480 research outputs found
Goethe a Lem
No full textIn this article ‘Lem and Goethe’, the author compares the figure of Stanislaw Lem to J.W. Goethe, whereas Lem’s oeuvre to ‘Faust’. There are two reasons for such a comparison. First, the scope of subjects raised by the Polish writer is perhaps even wider than the German one’s. The second thing is their great insight into these subjects. When Lem and Goethe are compared, it should be noticed that both their personalities (certain openness to the world and environment, participation in discussions, vast correspondence) and artistic and scientific interests (distinct exceeding limits by both of them) are similar. The author of the article takes notice of the fact that there is a tremendous difference between Lem’s works and ‘Faust’, because Lem’s are structurally and formally scattered. While there is no doubt that ‘Lem is also a philosopher writing great novels, not a novelist that possesses his own philosophy, like many others’ and that such output is ‘cognitively homogenous’, such state of affairs significantly hinders reception and interpretation of his oeuvre. The author of the text observes that by contrast with ‘Faust’, the character of Lem’s works is scattered not only in terms of content but also formally. That is because the author of ‘Summa Technologiae’ continually adopted new means of expression for his thoughts
Mój Lem
No full textIn a text “My Lem” the author presented a highly personal version of his own former readings of Stanisław Lem’s books, which were classified as popular literature at a time when he studied Polish philology in the 1970s at the University of Wroclaw; therefore, back then they could not gain the status that would be conducive to serious critical and research studies
Lumen, Lux, Lem. Visual models in prose of Stanislaw Lem
No full textWydział Filologii Polskiej i KlasycznejDysertacja Lumen, lux, Lem. Modele wizualne w prozie Stanisława Lema skupia się na kategoriach wyobraźni autora Solaris. To próba ujęcia jego prozy w kontekstach antropologii kulturowo-wizualnej oraz propozycja wyznaczenia podstawowych struktur światów przedstawionych, geometrycznych wzorców modelowania przestrzeni. Istotną sprawą jest też określenie funkcji światła w powieściach, skategoryzowanego głównie na światło sztuczne/techniczne (lumen) oraz światło naturalne/światłość (lux). Wstępnemu skalibrowaniu zagadnień związanych z przestrzenią, światłem i wizualnością służy rozdział rozdział Lumen, lux, Lem. Od rozdziału Święte słupy analizie zostają poddane teksty Stanisława Lema z wszystkich etapów twórczości. Ich interpretacje i zestawienia umożliwiają dostrzeżenie powtarzających się wertykalno-koncentrycznych struktur, które przybierają rozmaite formy: statków kosmicznych, wieżowców, gmachów, stożków, bibliotek, kół, kuli, itp. Lem buduje również konstelacje motywów somatycznych, biologicznych, mechanicznych oraz geograficznych (związanych z Tatrami). Monografia jako punkt wyjścia traktuje wczesne – nie interpretowane dotąd - wiersze autora Edenu. Już w nich zauważyć można posługiwanie się labiryntowymi, wielokondygnacyjnymi i dośrodkowymi modelami wizualnymi, które obecne będą później w dojrzałej prozie Lema.The dissertation Lumen, Lux, Lem. Visual models in prose of Stanislaw Lem is focused on the categories of imagination of Solaris’s author. It is the attempt to capture his prose in the context of cultural and visual anthropology, as well as the suggestion to allocate main structures of the presented worlds and geometrical patterns of space modelling. One of the key issues is to determine the role of the light in the novels which is mainly classified into artificial/technical (lumen) and natural/lightness (lux). Chapter Lumen, lux, Lem is initial calibration of matters related to space, light and visuality. The texts from all periods of Lem’s literary output are analysed from the chapter Holly Posts. Their interpretations and allocations make it possible to notice repetitive vertical-concentric structures of various forms: spaceships, tower blocks, edifices, cones, libraries, circles, spheres etc. Lem also builds constellations of somatic, biological, mechanical and geographical motives (related to the Tatras). The point of departure in the monograph are early – never interpreted poems of the author of Eden. Even in them it is possible to detect the implementation of maze-like, multi-level, central visual models which are present in later, more mature Lem’s prose
Lem – nowator językowy?
No full textThe paper describes briefly the present state of research into Stanislaw Lem’s language, especially into his vocabulary, in particular his linguistic innovations (called neologisms), and outlines the main principles of a study into Lem’s language that the author plans (with Łukasz Grabowski). It is argued that so far it has been predominantly the humorous stories by Lem, such as Cyberiada (The Cyberiad) that were studied, and that a future study should take into account all neologisms by Lem from all his works. The planned study will do that, using the methods of a branch of computer linguistics called corpus linguistics. Most texts by Lem are available as ebooks now, and the authors will use them as their corpus, adding texts from his correspondence. All the texts will be analysed by statistical methods, and a list of neologisms will be produced automatically. Lem’s texts, his vocabulary and neologisms will be studied in comparison with the texts from his period
The role of emerin and LEM domain proteins in nuclear envelope assembly and cytoskeleton organisation
No full textThe nuclear envelope (NE) plays a fundamental role in the cell by separating nuclear from cytoplasmic activities, and mutations in NE proteins have been associated with a diverse array of diseases. In the present study the Xenopus cell-free system was used to investigate the function of the inner nuclear membrane protein, emerin, which is associated with the Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (X-EDMD).Initially, the order and dynamics of NE assembly in Xenopus egg extracts have been investigated. Using a panel of antibodies it was shown that NE assembly proceeds by the ordered recruitment of two membrane populations, Nuclear Envelope Precursor vesicles -A and -B (NEP-A and NEP-B), to chromatin. As shown by immunofluorescence NEP-B vesicles, together with nucleoporins (Nups), appear first around chromatin at about ten minutes after initiation of NE assembly while NEP-A vesicles appear at a later stage, at about twenty minutes. To investigate the role of different emerin domains in this process, four human emerin peptides consisting of amino acids (aa) 1-70, 1-176, 1-220 and 73-180 were added individually to Xenopus nuclear assembly reactions at different concentrations and the effect on nuclear vesicle recruitment and NPC formation was monitored. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that peptides containing the LEM domain of emerin interfere with a correct NE assembly by inhibiting chromatin decondensation and recruitment of membranes to chromatin. This inhibitory effect was shown to be exerted mainly on NEP-A membranes and on Nup62 and Nupl53. By the use of two antibodies, raised against the LEM domain of human emerin and LAP2ß, two proteins of 30 and 36 kD, respectively, were identified in Xenopus. Both proteins were shown to reside in the NEP-A membrane population providing an explanation for the preferential inhibition of NEP-A recruitment to chromatin by exogenously added LEM domain containing emerin peptides. To further investigate whether the domain specific inhibitory effects of emerin on nuclear assembly correlate with specific interacting proteins, co-precipitation experiments were performed to identify emerin binding proteins in the Xenopus cytosol. From these experiments ß -tubulin was identified as a protein able to interact with emerin peptides 1-70 and 73-180. Staining of X-EDMD cells, which lack emerin, with a ß -tubulin antibody revealed no alterations in the organisation of the microtubule (MT) network. The most prominent effect of emerin mutations regarding MTs was the position of the Microtubule Organising Centre (MTOC) relative to the NE. Staining for the centrosomal protein pericentrin revealed a mis-localisation of the MTOC away from the NE in X-EDMD cell lines at distances at least double compared to control cells
Stanislav Lem and Ivan Yefremov: a failed meeting
No full textTwo outstanding science fiction writers and social thinkers, Ivan Yefremov and Stanislav Lem, never met in person or corresponded, although they had many mutual acquaintances and closely followed each other's publications. The purpose of the article is to identify possible reasons for the failed meeting
(I. Yefremov's illness, rumors about S. Lem's "arrogance," etc.). The research methods include an analysis of the correspondence, fiction, and memoirs of I. Yefremov, Stanislav Lem, and people from their close circle. The author concludes that the underlying reason for Yefremov's refusal to contact Lem was the discrepancy in their ideological views on the main issues that both Yefremov and Lem considered in their works: the essence of man, his predisposition to good or evil, and man's place in space. I. Yefremov was an anthropological optimist, convinced that man is basically good, and that manifestations of evil are connected with improper upbringing and a bad social structure. S. Lem, on the contrary, was an anthropological pessimist, believing that human nature has an inherent tendency towards evil (anthropological Manichaeism), which is partly restrained by heredity and upbringing. Unlike Yefremov, Lem was pessimistic about the possibility of establishing contact with extraterrestrial intelligence, and, as a rationalist and neopositivist, was skeptical about occultism and paranormal phenomena
The philosophy of Stanislaw Lem through the eyes of Professor Okolovsky. Review of the book “Stanislaw Lem and reason. Philosophical studies"
No full textThe article is a review of the publication: Okolovsky P. Stanislav Lem and reason. Philosophical studies. Minsk: Galiafi, 2022. 224 p. The author is a professor at the University of Warsaw, researching the philosophical legacy of Stanislaw Lem. The book is a collection of essays and interviews that reveal Lem's vision of resolving ontological, epistemological and axiological questions. The Russian-speaking reader is offered an analysis of the philosophy of the mature Lem: it is little known and does not fit into the canonical approaches expressing the history of philosophy of the 20th century. This publication makes a significant contribution to Lemology, allowing one to get an idea of the principles and approaches of Lem as a philosopher, and to look at his philosophical heritage against the background of the ancient classics
Feedback controller design for power pole electronics laboratory buck converter module
No full textThis thesis paper details the design of a feedback control compensator device to suit a Buck converter. The apparatus that was used is a configurable experimental laboratory device made by the University of Minnesota. The author had aims to provide a fast and stable response to both input voltage disturbances and change in load resistance type disturbances. The voltage output was required to remain constant or return to steady state as fast as possible, without oscillation, after one of these types of disturbances. The design was found to work quite well but there is definitely scope for future students to improve the design or approach the project from an embedded systems perspective
The Conradian 'Shadow-line' in Selected Works by Stanisław Lem
No full textJoseph Conrad wrote The Shadow-Line. A Confession at the end of 1916, when Europe was in the middle of the Great War. As he mentions in the “Author’s Note” (written in 1920), the purpose of the work was to present certain events connected with the passage from youth to maturity. However, in the course of time the expression “shadow line” gained more universal meaning, and now the phrase “to cross the shadow-line” refers not only to crossing the border between youth and maturity, but to passing from one period of life into another. The literary output of Joseph Conrad, had considerable influence not only on his contemporaries or immediate followers, but on the modern artists as well. One of them was Stanisław Lem—philosopher, essayist, author of excellent Science-Fiction novels and short stories, peopled with such characters as Ijon Tichy, Professor Tarantoga or the unforgettable Pirx the pilot. Although in his works Lem, save a few exceptions, does not make direct references to Joseph Conrad and his fiction, Conradian motifs can be traced in most of his novels. One of them is the motif of crossing the shadow-line, noticeable in such works as Return from the Stars, The Invincible, Tales of Pirx the Pilot. The article shows how the author of Solaris used the motif of Conradian “shadow-line” to present the difficult moments, decisions and dilemmas of his protagonists
Importance and similarity in the evolving citation network of the International Journal of Research in Marketing.
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