: it was hypothesized that sickness caused by roll oscillation would depend on the frequency of roll. Method: there were 100 male subjects (aged 18 to 26 yr) who participated in a laboratory study. Prior to experiencing motion, all subjects completed a motion sickness history questionnaire giving information on travel and motion sickness experience. The seated subjects were exposed within a closed cabin to 30 min of sinusoidal roll motion at one of five frequencies: 0.025 Hz, 0.05 Hz, 0.10 Hz, 0.20 Hz, or 0.40 Hz. At each frequency, the cabin oscillated through ±8° about a center of rotation located on the seat surface. Ratings of motion sickness were obtained at 1-min intervals. Results: subject illness ratings were positively correlated with their previous motion sickness, although at each frequency the amount of sickness was small. Overall, there was no significant difference in the sickness ratings produced by the five motions. Conclusions: the frequency dependence of motion sickness produced by roll oscillation differs from that associated with vertical and horizontal oscillation. Motion sickness associated with pure roll oscillation of a seat will usually be less than the sickness associated with pure translational oscillation of the seat or the sickness associated with combined translation and rotation
Design considerations for enhanced utility of a Mobility as a Service (MaaS) application
No full textDesign considerations for a Mobility as a Service (MaaS) application–based on analysis of utility
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