22 research outputs found
Slavadora Persica- Medicinal Properties
No full textHerbal medicines have long been the center of interest for the researchers. Herbs have long been used for the treatment of various ailments including diarrhea, ulcers, arthritis etc. people have always preferred herbal medicine believing it to be less toxic and inexpensive. Salvadora persica (miswak) is one of such plants which are used over the years mostly in the field of dentistry because of its religious significance in Islam. The purpose of this review is to go through the various medicinal properties of this plant. A literature search regarding this article was done on Google scholar and Pubmed /Medline during the time period 1988-2014.Most of the articles were related to oral health but few other properties are also foun
Guide Line for Item Writing by National Board of Medical Education Problem-Based Learning and use of Case Clusters
No full textAn increasing number of medical schools have adopted problem-based learning (PBL) as aninstructional strategy for portions of the basic science curriculum. Although each school’sapproach to PBL is somewhat unique, all involve the use of written patient cases (problems) inbasic science instruction. Problems are designed to stimulate learning of material from traditionalbasic science disciplines (e.g, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry) from a clinical perspective,and application of basic science principles to clinical situations is stressed. Material is typicallycovered through independent study and discussed in small groups with a faculty tutor
OSPE In Pharmacology - Students Perspective
No full textStudents' perspective about OSPE was assessed in 2012. They responded on pre- examination arrangement, time allocation, number of stations; ontent, process, process explanation, quality of questions, marks allocation, faculty behavior, overall atmosphere and comments about OSPE experience and its comparison to conventional pattern. Student`s responses were graded as good (combining agree and strongly agree), poor (combining disagree and strongly disagree) or neutral. Of 102 students, ninety students (88%) responded to questionnaire at the end of all four examinations. 87.65% students found pre-examination arrangement good while 86.5% were happy with explanation of procedure. 89% felt faculty behavior satisfactory, 82.5% considered OSPE process smooth, 86% expressed satisfaction with quality of questions, 79.5% considered number of stations adequate, 86.75% believed time adequate, 87% concluded that content was adequately covered. 86.87% considered atmosphere conducive and 81.25% considered marks justified. Students' overwhelmingly found OSPE in Pharmacology an effective method of assessment
Effect and Toxicity of Methanolic Extract of Brassice Pleracea on Body Weight of Rabbits
No full textObjective: To evaluate the effect and toxicity of methanolic extract of Brassica Oleracea var. capitata on bodyweight of rabbits.Materials And Methods: This experimental study was conductedon14 healthy white rabbits of either sex atdepartment of pharmacology, faculty of pharmacy, university of Karachi in 2011. All animals were equally dividedin two groups i.e. control and test group .Test group received methanolic extract of Brassica Oleracea in aconcentration of 100 mg/kg of body weight for 30 days (4 weeks) through oral route once daily. While controlgroup received normal saline 1ml/day equivalent to volume of dose given to test animals. Gross toxicity wasobserved during whole period in animals of both groups. Body weight of animals was recorded weekly on weighingmachine.Results: The animals who received methanolic extract of Brassica Oleracea in a dose of 100 mg/kg body weightshowed significantdecrease in mean body weight of (1783+2.4)as compared to control animals (1957+4.92).Difference in mean body weight recorded on day 31 (at the end of 4 weeks) was 46gm as compared to animals ofcontrol group where decline was only1 gm. While the percent decrease in mean body weight was found to be (3%)as compared to control animals (0%).Features of gross toxicity such as loss of hair, change in hair color,aggressiveness in behavior, diarrhea, and haematuria, were not found in animals of both groups during wholeexperimental period.Conclusion: Methanolic extract of Brassica Oleracea exhibited weight reducing effect in rabbits without any grosstoxicity
Bloom : On Belief and Apple Trees
No full textx, 41 p.The author explains the evolution and context for her original creative essays
Flipped Classroom Learning among Medical and Dental Faculty of Bahria University Medical and Dental College
No full textBackground: Flipped classroom technique (FCR) is a pedagogical approach where students watch pre-recorded video lectures or read educational materials before coming to class. During class time, students then engage in activities, discussions, and problem-solving exercises related to the pre-recorded content, with the teacher acting as a facilitator and guide. The key to the effective utilization of this instructional method is that both the teachers and the students understand its educational philosophy and technique. This study aims at exploring the faculty’s understanding and perceptions regarding flipping the classroom.
Method: A Cross-sectional Descriptive study was carried out at Bahria university medical and dental college (BUMDC), Karachi, Pakistan from January to June 2020, after approval from the institutional ethical review committee. Data was collected through a self-designed questionnaire after obtaining verbal consent from 197 faculty members through non-probability purposive sampling. Data was analyzed by version 23.0 of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).
Results: The results revealed that more than half of the studied participants had a moderate perception regarding Flipped Classroom and more than one-third of those who were female, had a highly positive perception. According to designation and teaching experience, mean scores were higher for senior faculty as compared to junior faculty (p=0.02).
Conclusions: Contrary to popular belief, senior faculty also perceives this new technique as being beneficial for their teaching. This opportunity should be utilized to train the faculty in conducting flipped classrooms in order to optimize its benefits
Potential Drug-Drug Interactions among patient’s prescriptions collected from Medicine out-patient setting
No full textEffect of Metformin Versus Diet and Exercise on Ovulation & Menstrual Regularity in PCOS
No full textTo compare the effects of metformin with diet & exercise on ovulation & menstrual regularity in PCOS infertile women .Study Design: Randomized clinical trial.Place & Duration of study: Private hospital infertility clinic at Karachi from 2001-2004.Patients & Methods: One hundred & eleven PCOS women with primary infertility were enrolled. and divided into group A & B with 57 & 54 patientsrespectively. Group A received tablet metformin 500mg thrice daily along with diet & exercise advice while group B was kept on diet & exercise alone(30-60 minutes walk daily & avoidance of oily foods, red meat & bakery products) for a period of 90 days. Menstrual regularity & plasma progesteronelevel were evaluated at day-0 and day-90. Fasting serum glucose, insulin, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, testosterone &ultrasound pelvis were done at day- 0 for diagnosis of PCOS.Results: 100 patients completed the study. 50 patients in each group.In group A, 44 (88%) patients developed regular cycles with statistically significantincrease in serum progesterone whereas in group B only 3(6%) patients developed regular cycles with non-significant increase in serum progesterone levelfrom day-0 to day-90. Group A showed ovulation in 82% patients in comparison to Group B where ovulation occurred in only 6% of patients.Conclusion: Metformin produced beneficial effects in comparison to diet & exercise alone in PCOS infertile women
Importance of estimation of follicular output rate (FORT) in females assisted by intracytoplasmic sperm injection
No full textBackground: We aimed to estimate pregnancy outcome after ICSI in terms of oocyte parameters, embryo quality, endometrial thickness, hormone and cytokine levels in women stratified on the basis of follicular output rate (FORT).Methods: Quasi experimental design was carried out after approval from “Ethical review board of Islamabad clinic serving infertile couples” from July 2010 to August 2013. One thousand and fifty females were selected with the criteria of age between 21-40 years, infertility of more than 2 years, body mass index of 18-35 kg/m2, menstrual cycle of 25 ± 7 days, both ovaries present with normal uterine cavity, serum FSH levels less than 8 IU/ml and normal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. Females on short agonist or antagonist protocol with diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome, fibroids or in their male partner sperms retrieved by testicular biopsy were excluded from the study. Down regulation of ovaries was followed by controlled ovarian stimulation, Ovulation Induction (OI), oocyte pick up, in vitro fertilization, Embryo Transfer (ET) and confirmation of pregnancy was done by serum beta hCG of more than 25 mIU/ml and cardiac activity on trans vaginal scan. Enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay was used for peak and mid luteal estradiol (E2), progesterone (P) and interleukin I-β estimation on OI and ET days respectively. FORT (ratio of preovulatory follicle count to antral follicle count × 100 on OI day) stratified females into low under the 33rd percentile, medium between the 33rd and the 67th percentile and high above the 67th percentile. Characteristics of groups were compared by one way analysis of variance. Results: Females 276 (33%), 288 (34%) and 282 (33%) comprised of low, medium and high FORT groups respectively. The number of retrieved, mature and fertilized oocytes, cleaved embryos, endometrial thickness and number of gestational sacs in the high FORT group was significantly high (P <0.001). High peak and midluteal E2 (P = 0.0025, 0.0001), low P (P = 0.0001) and high peak interleukin-1β (P = 0.0001) was observed in high FORT in comparison with medium FORT with resultant greater number of clinical pregnancies 183 (65%). Conclusions: The FORT in non PCOS patients may reflect good reproductive outcome after ICSI with maximum clinical pregnancies in high FORT group.
Evaluation of Cardiovascular Safety of Herbal Cough Syrup
No full textBackground:
Herbal medicine or phytotherapy is the science of using herbal remedies for the treatment of diseases. Nowadays increasing number of people are using herbal medicines because of lower level of side effects and toxicity associated with them. Pharmacologists must be knowledgeable about their safety. Present study was carried out to evaluate the cardiovascular safety of herbal cough syrup. The syrup contains Glycerrhiza glabra, Piper longum, Adhatoda vasica, Viola odorata, Hyssopus officinalis, and Alpinia galanga. All these ingredients are said to have antitussive properties without any cardiovascular toxic effects.
Objective:
To evaluate cardiovascular safety of herbal cough syrup
Methods:
Twenty eight rabbits of either sex, weighing 670g–1200g were divided into four groups, with 7 rabbits in each group. Group I was the control group & received 0.3 ml of water, group II, III & IV received herbal syrup normal dose (0.57ml/kg), moderate dose (5ml/kg),and high dose (10ml/kg) respectively once daily, orally for a period of 45 days following which blood samples were collected through cardiac puncture, centrifuged & serum was analyzed on Vitalab eclipse automatic analyzer for cardiac & lipid profile.
Results:
In comparison to control group there were no significant changes in cardiac and lipid profile of all groups. Overall results did not reveal any significant toxicity.
Conclusion:
The Herbal Syrup is safe as an antitussive and reveals no significant cardiovascular toxicity.
Key Words:
Herbal, Cough, Cardiovascular Safet
